Chest Ultrasound Helps to Diagnose Pulmonary Consolidations in Pediatric Patients (original) (raw)
Related papers
Performance of chest ultrasound in pediatric pneumonia
European Journal of Radiology, 2017
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of ultrasound in detecting lung consolidation in children suspected of pneumonia, in comparison to the current gold standard, chest X-rays. Materials and methods: From September 2013 to June 2014, a monocentric prospective study was performed on all children between 0 and 16 years-old, referred for chest X-ray for suspected pneumonia. Each child was examined by chest ultrasound by an examiner blinded to the chest X-ray. The presence or absence of areas of consolidation, their number and location were noted for each technique. The size of the consolidations identified only on ultrasound was compared with that of consolidations visible on both techniques. Results: 143 children (mean age 3 years; limits between 8 days and 14 years) were included. Ultrasound detected at least one area of consolidation in 44 out of 45 patients with positive X-rays. Of the 59 areas of consolidation on X-ray, ultrasound identified 54. In the 8 patients with negative X-ray, ultrasound revealed 17 areas of consolidation. The mean size of consolidations visible only on ultrasound was 9.4 mm; for consolidations visible on both techniques the mean size was 26 mm (p < 0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound were calculated at 98% and 92%. PPV and NPV were 85% and 99%, respectively. Conclusion: Chest ultrasound is a fast, non-ionizing and feasible technique. With its high negative predictive value, it can replace X-rays in order to exclude lung consolidation in children, thus reducing radiation exposure in this population.
Point-of-care Lung Ultrasound in Pediatric Pneumonia
Pediatric Infectious Disease, 2021
Pneumonia has remained the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Timely diagnosis and prompt treatment can avert many deaths; however, diagnosis of pneumonia in children still remains a challenge. Chest radiography has been widely used worldwide to diagnose pneumonia in children; however, in recent times, lung ultrasound (LUS) is emerging as a useful tool to diagnose pneumonia. The ease of performing LUS, its bedside availability, no exposure to ionizing radiation, and allowance of real-time monitoring of patients make LUS an attractive tool for the intensivists. In this article, we would elaborate the ultrasound equipment, the technique, normal artifacts, and various sonographic patterns of pneumonia in children. The LUS features of various complications of pneumonia like pleural effusion and pneumothorax will also be discussed. This article also summarizes the current evidence of using LUS in the diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia along with the strengths and limitations of this technique.
Lung Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Childhood Pneumonia
The Indian journal of chest diseases & allied sciences, 2022
Background. Chest radiograph is presently considered the investigation of choice for diagnosing pneumonia in children. Lung ultrasonogaphy has evolved as a useful alternative technique as it avoids exposure to ionising radiation, is easy to perform at the child's bedside and takes little time to conduct. Lung ultrasonography was done in 100 children with clinical suspicion of pneumonia by a radiologist. Chest radiograph was interpreted by another radiologist who had no knowledge of the lung ultrasonography findings. Findings were recorded as positive or negative for pneumonia, on both the imaging modalities. The time taken for lung ultrasonography was also recorded. Considering chest radiograph as the reference standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of lung ultrasonography were calculated. Results. The mean time taken to conduct lung ultrasound in children was 6.4 minutes. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of lung ultrasonography in detecting pneumonic consolidation was 91%, 73%, 64.5% and 83.3%, respectively. Performing lung ultrasonography has a short learning curve. Lung ultrasonography appears to be a good alternative to chest radiograph as the investigation of choice for the diagnosis of pneumonia in children.
Ultrasound imaging of pneumonia
Ultrasound in medicine & …, 1995
One hundred forty-three consecutive patients with clinically and radiologically confirmed pneumonia were examined by ultrasound. In 127 cases (g&8%), a consolidation could be visual&d in the sonogram. Eight patients (5.6%) had a pleural effusion only. The remaining eight (5.6%) had no pathological findings. The characteristic features of pneumonia were a hypoechoic consolidation with numerous small hyperechoic structures (112 patients, 88.1%) and a blurred margin. In eight cases abscess formation could be detected and treated by ultrasound-guided drainage. We conclude that sonography can visualise pneumonic consolidations in a high percentage, and gives additional information concerning the diagnosis, follow-up and treatment of pneumonia.
Lung ultrasound in the diagnosis and monitoring of community acquired pneumonia in children
Respiratory Medicine, 2015
Lung ultrasound (LUS) is as an easily accessible, radiation-free imaging technique that might be used as a diagnostic tool in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness and accuracy of LUS in the diagnosis and monitoring of childhood CAP. One hundred six consecutive children aged between 1 and 213 (median 52.5) months referred to the hospital with suspicion of CAP were enrolled. All patients underwent LUS on the day of admission, followed by chest radiograph (CXR). Lung ultrasound was also performed in 25 children between 5th-7th and 31 children between 10th-14th day after admission. Radiographic signs of pneumonia were demonstrated in 76 children, while lung ultrasound revealed pulmonary abnormalities consistent with pneumonia in 71 children. LUS gave false negative results in 5 patients with parahilar pulmonary infiltrates demonstrated by CXR. Almost perfect overall agreement between LUS and CXR was found in terms of pneumonia diagnosis (Cohen kappa coefficient of 0.89). The diagnostic performance of LUS in demonstration of lung involvement was as follows: sensitivity of 93.4%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 85.7% and accuracy of 95.3%. Our study showed that LUS is a sensitive and highly specific diagnostic method in children with CAP. Therefore, LUS may be considered as the first imaging test in children with suspicion of CAP. A diagnostic algorithm of CAP which includes LUS should be validated in prospective studies. Lung ultrasound can also be used to follow-up resolution of pneumonic lesions.
Utility of lung ultrasound in childhood pneumonia in a tertiary care center
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2020
Background: Pneumonia is a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity worldwide. Chest radiography has been used as a modality for diagnosing but has the disadvantage of radiation exposure and inter-observer variability. Hence studies have explored the possibility of using lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of pneumonia. To assess lung ultrasound (LUS) findings in childhood pneumonia and to correlate lung ultrasound findings with clinical findings.Methods: 210 children between 2 months to 5 years admitted in the hospital with diagnosis of pneumonia were enrolled in the study. They underwent LUS within 24 hours of admission and the results were analysed.Results: Out of the 210 patients enrolled in the study, 41 (19.5%) had positive LUS findings. However, LUS findings correlated well with clinical findings in cases with very severe pneumonia.Conclusions: This study showed that lung ultrasound cannot be used a sole diagnostic tool in childhood pneumonia, but it has a valuable role ...
Lung ultrasound in children, WFUMB review paper (part 2)
Medical Ultrasonography
Ultrasound (US) is an ideal diagnostic tool for paediatric patients owning to its high spatial and temporal resolution, real-time imaging, and lack of ionizing radiation and bedside availability. In the current World Federation of Societies for Ultra-sound in Medicine and Biology (WFUMB) paper series so far (part I) the topic has been introduced and the technical require-ments explained. In the present paper the use of US in the lung in paediatric patients is analysed. Lung diseases including the interstitial syndrome, bacterial pneumonia and viral infections, CoViD findings, atelectasis, lung consolidation, bronchiolitis and congenital diseases of the respiratory system including congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) and sequester but also pneumothorax are discussed.
2020
Background: Pneumonia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in childhood with a higher burden in developing countries. Diagnosis relies on clinical findings with supporting evidence from chest X-ray (CXR) and occasionally chest computed tomography (CT). Aim of the work: The aim of this study was to assess the role of lung ultrasonography (LUS) for bedside diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia in comparison to chest CT as a gold standard. Methods: The study was performed on 50 children admitted to Cairo University Children’s Hospitals. All children presented with the classical clinical picture of pneumonia and did CXR, LUS and chest CT. Results: Radiological findings demonstrated lung consolidation in 48 patients (96%) by CXR, 49 (98%) patients by LUS and all 50 patients (100%) by CT chest. Pleural effusion was found in 8 (16%) patients by CT chest, all of which were detected by LUS (100%), but only 5 were correctly detected by CXR (specificity 62.5%) in addition to 3 false pos...