Influence of TiO2 Film Thickness on the Electrochemical Behaviour of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (original) (raw)
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Fabrication and characterization dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on TiO2/SnO2 composite
2017
Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on TiO2/SnO2 composite electrode has been fabricated. In this research, modifications TiO2 electrode in the form of composite TiO2/SnO2 which aims to optimize the process of transfer and charge separation that reduces premature recombination in the cells, so as to increase the conversion efficiency and stability of dye-sensitized solar cell performance. In this study, DSSC is composed of several components, among others, a semiconductor oxide, a layer of dye, a counter electrode, and an electrolyte. This study used three types of semiconductors at the working electrode is pure TiO2, composite TiO2/SnO2 and pure SnO2, electrolyte gel based polymer PEG with BM 1000, plate carbon as the counter electrode (cathode), and the use of dye from synthetic materials N-749 as dye sensitizer. This study tested with xenon lamp light source intensity of 100mW/cm 2. Results of research and calculations showed that the DSSC based composite electrode TiO2/SnO2 better than the DSSC based pure TiO2 electrodes and based pure SnO2 electrodes, this is indicated by the value efficient as follows: 0.041%, 0.019%, and 0.0114%.
Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2004
The material extensively used for construction of dye-sensitized solar cells is TiO 2 . Similar cells made from other familiar semiconductor oxide materials such as SnO 2 and ZnO have yielded efficiencies far below the values corresponding to TiO 2 -based cells. The indication is that electrons injected to s-band materials (SnO 2 ) are more susceptible to recombination compared to d-band materials (TiO 2 ). However, an impressive improvement in efficiency has been noticed when SnO 2 crystallites are coated with ∼0.5-1 nm ultra-thin shells of high band gap oxides which act as a barrier against recombination. Naturally a barrier would also lower the electron injection efficiency and oxide barriers of thickness ∼0.5-1 nm were noted to lower the efficiency of cells based on TiO 2 . Contrary to our observation, reports in literature gives instances of obtaining higher efficiencies when TiO 2 crystallites in the film are coated with other oxide materials. In order to elucidate this problem an extensive series of experiments were conducted by coating TiO 2 crystallites with outer shells of different materials of varying thickness. Although there is some evidence for marginal improvement, efficiencies distinctively above the optimized TiO 2 could not be achieved by this technique. Experimental details and difficulties involved in making a clear conclusion are discussed.
We report the fabrication and testing of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) based on tin oxide (SnO 2) particles of average size ~20 nm. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conducting glass substrates were treated with TiO x or TiCl 4 precursor solutions to create a blocking layer before tape casting the SnO 2 mesoporous anode. In addition, SnO 2 photoelectrodes were treated with the same precursor solutions to deposit a TiO 2 passivating layer covering the SnO 2 particles. We found that the modification enhances the short circuit current, open-circuit voltage and fill factor, leading to nearly 2-fold increase in power conversion efficiency, from 1.48% without any treatment, to 2.85% achieved with TiCl 4 treatment. The superior photovoltaic performance of the DSSCs assembled with modified photoanode is attributed to enhanced electron lifetime and suppression of electron recombination to the electrolyte, as confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) carried out under dark condition. These results indicate that modification of the FTO and SnO 2 anode by titania can play a major role in maximizing the photo conversion efficiency.
It became a great interest Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) as a successful alternative to silicon solar cells in terms of cost and simplicity. These cells rely on a semi-conductive material of electricity TiO2 nanocrystalline which encapsulates glass electrodes from the connected side at a temperature 450 o C. In this work, the effect of nanoparticle size shows the size of atoms. The smaller the size of the atoms, the greater the surface area and thus the sufficient absorption of the dye and the stimulation of electrons, where increasing surface area increases efficiency. Then a limited amount was added and at a certain concentration, which led to a reasonable improvement in efficiency. According to this procedure commercially available TiO2 (10 nm,25 nm,33 nm, 50 nm) standard. A TiO2 paste was prepared by mixing commercial TiO2, ethanol, distilled water, F:SnO2 (FTO film thickness 14 µm) conductive glasses. By using Dr. Blade method we got films with appropriate thicknesses, then by using several particle sizes (10 nm,25 nm ,33 nm, 50 nm) ,many efficiencies were founded (2.39 %, 2.1 %,1.85 %,1.65%) respectively. Improved solar cell efficiency after addition of several chemical materials and the best that got is Cu (NO3)2. Efficiency became for (10 nm) (2.61 %, 2.34 %,2.1%,1.85%) respectively under 40 mW/cm 2 .
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2021
Pure TiO2 and surface-modified TiO2 (SMT) films have been developed using zinc acetate solution on fluorine-doped SnO2 (FTO) substrates via spray pyrolysis technique for the application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles indicate that pure TiO2 and SMT exhibit the same crystal structure. Optical absorption studies reveal that there is no significant absorption difference between SMT and pure TiO2. Impedance measurements show that ZnO layer-covered TiO2 nanoparticles particularly increase the impedance and also suppress the reverse transmission of photo-induced electrons ejected from SMT electrode to the electrolyte. Surface morphological and elemental studies have been performed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) respectively. The photoelectrochemical (J–V curves) values of DSSCs for pure TiO2 and SMT thin films have been compared. The results show that the photoelectric current (...
Structure design of nano-TiO2 electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells
Solid State Lighting and Solar Energy Technologies, 2007
In dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), the physical properties and microstructure of nano-titanium dioxide film electrode are the key factors to influence the photo-electric characters greatly and they are also determined by the preparation techniques. A new electrode of double-layer TiO 2 with different structure was designed and prepared by spin-coating and screen-printing techniques alternately. Such two types of layers have different contribution to the photo-electric conversion functions. Compact TiO 2 film made by spin-coating only absorbs little dyes, but it works as a barrier layer between ITO and electrolyte. The porous TiO 2 film made by screen-printing will absorb more dyes, and results in higher photocurrent. At the end, the effect of the compact layer on I-V properties of the DSSCs was discussed.
A Comparative Study on Optoelectronic Properties of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells using TiO 2 -ZnO Photo anodes, 2024
In present study, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) are fabricated using bare TiO 2, ZnO and TiO 2-ZnO nanocomposite via doctor's blade method with N719 sensitizer and platinum-free carbon deposited counter electrode. The ensued TiO 2-ZnO (1:1) composite films of photoanodes are characterized with UV-Vis Spectroscopy to investigate the band gaps of bare TiO 2 , ZnO and their composite, in the range of 3.21-3.31 eV. SEM studies are performed to analyze the surface morphology wherein the TiO 2-ZnO composite photoelectrode, displayed additional prominent porosities than the bare TiO 2 /ZnO. The photo conversion efficiency of the cells based on TiO 2 , ZnO and their composite were observed as 1.08%, 0.98%, and 1.49%, respectively, which is higher for composite due to low series resistance, high optical absorption, high recombination resistance and longer lifetime as evaluated by impedance analysis. This strategy of using TiO 2-ZnO nanocomposite photoanode could pave the way for performance improvement in a cost-effective manner for DSSCs.
Improving the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells with doping and codoping titanium dioxide
In this work, A new strategy for enhancing the efficiency of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) by doping foreign ion and co-doping TiO 2 / Fe and Cu (38 nm) was prepared by sol-gel method and successfully used as a photoanode for (DSSC). The samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to calculate grain size, before and after Fe, Cu-doping and co-doping. Glass coating process with a thin layer on (Fluorine doped tin oxide) FTO glass by using doctor Blade technique .The optimum thickness utilized for TiO 2 paste is (15µm) on a conductive glass. The best experimental results for doping and co-doping TiO 2 with additive Copper (II) nitrate Cu (NO 3) 2 as improved it was V OC =0.6 V, I SC =1.92 mA, I max =1.8 mA and V max = 0.55 V with fill factor (FF) = 0.87. Power conversion efficiency of the cell became 2.5%.
Investigation of electrical properties of dye sensitized solar cells based on thin film electrodes
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2019
For electricity production with zero emission Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) shows a great potential having a low cost fabrication solar cell devices. In this research, we have used two types of modified titanium dioxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles as photoanodes for DSSC, such as commercial TiO 2 paste , and synthesis TiO 2 paste. These TiO 2 compact layers were coated on FTO (Fluorine doped Tin Oxide) coated conductive glass substrates using doctor blade technique. Then, a freshly prepared solution of iodide-triiodide, and Ruthenium (II) dye (N 719), were used as electrolyte and the dye, respectively. A platinum (Pt) coated FTO was used as a counter electrode. The J-V characteristics for all the devices were obtained under light evaluating their performance and to calculate the power conversion efficiency.
2021
Pure TiO2 and surface-modified TiO2 (SMT) films from zinc acetate solution have been developed with fluorine-blended SnO2 (FTO) auxiliaries. support material using spray pyrolysis for use into dye-sensitation solar cells (DSCs). Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) profiles indicate that pure TiO2 and SMT exhibit the same crystal structure. Optical absorption studies do not indicate a significant absorption difference between SMT and pure TiO2. Impedance measurements reveal that ZnO covered on TiO2 nanoparticles increase particular exterior imepedance also suppress about reverse transmission from photo-induced electron emmiting with SMT to the electrolyzer. Surface morphology and surface fundamental study were performed using FE-SEM, field emission scanning electron microscopy and EDX, energy dissipation X-ray spectroscopy. The photo electrochemical (J-V curves) values of DSCs for pure SMT and TiO2 thin films have been relatively investigated. Outstanding results display such that about ...