Sleep Comes All the Way: A Study of Homeless People in Lahore, Pakistan (original) (raw)
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Issues of Homeless People-A case of Surat City
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India is now being recognized in world for development in the fields, of Economic, Business, Science and Technology. However even the developed countries have failed to provide to ever citizen India obliviously is not an exception. The homeless people have to live on the roadsides, pavements, drainage pipes, under staircases or in the open Temple Mandap, Platforms, Bus Stand, and Railway Station and so on. Mostly they are harassed and abused by the people, police and government authorities etc. at the shelter place, is a very miserable condition for them. Besides homeless people are excluded from the mainstream development of the country. They are not having proper employment i.e. economic security, resulting begging, poor health, and illiteracy. The issues of women and children are also very serious in the situation of homelessness. In case of women, they are suffering more than male; sometimes they become victim of rape, harassment, sexual harassment, murder etc. at the shelter place. The youngster being worst hit, some of them being habitual of addicted of Alcohol, Drugs, Gutaka etc. sometimes they are doing crime also i.e. rape, murder, smuggling, robbery etc. homeless people are passing their day and nights on the foot path and other public place i.e. garden, bus stand, railway station, market etc. during the all seasons i.e. summer, monsoon and cold winter. During the monsoon they are suffering from lot of problems i.e. flood, mud water, unclean area etc. at that time very difficult to them for living on footpath. During the winter, cold wave grips them and at that time some of the persons died due to cold wave. According to times of India during the cold wave in the Gujarat three people died in the winter on Feb. 2012. Sometimes they are not proved themselves as an Indian because they haven"t any ID proofs i.e. voter card, pan card, license etc. During the election they can"t use their right of vote. Thus homeless people are facing several challenges in their life against the natural disaster and human made disaster in the society. In this concern the study tries to shed light on the issues of homeless people. Different types of homeless people are found in the society i.e. migrated, a person from marginalization group, bagger, mentally retarded, victim of serious health disease, victim of communal riots, poor, street children etc. homeless people are characterized by poverty and mostly they are much poorer and has a lower echelons (level) status in the society because it"s renders them insecure and vulnerable to threats and violence. Many homeless people are living with households at the footpath place and there are also many children and youth found as a homeless, among them number of such "throw-away" and "run away" from the family in the villages, behind it main responsible factor is related to family strife, resulting changes are find in the family structure. More of homeless People are living with physical and mental illness and they are over-represented in the homeless population. Moreover ethnic minorities and migrants are also represented in the homeless population. Its fact that majority of the homeless people run away from the rural villages in search of employment, so homeless population is much increasing in the society through them. According to United Nation minimum conditions for a person to be countable as homeless ;(Homelessness: from Wikipedia the free Encyclopedia) 1. The person is assumed not to own any other property that is habitable in or on 2. Their rent or mortgage are equal to or greater than 72% of their monthly income 3. Their source of income to pay rent is not stable or the amount of money available for food is not stable. The census of India uses the notion of house who are not living in "census house", the latter referring to a structure with roof, home the enumerators are instructed, "to take note of the possible places where the houseless population is likely to live such as on the roadside, pavements in home pipes, under staircase or in the open temple. Available statistics reflect the strength of homeless people in the state and nation. According to United Nations documents, there are about 100 million homeless persons in the world. The highest rates of homeless people in Western Europe are found in Germany, France, and the United Kingdom; whereas 4 and 12 per thousand of the population is estimated to be homeless. A much large number of people have little or no money with the population of India growing by lips and bounds, many more people are born in to a life of poverty in every year. In India, 1981 estimated 2,343,000 people were homeless while in 1991 18.5 million homeless people in India. As per 2001 census 1.94 million homeless people in India among them 1.16 million lived in villages and 0.77 million lived in cities and towns. In Delhi which was having 3.1 percent of the national level while Bihar and Tamilnadu having 1.6 percent, 7.3 percent respectively and 73.75 percent in Chennai. Surat had the highest number of homeless people in the state of Gujarat, whereas 23,000 of homeless people in 2010 while preliminary findings of the census 2011 indicate that this has risen to nearly 40000 and 10,000 homeless people in Ahmadabad in 2011
The Status, Challenges, and Expectations of Homeless People in Ethiopia: A Case Study of Bahir Dar
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People spending night on streets, under open sky or some unowned covered public or commercial spaces in the night is a common feature of cities and fast growing towns of the poor countries in Africa. The demand for urban housing accelerates with the burgeoning urban population due to a very high increasing rate of rural-urban migration. Extreme poverty is a factor that leads to homelessness. These urban homeless spent their life in misery and also affect the urban environment badly. The present study is based on the empirical data obtained from a survey conducted in Bahir Dar town of Ethiopia. The field survey tools like questionnaire, focus group discussion and interview were employed to generate the primary data. Random sampling technique was employed for the questionnaire survey. Secondary data was also the obtained from various sources. The collected data was statistically analysed. The study assessed the demographic description, physical appearance, educational status, social l...
Homelessness: An Emerging Threat
Homelessness is a global burden. It is estimated that 100 million people are homeless worldwide according to United Nation estimates in the year of 2005. It is a major issue in developing nation such as India. The 2011 census counts there are 449,761 houseless households/ families and 17,73,040 homeless people in India -52.9 % in urban areas, and 47.1% in rural areas. Homelessnesss is multifactorial in origin. Some of common reasons are poverty, drug addiction, natural disaster and war, family problem and unemployment. Homeless people are very fragile, physically and mentally, they prone to victim of physical and social assault. We need to recognize homelessness as a major public health problem and attempt to target this group for special care in order to promote equity in health system as part of Sustainable Development Goals. The Government should undertake physical upgradation of informal settlements including different types of slum areas; unidentified, identified, recognised, notified and unauthorised housing accompanied by the providing access to roads and basic amenities like electricity, water supply and sanitation.
Indian Journal of Spatial Science EISSN: 2249 - 4316 ISSN: 2249 - 3921 journal homepage: www.indiansss.org, 2013
Personswhodo not live in buildings or census houses but live in the open on the road side, on pavements, in large sewage pipes, under flyovers, at places of worship, on railway platforms are referred to as 'homeless' (Census of India, 2001). They constitute a significant proportion of a city's population and are steadily growing in number creating a serious imbalance in the functions and morphology of a city. They lead a very poor life with in fact no possessions. Often, the homelessness is caused by multiple and interrelated physical, social, economic, political and environmental factors. On this backdrop, the present study endeavours to explore the socio-economic conditions of homeless population living in the central part of Kolkata.
2019
the whole world because of the increase in the number of people affected directly or indirectly by it and its structural link with other social problems. The characteristics of homeless people should be known and their living conditions should be understood in order to plan social policies for them and for the service models to be provided to them. Accordingly, this study aims to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of homeless people and their experiences of living on the streets. The study was designed at the general scanning model and it includes the homeless people (n=50) who applied to the Social Services Unit of Antalya Training and Research Hospital in 2017-2018 and volunteered to participate in the study. The data were collected through a questionnaire containing 34 questions. At the end of the study, it was found that the majority of the participant homeless people is 45-59 years old, single, and primary school graduate males. In addition, it was understood that the homeless people who had lived mostly with their families before starting to live on the streets had salaried employment and therefore had been a part of the social life during this period of their lives. Besides, it was discovered that the majority of them lives on the streets due to financial reasons and doesn't have a regular income and social security; moreover, they cover their needs through social aids, the goods that volunteers provide them, or the incomes that they receive from daily jobs. This lifestyle of the homeless people who have lived on the streets for 5 years or more has become chronic, they suffer from physical and psychological health problems, and have developed several strategies for living on the streets. It is seen that they are aware of the risks of living on the streets in general and can stop living on the streets when the proper conditions are provided.
Revealing homelessness phenomenon in Malaysia: A case study in George Town, Penang
The European Proceedings of Social & Behavioural Sciences, 2019
Homelessness is not a new phenomenon in Malaysia, but in recent years it has become an increasingly prevalent social problem and requires a serious observation of all parties. The homelessness issues have also attracted the attention of the community and scholars because its implications on humanitarian issues, especially social exclusion and social justice. This study is based on three objectives, namely: (i) documenting demographic background of the homeless people in George Town; (ii) investigating the factors that caused them to become homeless people; and (iii) exploring the challenges of life experienced by the homeless people. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires with 30 homeless respondents, while in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 homeless informants in George Town. Data from the questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS, and data from in-depth interviews were analyzed using content analysis. The results of this study found that personal factors and environmental factors as the main contributor to the homeless population in George Town. This study has the potential to contribute to the knowledge on the issue of social exclusion which applies to the homeless people in Malaysia and its implications for the sustainability of urban community life.
Required support and care for homeless people to survive in a Society: A Case study of Nepal
isara solutions, 2022
Homeless mean a people with no Home to his/ her own and living under the mercy of others. Around the world we can see many homeless people living in street, mercy of agencies, relatives and by caring centers. In context of Nepal, homeless people are also high in majority who are homeless due to the various reason. This study has been designed to analysis the situation of homeless people in Nepal. A data obtained from the pilot field study during an execution of Ph.D. dissertation programme try to highlight the situations of homeless people in the study area of Makawanpur district, Hetauda city. Both a qualitative and quantitative research methods were applied in the case study and try to reflect the situation analysis for the homeless people in the study area. The collected data illustrate that the homeless people are caused due to social, cultural, and psychological reason as stated by the surveyed respondents. The study data also highlights that all respondents are residing under the care center which is taking care and providing best to survive and make them able to perform best in the society. However, many challenges arouse to run the center among which funding constrains is the major and lack of interest of the development agencies are the ongoing challenges in the present-past conditions KEYWORD:-Homeless, caring center, challenges, situation
An Analysis of Socio Economic Conditions of Homeless People’s in Madurai City, Tamil Nadu
Shanlax International Journal of Economics, 2019
Homeless people who not able to get and keep regular, safe and sound houses, or lack of fixed usual and sufficient night-time residence. The numbers of homeless peoples are increased due to the lack of adequate housing, unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood and old age etc. They are living in open areas like pavements, railway platforms, Hume pipes, under flyovers and open places near temples are described as homeless. In India, 1.77 million people are living homeless and 35 per cent of people are still earning $1 or less a day. The objectives of the study are 1) to know the socio-economic conditions of the homeless people in Madurai city, 2) to examine the factors affecting the homeless people in Madurai city and 3) To suggest viable strategies for improving their living conditions of homeless people. The study is entirely based on primary data. It deals with socio-economic conditions of homeless people, and factors influencing homelessness of homeless people in Madurai cit...
Research on Homelessness: An Introduction
Journal of Social Issues, 1990
Research on homelessness has tended to focus on problems of homeless individuals, sometimes diverting attention from underlying causes and reinforcing stereotypes about the population. A more comprehensive model of homelessness would include factors at the levels of individuals, social groups, and the socioeconomic context that contribute to homelessness. Papers in this issue investigate key factors at each of these levels. They consider the scope of homelessness and the history of society's responses, individual problems as both consequences and causes of homelessness, dynamics of entry to and exits from homelessness, and pertinent social policy at both micro-and macrolevels. When faced with social problems, concerned social scientists, particularly psychologists, tend to focus on the afflicted individuals. Research often aims at identifying the characteristics of the individuals in question or the consequences of the problem for them. Such research can call attention to social problems and mobilize public opinion to address them, but it also carries risks. Specifically, there is a risk of diverting attention from underlying causes and possible solutions to the problem, and a risk of reinforcing stereotypes about the population group in question. Research on homelessness has followed this pattern. It has paid extensive attention to the characteristics of people who are homeless, especially in regard to their health and mental health status (see citations in Table 1 and in Wright, this issue). This approach has successfully enumerated the problems prevalent among homeless persons and has stimulated development of services to address them. By focusing on what is wrong with "the homeless," however, we risk following the classic steps of blaming the victim: identifying a social problem, studying those afflicted to determine how they differ from the rest of us, defining Correspondence regarding this article should be addressed to Marybeth Shmn, Center for