Neuropsychological functioning is associated with characteristics of monosymtomatic nocturnal enuresis (original) (raw)
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Nocturnal enuresis and related behavioral problems in children
International journal of health sciences
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate how the prevalence of emotional and behavioural issues in a sample of Egyptian youngsters relates to nocturnal enuresis. Methods:The Center of Social and Preventive Medicine at Cairo University's Enuresis specialised outpatient clinic served as the source of 200 of the youngsters for this cross-sectional study. Children in the NE varied in age from 5 to 14 years; their mean age was 8.6 2.3 years. There were just as many boys and girls among the children. Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire was used to evaluate behavioural problems (SDQ). Results: When it comes to emotional scale, 37% of participants fall into the abnormal category, and 41% were labelled abnormal when it comes to hyperactivity and inattention. Although 34% of the individuals reported aberrant scores for all issues, boy's average scores were significantly higher. the existence of behavioural and emotional issues in a sample Females scored lower on the...
Nocturnal enuresis: etiology, management and the impact on different age groups
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2021
Nocturnal enuresis or night time incontinence is a common condition that usually affects children and can be associated with significant psychological effects on the affected child if left untreated. It can be defined as night time wetting of the bed that usually occurs in children that are ≥5 years old. In this literature review, the aim was to discuss the etiology and management of nocturnal enuresis and the impact of the condition on the different age groups. Management of the underlying comorbidities, taking care of the overactive bladder and dealing with the potential psychological conditions might be the main key factors to nocturnal enuresis. Many pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches have been proposed for these patients. However, the success rates of applying behavioral management approaches have been reported to be the highest as compared to other approaches. Early interventions should be applied for children that have multiple risk factors or with parents tha...
The Relations between Enuresis in Childhood and Nocturnal Polyuria Syndrome in Adult Life
International Neurourology Journal, 2012
The aim of this study, to investigate whether there is any association between enuresis in childhood and nocturnal polyuria syndrome (NPS) in adult life. Methods: The study consisted of thirty five patients with nocturnal polyuria, and thirty five healthy people without nocturnal polyuria in adult life, were asked to assess their enuresis in childhood. Results: There was a history of enuresis in childhood in 18 (51.42%) of 35 of men with nocturnal polyuria and in 4 (11.42%) of 35 without nocturnal polyuria. Enuresis in childhood was significantly more common in men with nocturnal polyuria than without nocturnal polyuria. The difference was significant (P<0.0001). The prevalence of enuresis in the nocturnal polyuria (51.42%) was more than twofold higher than reported prevalence in general populations. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the history of enuresis in childhood seems to increase the risk of having NPS in adult life. This relationship should be taken into account in the evaluation of men with complaints from NPS in adult life and the possible common pathophysiology should be considered in the treatment planning.
Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 1971
Statistically significant contrasts of ratings of enuretics, dry-organics, and wet-organics (defined after exhaustive urological examination) revealed that the enuretic group had the poorest adjustment at school, more sibling rivalry, more anger and dissatisfaction, more parental conflict, more parental inconsistency, less trust in parents, and less exposure to good training procedures. Results were integrated under the hypothesis that three conditions are necessary for bedwetting to persist: (a) the child feels insecure in the specific sense that he feels he has been or is about to be abandoned; (b) the feeling of abandonment must occur during the critical age range of 2 1/2 to 5 years; and (c) the child expects or experiences that the adult reaction to bedwetting reassures him against abandonment. The symptoms of poor relations with peers, poor adjustment at school, and anger and dissatisfaction are not directly related to enuresis; rather, they, like enuresis, are correlates of the insecurity arising from fear of abandonment. The hypothesis that bedwetting is associated with fear of abandonment was confirmed on a sample of 40 normal pediatric outpatient children and 26 children from a residential treatment center. Significant findings were: (a) children having experienced separation from an important child-caring person between ages 2 1/2 and 5 had more bedwetting than those having had no separations or having had them out of the critical age range; (b) fear of abandonment was greatest in the group having had separation experience during the critical age range of 2 1/2 to 5; and (c) fear of abandonment was higher in bedwetters than in children who did not wet the bed at night.
Primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: an etiological study
The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery
Background: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a very common chronic pediatric problem with bad psychological consequences. Methods: Forty primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) children and 20 healthy controls were recruited in the study and subjected to history taking, neurological and urological examinations, and psychological assessment using the Arabic-translated and validated version of child behavior checklist, sleep architecture studying through onenight polysomnography (PSG), and vasopressin levels determination both diurnal and nocturnal. Results: Enuretic children had positive family history of NE in 42.5%, inverted vasopressin circadian rhythm in 52.5% and PSG changes in the form of increased N3 deep sleep % of total sleep time (TST), sleep stage transition index (SSTI), periodic limb movement index (PLMI), and snore index. Enuretic children PSG showed decreased deep sleep latency, N1% of TST, N2% of TST, and REM % of TST. The child behavior checklist showed higher anxious depressed symptoms, social problem, attention problems, and internalizing problems in enuretic children than control subjects. Conclusions: MNE is a heterogeneous disorder with multiple factors interplay in its pathogenesis. So, the management must be tailored patient by patient according to the dominating etiology.
Nocturnal enuresis: a comorbid condition
Jornal de Pediatria, 2019
Achieving continence is an important physiological and developmental milestone for all children; day-and night-time bladder control is normally achieved by the chronological age of 5 years. Nocturnal enuresis (NE), or night-time wetting, is the most common form of childhood functional incontinence. According to the International Children's Continence Society, NE is defined as intermittent incontinence that occurs during periods of sleep with a minimum of one episode per month for at least three months. Frequent enuresis occurs ≥4×/week and infrequent enuresis, <4×/week. Subtypes include primary, secondary (relapse after a dry period of at least six months), and monosymptomatic NE (MNE); no lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), or bladder dysfunction, or non-monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NMNE) in the presence of LUTS. 1 Underlying causal factors for NE are nocturnal polyuria and/or reduced nocturnal bladder capacity, giving rise to the need to void during sleep. Superimposed difficulties of arousal and inability to wake result in bedwetting. Prevalence data from around the globe (including the Brazilian birth cohort presented by Mota et al. in this journal) reveals that enuresis rates reduce with age, from approximately
Nocturnal Enuresis Is Associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Conduct Problems
Psychiatry Investigation, 2013
Elimination disorder consists of enuresis and encopresis. Both conditions are very distressful to children and their family members. Enuresis involves repeated voiding of urine onto clothes or bedclothes that persists beyond the normative age of maturation of urinary control. Encopresis is involuntary fecal soiling in children who have already been toilet trained. The prevalence estimates of enuresis 1-16 and encopresis 15,17-19 are highly variable, with a range of 3.8% 3 to 24% 6 for enuresis and 0.1% 15 to 3% 19 for encopresis. The disparate estimates can be accounted for primarily by Copyright © 2013 Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 253 differences in enuresis definitions found in the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems-10th Edition (ICD-10), 20 the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd Edition (DSM-III), 21 the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV), 22 and the International Children's Continence Society (ICCS). 23 The DSM-III and ICD-10 require a bed-wetting frequency of twice per month in the past 3 months for children ages 5 and 6 years, and once per month in the past 3 months for children ages 7 years or older; the DSM-IV requires a bed-wetting frequency of twice per week for 3 consecutive months or the presence of clinically significant distress or impairment, irrespective of the age of the child. According to the ICSS, enuresis or (intermittent) nocturnal incontinence is defined as at least one wet night per month. Higher rates of enuresis were observed in population-based epidemiological studies that applied the less stringent DSM-III criteria, 4,5 ICD-10 criteria, 12,15 or ICSS definition. 6,13 In addition to different diagnostic criteria, differences in the age range and ethnicity of children and cultural differences may also explain the varying prevalence estimates of enuresis across different