Interventions to improve supervised contact visits between children in out of home care and their parents: a systematic review (original) (raw)

Abstract

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This systematic review examines the evidence regarding supervised contact visits between children in out-of-home care (OOHC) and their parents, aiming to assist policy makers in critiquing and improving these practices. The review identifies the primary purpose of contact as supporting relationships between children and their parents, highlights concerns about the lack of empirical basis for prescribed frequencies of contact, and emphasizes the need for individualized approaches and quality supervision. Key findings indicate that inclusive decision-making and specialized training for all parties involved are vital for the development of effective contact visit programs.

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What were the primary benefits identified for children in OOHC maintaining contact with parents?add

The review indicates that maintaining contact supports children's emotional and psychological well-being, enhances their understanding of family identity, and can facilitate reunification. Specifically, quality contact was correlated with improved well-being outcomes, including higher stability in placements.

How did the legislative changes since the 1990s impact contact frequency for children in OOHC?add

Legislation updates, especially the UK Children Act and ACT Children and Young People Act, contributed to broader recognition of children's rights to maintain parent relationships, leading to a fourfold increase in contact frequency. However, subsequent legislative restrictions have complicated the ability of courts to dictate arrangements for permanent care children.

What role does supervised contact play in the relationship between child safety and familial ties?add

Supervised contact is designed to ensure child safety while facilitating family reunification, balancing the need to mitigate risks with the necessity of maintaining parent-child relationships. Many studies indicate a mixed impact, where poor quality supervision can lead to negative emotional outcomes for children.

What evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of supervised versus supported contact in OOHC?add

The review highlights a lack of comprehensive studies distinguishing supervised from supported contact, but notes that around 50% of children in kinship care experience supervised contacts compared to higher rates in foster care. Supervised contact showed mixed findings in maintaining the quality of parent-child relationships.

How does the age of children in OOHC influence decisions regarding contact with parents?add

Research suggests that younger children are more likely to have supervised contact due to their vulnerability, with decisions about visits needing tailored approaches based on developmental needs. Older children may require different strategies as their needs and ability to process contact change.

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