Anthropological analysis of a skeleton of the Lublin-Wołyń culture from Książnice, site 2, the Pacanów Commune, the county of Busko Zdrój - studies conducted in 2004 (original) (raw)

2006, Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

Grave no. 5 (object 1/2004) of the Lublin-Wołyń culture, whose archeological description can be found in S. Wilk' s article included in the present volume, contained a completely preserved skeleton which was partly secondarily mechanically damaged. The skull is massively built and heavily carved (Fig. 1). It is very narrow and greatly elongated (the cranial index = 65.4), of an average height (the height-length indexpo = 59.8, 6o.7r), well vaulted (the height-breadth indexpo = 91.4, 92.8r). In the upper projection, it reveals poor asymmetry in the anterior part: the left supraorbital region is receding. In the upper part of the frontal squama and along the sagittal suture there can be seen a characteristic, protruding cranial vault. The faintly prominent parietal tubers are shifted to the back of the cranial vault. In the initial part of the sagittal suture there is visible a slight lowering of the skull profile, whereas its considerably deeper lowering can be seen in the more distal section of this suture, above the lambda point. Temporal lines are faintly marked and are visible only on the frontal squama; the frontal incisure is shallow. The forehead is wide (the fronto-parietal index = 74.3), moderately inclined; frontal tubers are faintly marked, situated laterally; the glabella is very prominent, the superciliary arches are visibly protruding in the medial part. The occiput is protruding, especially in the upper part of the squama. The flat, slanting nuchal plane is strongly carved. The external occipital protuberance has a tongue-like form; upper nuchal lines form a bilaterally arched bony cast reaching as far as the asterion point. Mastoid processes (partly secondarily damaged) are large, widely laterally developed. Cranial sutures are internally obliterated; externally, the obliteration partly covers the sagittal suture, as well as the frontoparietal and the occipitoparietal suture.