The patterns of maxillofacial fractures in traumatic head injury patients in Songklanagarind hospital: a retrospective study (original) (raw)

Background: Maxillofacial injury was usually found in low to middle countries moreover it commonly associated with brain injury, the major etiological factors are tra c collision, violence, and fall from hight. The incidence and etiology was important to developed treatment moreover to improve patient care in the future. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of the pattern of maxillofacial fracture in a patient with a traumatic head injury and to measure the incidence of the cause of injury, age, and gender distribution Methods: This is a retrospective study in Songhklanagarind hospital. We evaluate all patients who presented with a concomitant maxillofacial and traumatic head injury in Songklanagarind hospital between 2007 and 2016. Results: 859 patients consisting of 73.3% male and 22.7% female. The mean age was 39.5 years.The severity of the traumatic head injury was mild traumatic head injury 70.15%. Moreover the alcohol consumption was signi cantly related to a mild and severe traumatic head injury (P < 0.05). The most frequent was maxilla bone. 33.9% of patients were undergone the operation. Conclusion: In this retrospective study, the maxilla bone fracture was the most frequent site involved. The patients with mild traumatic head injury are related to the coronoid process of mandible, Le Fort fracture type II and type III, moderate traumatic head injury is only related to the coronoid process of mandible and severe traumatic head injury are related to Le Fort fracture type II and III. Keyword: traumatic head injury, maxillofacial fracture Background Maxillofacial injuries frequently occur among patients with acute traumatic head injuries. The major etiological factors are tra c collision, violence and fall. 1-4 Regarding the etiology, patients in Amsterdam mostly suffered from frontal sinus fracture 1 , with mandibular fracture being the most common in tertiary trauma centers. 3,5,6 Maxillofacial fractures are often associated with multiple injuries to the cranium, especially following high energy trauma. Understanding of the demographic patterns of maxillofacial injuries will assist health care providers as they plan and manage the treatment of traumatic maxillofacial injuries. Such epidemiological information can also be used to guide future ndings and prevention. The aims of this retrospective study were meant to evaluate the patterns of maxillofacial fractures in patients with traumatic head injuries, as well as to identify the prevalence of cause of injury, age and gender distribution. Methods The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University (REC number 59-293-10-4), we evaluated all patients who presented with concomitant maxillofacial and traumatic head injuries in Songklanagarind hospital; between January, 2007 and October, 2016. Data collected included: history, physical examination and radiographic evaluation. Data was collected from the medical records division by using search terms from ICD-10 version 2015. Patients aged over 17 years old with traumatic head injuries were diagnosed and referred for consultation to a neurosurgeon for evaluation. Therefore, all of the neurological data were based on CT results, performed by neurosurgeons. Exclusion criteria were any head injury with non-skull related injury, such as spine, and patients who were classi ed as a low risk of mild TBI and medial of orbital wall fracture. Information concerning age, gender, socioeconomic activity, cause of injury, pattern of maxillofacial injury, severity of traumatic head injury and hospitalization periods were obtained. The causes of injury were summarized as follows: motorcycle accidents, car accidents, falls, assaults, sport-related injuries and others. Maxillofacial bone fractures were