Research Regarding the Influence Density on the Hemp Seed Productions (Cannabis Sativa L.) (original) (raw)
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Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture, 2015
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) was used for textile and cordage more than 4000 years. The cultivation of industrial hemp declined in the 19th century but it remains one of the oldest crops in history. Despite of the decline, nowadays interest for this crop has recently been renewed within various European countries (Roman et al., 2012). The aim of the research is to observe the evolution of production values and physical parameters (MMB-grain) under the influence of different seeding space and organic fertilization level recorded in some hemp varieties approved in Romania, with a low level of THC.
Study of the Correlation of Some Growth Parameters at Dioecious Hemp
2022
The present paper deals with the study of the correlation of some growth parameters to 10 bioecotypes of dioecious hemp (Cannabis sativa L) at A.R.D.S. Lovrin. Ten bioecotypes were studied, four of which are established varieties created at A.R.D.S. Lovrin (Lovrin-110, Silvana, Armanca și Teodora) and six perspective lines (Zak-127xLv-110, Lv-428/01, S33/08 R, Lv-434x406CS/04, S354/15, Lv-149 CS/16). From the existing biological material, the dioecious hemp variety Silvana was chosen as a control. A monofactorial experience, having as a factor the existing biological material, was placed in the field of the laboratory for the improvement of dioecious hemp. The four parameters studied and presented are: the total length of the plant, the length of the inflorescence, the technical length and the diameter of the stem of the hemp plants, parameters that were influenced by the climatic conditions of the studied years 2020-2021. Compared to the blank variant, five of the six lines of perspective stand out in terms of the superiority of the technical length of the stem, two of them with very significant positive differences, statistically provided for the probability of transgression 0,1 %.
Journal of Ecological Engineering
The oil content of hemp seeds is controlled by the genotype and in the conducted studies did not depend on the growing technology; however, this factor had a synergistic effect with others. The protein content of hemp seeds during the years of research did not depend on weather conditions. Like other quality indicators, it had a slight variation, which indicates the significant role of the genetic characteristics of the varieties. On average, over the years of research, the protein content of the variants grown according to conventional technology was 25.2%, and according to transitional technology, it was 0.03% higher, which was within the limits of statistical error. The organic technology ensured the protein content at the level of 25.3%, and the use of the BioStymix-Niva microbial biodegrader-biodestructor contributed to the further growth of the indicator to 25.4%. The oil content of hemp seeds is not limited by other important characteristics, such as the yield of the hemp stems or the fiber content. Only the Glyana variety showed inverse correlations with plant height, hemp stems and seed productivity, they were of medium strength (r =-0.60-0.43). In the Zolotoniski 15 variety, only one inverse relationship was recorded, i.e. plant height (r =-0.57). No correlation was established between protein content and oil content in seeds. Correlations may change depending on other factors of cultivation, including weather conditions, elements of technology, etc., but the evaluation of varieties for cultivation according to these characteristics can significantly increase the efficiency of the production of cannabis products.
Herba Polonica
Summary Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) attracts increasing interest of growers, in relation to both industrial and medical purposes. Construction is the most promising area of the economy for hemp, and specifically, the fast-growing production of insulation and bio-composite materials. The most significant factors affecting the final yield of hemp seeds and biomass include: climatic factors, i.e. influence of weather conditions that determines the content of cannabinoids in plants; genetic predisposition of the variety used as well as agrotechnical factors. The article provides information on the botanical characteristics of fiber hemp, hemp cultivation area, Polish monoecious varieties of industrial hemp, hemp's agricultural requirements, including: the demand for macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium); choice of soil, pioneer crop, and field preparation; sowing timing and density; harvest time; water conditions; heat and light requirements for hemp. The...
Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference
The investigation on hemp fibre quantity and quality as influenced by genotype and seed rate was carried out at the Upytė Experimental Station Lithuanian of the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry in 2014. Bi-factorial trial was carried out: Factor A – variety (A1 – USO 31; A2 – Bialobrzeskie); Factor B – sowing rate (B1 – 45 kg ha-1; B2 – 70 kg ha-1). Data showed that variety (genotype) had a significant influence on fibre content (after dew-retting as well after water-retting) – it was higher for variety Bialobrzeskie and amounted to 37.2 and 34.5%, respectively. Seed rate (or crop density) did not show significant influence neither on fibre content nor on fibre quality (flexibility, strength) parameters.
Physical and mechanical properties of hemp seed
A b s t r a c t. The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of moisture content on the post-harvest physical and mechanical properties of hemp seed in the range of 5.39 to 27.12% d.b. Results showed that the effect of moisture content on the most physical properties of the grain was significant (P<0.05). The results of mechanical tests demonstrated that the effect of loading rate on the mechanical properties of hemp seed was not significant. However, the moisture content effect on rupture force and energy was significant (P<0.01).The lowest value of rupture force was obtained at the highest loading rate (3mm min -1 ) and in the moisture content of 27.12% d.b. Moreover, the interaction effects of loading rate and moisture content on the rupture force and energy of hemp seed were significant (P<0.05).
Crop physiology of fibre hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)
1994
Fibre hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) may be an alternative to wood as a raw material for the production of paper pulp. The effects of environmental factors and cultural measures on the functioning, yield and quality of fibre hemp crops in the Netherlands were investigated. Until flowering (generally in August), the radiation use efficiency (RUE, above-ground dry matter accumulated per unit of photosynthetically active radiation intercepted) of hemp was 2.2 g MJ"1, after flowering it dropped to 1.1 g MJ"1. This reduction was mainly caused by senescence, resulting in a lower rate of canopy photosynthesis. When flowering was prevented by artificial daylength extension the RUE remained high throughout September, and stem dry matter yield was increased by 2.7 t ha"1. Breeding late-flowering hemp seems a promising stategy to improve the stem yield potential of hemp. Hemp grows at low temperatures, its base temperature is 1 °C for leaf appearance, and 2.5 °C for canopy establishment. Thermal time is a simple and accurate tool to describe leaf appearance and light interception in field-grown fibre hemp. Hemp is grown at high plant densities to improve stem quality and to increase the allocation of above-ground dry matter to the stem. However, in dense hemp crops self-thinning (density-induced mortality) may occur, causing losses of dry matter. It was established that in fibre hemp optimum plant density is approximated by the highest density possible without inducing self-thinning. During self-thinning an increase in biomass is accompanied by a reduction in plant density, consequently, in fibre hemp optimum plant density is a function of yield. N fertilization affected self-thinning: at similar above-ground dry matter, a higher plant density was sustained at 80 than at 200 kg N ha"1. The reduced mortality at the low nitrogen level resulted from a shift from mainly competition for light, which enhances differences in plant size, to competition for nutrients, which does not give large plants a disproportionate advantage over small plants. Variability of both weight and height of hemp plants was higher at 200 than at 80 kg ha"1 N, and more suppressed plants were present at 200 than at 80 kg ha"1 N. Sexual dimorphism contributed to variability of height and weight, but the effects were smaller than those of nitrogen fertilization. It is concluded that fibre hemp may be an interesting 'new' crop for arable farmers in the Netherlands: hemp may be profitable, its stems potentially have a large non-food market, the crop requires little or no biocide and suppresses weeds and some major soil-borne diseases.
Engineering for Rural Development, 2017
Nowadays the industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) becomes an attractive plant due to its multiple uses. In 2016 the cultivated area of this plant in Lithuania was close to 2.5 thousand hectares. The main interest areas in this plant are valuable seeds, fibre and hurds, cannbinoides and essential oils, and, of course, energy potential. The investigation of hemp biomass and chemical composition was carried out at the Upytė Experimental Station of LRCAF in 2014. The data showed that both factors had significant influence on hemp fresh and totally dry above-ground biomass. Notwithstanding that the amount of C, N, C/N, S, K, Na, crude ash and the calorific value were evaluated, the tested factors did not show any significant influence on the tested parameters (chemical composition).
TEKSTILEC
The importance of industrial hemp as a source of highly valuable textile fi bres is briefl y presented through its use for textiles and composites and its increasing cultivated areas in the 21 st century. On the territory of present Slovenia, about 160 ha of agricultural area was cultivated with hemp before WWII, then it quickly began to decline and at the end of the 1970s, it was no longer cultivated. Revitalization of industrial hemp in Slovenia with fi eld experiments started already in the years 2000/2001 for producing seeds, whereas hemp fi bres were used only as an insulation for buildings. The textile technological properties of hemp fi bres from diff erent varieties grown in Slovenia have not been examined till now. They are important for using hemp fi bres in highly valuable textile products. The properties of green hemp fi bres extracted mechanically from non-retted hemp stems of Cannabis sativa L. var. sativa (varieties: Novosadska, Juso-11, Bialobrzeskie, Unico-B and Beniko) were determined. All the analysed varieties except Beniko had stem height over 200 cm. The highest yield of green fi bres was 33.1% (Novosadska). The analysed green fi bres' content was 1.24-3.26% of ash, 7.77-8.50% of moisture regain, 10.69-13.92% of water-soluble substances and 8.45-10.83% of pectin. Through a biodegradation process of retting green hemp fi bres in tap water at temperature 35°C, 9.01-18.89% of dry mass was removed after ten days. Average linear density of green hemp fi bres was very high, around 200 tex. Tenacity of fi bres' bundles was in the range of 167-272 MPa, but tenacity of elementary fibres was 548-672 MPa. From the curves of specifi c stress-strain, it is seen that green hemp fi bres from all fi ve varieties had similar superstructure. All analysed green hemp fi bres had high linear density and low mechanical properties. For textile application, they should be further processed into fi ner fi bres in order to increase their tensile stress and become also more fl exible and soft. Keywords: Cannabis sativa, non-retted hemp fi bres, green hemp fi bres, hemp in Slovenia, revitalization of industrial hemp