Overhead Collision Alerts and Overhead-obstacle Aware Navigation Planning Using Onboard Sensors and Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication (original) (raw)

Warning systems evaluation for overhead clearance detection : final report

2017

This study reports on off-the-shelf systems designed to detect the heights of vehicles to minimize or eliminate collisions with roadway bridges. Implemented systems were identified, reviewed, and compared and relatively inexpensive options recommended. Systems for the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) should be able to effectively detect vehicle heights to prevent collisions with low-clearance bridges. Systems were classified in three main categories: passive (rigid or nonrigid), active, or combined. Each system had its own advantages and disadvantages. Since user needs and desired classification results may differ, the authors focused on advantages that specifically serve the interests of GDOT. Some systems have extra functionalities, such as vehicle-type classification, detection of the vehicle's height and length, and photographic acquisition of license plate information. However, some of the implemented solutions are costly and may not target GDOT's particular needs. Therefore, the study identifies the few adequate, cost-effective, and efficient systems that clearly meet those needs.

Cooperative Collision Warning Systems: Concept Definition and Experimental Implementation

Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2007

The concept of cooperative collision warning (CCW) systems is introduced and explained, followed by presentation of experimental results showing the performance of a first prototype CCW system. The CCW concept provides warnings or situation awareness displays to drivers based on information about the motions of neighboring vehicles obtained by wireless communications from those vehicles, without use of any ranging sensors. This has the advantages of a potentially inexpensive complement of onboard vehicle equipment (compared to ranging sensors that could provide 360 degree coverage), as well as providing information from vehicles that may be occluded from direct line of sight to the approaching vehicle. The CCW concept has been tested on a fleet of five prototype vehicles, supporting a variety of safety services (forward collision warning, blind spot and lane change situation awareness and several modes of intersection threat assessment). The performance of the vehicle position estimation and wireless communication subsystems are demonstrated using samples of experimental data from test sites with both good and bad GPS signal availability.

Development of a VII-enabled prototype intersection collision warning system

International Journal of Internet Protocol Technology, 2009

This paper presents the design of a prototype intersection collision warning system based on Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII). This system involves Roadside Equipment (RSE) at an intersection and several units of On-Board Equipment (OBE), each in a moving vehicle. When an equipped vehicle approaches the intersection, its OBE queries the remaining time before the light turns red from the RSE which is synchronised with the intersection signal. Combining its own speed and position, the OBE determines the likelihood of running the red light. In case of such a hazard, the OBE warns its driver and notifies other OBEs wirelessly.

The COVCRAV project: Architecture and design of a cooperative V2V crash avoidance system

Procedia Computer Science, 2019

Systems capable of warning motorists against hazardous driving conditions are extremely useful for next-generation cooperative situational awareness and collision avoidance systems. In this paper, we present some preliminary results related to the COVCRAV project which aims to develop an on-board Road Hazard Signaling (RHS) system based on a crowd-apprising model. Unlike other approaches that rely on the automatic detection of dangerous situations via onboard sensors or warning messages received from roadside units, our approach enables drivers to interact directly with a touchscreen Driver Vehicle Interface (DVI) to notify nearby vehicles about the presence of a hazardous driving situation based on many high-value safety use-cases. We describe our RHS application and highlight the key functions provided by the originating and the receiving ITS applications. We also provide some details regarding the design aspects and system architecture of the proposed system.

Highway Chain Collision Avoidance Using Inter-Vehicular Communications

Statistics show that about 23% of all vehicle crashes per year are rear-end collisions. In most cases, these accidents are due to the sudden decrease in the speed of the front vehicle and insufficient time for the rear vehicles to decrease their speed. This is usually the consequence of limited view span of the driver and thus failure to react at the proper time. The issue exacerbates in today’s high-speed highways in which several fast-moving vehicles move consecutively in one line. In such situations sudden decrease in the speed of one vehicle may result in a chain collision. Due to limited coverage and functionality, current vehicle safety systems like sensor and radars fail to extend the view span of the drivers as desired. Therefore, recently taking advantage of vehicular short communications is attracting lots of interest among car manufactures and academic bodies. In this paper, we use the test-bed of the CVT-Project (Connected Vehicle Technology Project) to investigate the amount of success of inter-vehicle communications (based on IEEE 1609/WAVE standard) in chain collision avoidance. We first implement a multi-hop safety message dissemination algorithm through which approaching vehicles can be informed about sudden speed reductions (e.g., collisions) in a timely manner. In comparison to drivers’ perception which is simply based on brake-light of the front vehicle, the above-mentioned message dissemination buys some time for the drivers to react timely. Our results suggest that inter-vehicle communication technology contributes significantly in decreasing the probability of chain collision occurrence. Furthermore the number of vehicles involved in the accident is decreased noticeably. We also show that the severity of accident is reduced significantly by even 50% technology penetration.

An error correction algorithm for forward collision warning applications

2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), 2016

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are based on the intelligence placed on roadside units and onboard vehicles. ITS technologies, like connected cars, improve road safety by having vehicles communicating with each other, with the infrastructure, or both. The communication uses the 5.9 GHz band, called Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC), and protocols defined in the Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) architecture. This paper evaluates, through practical experiments with latest on-board units (OBUs), the performance of a forward collision warning (FCW) application operating in the DSRC control channel number 178. The application uses location information provided by an internal high-precision GPS to calculate the safe braking distance from a vehicle moving towards a stationary vehicle. Experiments were conducted at speeds of 30, 40, 50 and 60 km/h with a GPS update rate of 5 Hz. Our results show a margin of error below 1%, demonstrating the required reliability to forward collision avoidance applications.

Development of a Passing Collision Warning System Prototype for Overtaking Trucks on Two-Lane Highways

2018

Passing collisions are one of the most serious traffic safety problems on two-lane highways. These collisions occur when the driver cannot correctly assess the situation. This paper provides the framework design for a passing collision warning system (PCWS) that assists drivers, avoiding passing collisions on two-lane highways by reducing the probability of human error. The system uses sensors to identify the impeding vehicle type and to detect opposing vehicles travelling in on the oncoming lane. The objectives of this research are: (1) to design driving simulator experiments for data collection to calculate passing parameters, (2) to develop the PCWS algorithm based on camera and radar sensors' signals for the detection of a truck (impeding vehicle), (3) to develop a the driver handling model that describes situations, in which steering wheel action is necessary for lane changes and maneuver interruptions, and (4) to develop SUV and articulated vehicle dynamic models which are...

Vehicle to vehicle communications applied to road intersection safety, field results

13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2010

Road intersections represent one of the most complex configurations encountered when traversing road networks. A high percentage of accidents occur at these locations. The introduction of wireless communications technologies onboard passenger vehicles is enabling the sharing of information and through it enhancing the situational awareness of vehicle drivers. In this paper the implementation of safety applications for cooperative vehicle systems is presented applied to road intersection safety. The system relies on three fundamental technologies: communications, localization and the modelling of the environment surrounding the subject vehicle. The paper centres in a case study, the priority crossing of an Emergency Service Vehicle at an intersection. An analysis of the issues identified during the implementation and testing is included. The implementation represents an instance of the architecture developed for cooperative vehicles applications as part of the European project, SAFESPOT.

AN ALGORITHM FOR REAR-END COLLISION AVOIDANCE WARNING SYSTEMS

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), supported by The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL), has developed an algorithm for use with rear-end collision avoidance systems that alerts drivers to potentially dangerous driving situations and the need to take evasive action. This algorithm is to be integrated into a General Motors (GM) developed collision warning system for use during the Automotive Collision Avoidance System (ACAS) Field Operational Test (FOT).