China’s “One Belt, One Road” Initiative: New Round of Opening Up (original) (raw)

The Belt and Road initiative: what will china offer the world in its rise

Asian Journal of Political Science, 2019

The rise of China is a global phenomenon. Evidence shows that the Belt and Road-related research and publications are on the increase. For instance, only the Chinese scholars and academics published more than 8,400 articles in 2015, as compared to 492 in 2014 (Rolland, 2017). The 'Belt & Road' Initiative (BRI, afterward) is a Chinese trillion-dollar project encompassing multiple global issues including the world economy, poverty reduction, environment, sustainable developments, agriculture, science, technology, education, infrastructure, and cross-border economic cooperation. In the middle of 2017, the BRI was declared as the 'project of the century' (Beijing Review, 14 May 2017). According to an estimate of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), infrastructure financing demand in Asia will be around $ 8 trillion between 2010 and 2020. China has a plan to invest $ 1 trillion in infrastructure development along the countries of the BRI (The Diplomat, 8 January 2015). 'Total trade between China and other Belt and Road countries in 2014-2016 exceeded US$ 3 trillion and China's investment in "Belt and Road" countries has surpassed US$50 billion' (Jinping, 2017, pp. 557-558). The formal inception of the project began in 2013 when the Chinese president Xi Jinping unveiled it during his visit to Kazakhstan. In a speech at Kazakhstan's Nazarbayev University on 7 September 2013, he proposed the building of a Silk Road Economic Belt Road in order to expand the Eurasian economic cooperation (For the text of the speech, see, Jinping, 2018, pp. 315-319). Again, in his visit to Indonesia, a South East Asian country, he proposed the concept of the twenty-first century maritime silk road. More precisely, the Belt and Road Initiative consists of two components:. land-based the silk road economic belt; and. sea-based the twenty-first century maritime road.

Strengths and Challenges of China's " One belt, One road " Initiative

China's "One Belt, One Road" (OBOR) initiative, formally presented on 28 March 2015, is not just another "new Silk Road project". Rather it is a consistent and ambitious Eurasian strategy of an emergent power. The OBOR initiative is based on existing and planned linkages from various regions of China towards the outside world. Supported by large financial contributions, it seems to be better articulated than other similar projects. Therefore, this paper aims to present the strengths and implementation challenges of China's OBOR initiative. We took into account several levels on analysis: national, regional and international. In this sense, we focused on domestic constraints, tensions in China's neighbourhood, and great power rivalries. Finally, we tried to offer several suggestions regarding the improvement of China's initiative. The suggestions concern the initiative's planning and implementation, the means to improve its bilateral relations with neighbours and great powers, in order to be perceived as a responsible power on the international arena.

Background and Strategic Significance of the " Belt and Road Initiative " of China

Chinese President Xi Jinping raised the initiative of jointly building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road in 2013 (hereinafter referred to as the Belt and Road). The paper aims to analyze the background and the significance of China's " Belt and Road Initiative ". And it finds out that the " Belt and Road Initiative " has profound international and domestic background and it has strategic significance to China's geopolitical and economic security, energy security, RMB internationalization, economic transformation and upgrading, etc.

China’s economic interests in the “One Belt, One Road” initiative

SHS Web of Conferences

The article examines the "One Belt-One Road" initiative of China aimed at the development of transport and logistics infrastructure on the trade route from China to Europe. The authors pay special attention to the history of the Silk Road, which serves as an ideological basis for the modern initiative. The scale of the new project allows the authors to expect that its impact on the international trade will be comparable with the contribution of the historical Silk Road to the development of the global economy as we know it. The authors analyze the prospects of the development and implementation of the initiative in terms of China's economic interests. The most significant threats associated with the initiative are identified.

Belt and Road Initiative of China: A New Hope in the Region

„One belt, one road‟ is a development strategy initiated and planned by the Chinese government in 2013 to enhance regional connectivity and to integrate the Silk Road Spirit – "peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit" of the countries along the Belt and Road. It refers to the New Silk Road Economic Belt, which will link China with Europe through Central and Western Asia, and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which will connect China with Southeast Asian countries, Africa and Europe. The initiative also aims to promote flow of economic factors, efficient allocation of resources and regional integration of markets by enhancing connectivity within Asian, European and African continents along with consideration of their adjacent sea areas. China hope annual trade with the countries involved in the "One Belt, One Road" initiative would surpass $2.5 trillion in a decade. The study explores how China wants to further integrate itself into the world economy and strengthen its influence in these regions through establishing "One belt, one road" strategy. It also examines the viability and implications of regional integration for Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar (BCIM) Economic Corridor and China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) which regarded as "closely related to the Belt and Road Initiative". Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) can play a vital role within the framework of this initiative. Considering the existing Chinese Government Policies to support “One Belt One Road”, the paper also try to analyze the connectivity and regional integration issue under the flagship of New Silk Roads.

Belt and Road Initiatives (BRIs): Understanding China’s Intentions Behind It

European Journal of Law and Political Science

BRI is regarded as the most aspiring foreign and economic policy initiative of President Xi’s legacy. At the same time, Beijing has the overarching objective to achieve its geopolitical goals by economically binding China’s neighbouring countries through this initiative. Some Scholars are cynical regarding the success of BRI as planned by President Xi’s administration, urging caution for both China and the countries involved. President Xi’s exceptional overt emphasis on protecting China’s national interests that transpired into their newly formed foreign policy approaches has demonstrated that China’s commitment to peaceful development is not without conditions. China’s commitment to a peaceful rise will also be further conditioned by the many externalities, namely international and regional interest, domestic priorities, security dilemmas, power conflict, and conflicting core national interests from participating members, which in turn can be reciprocated with antagonistic strategi...

China's Belt and Road Initiative

In this paper I look at the broad perspectives on China;s ambitious Belt and Road Initiative that is set to dominate its economic and political relations viz.a.viz others states and how it is being used by China to propel itself to a path towards global hegemony along with the geopolitical, geo-strategic aspects of the initiative. Although it has been stated as an initiative by the Chinese, it informs all vital elements of its strategic interests. I also look at its implications for India and some points of contention that New Delhi needs to realize if it wishes to continue its own ambitious policy goals.

Belt and Road Initiative of China

Asia-Pacific - Annual Research Journal of Far East & South East Asia

Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) also recognized as One Belt and One Road (OBOR) is currently renowned external policy initiative of China for regional connectivity. It is a massive infrastructure and transportation project. The study attempts to understand this initiative in broader perspective in terms of big changes at regional and global level. This paper argues that BRI is not just a project of building roads and bridges, but it will simultaneously heighten strategic and economic capability of China. Furthermore, it argues that, China’s quest to enhance regional connectivity will be purely based on economic activities. In the meantime, Beijing will use its fiscal leverage to influence the policies of aligned countries to line up with its interests. This paper addresses three main questions: What is the significance of BRI with emphasis on its main objectives? How does this initiative help advance China’s interests? What are the expected challenges to BRI?

CHINA'S ONE BELT ONE ROAD INITIATIVE: TOWARDS MUTUAL PEACE & DEVELOPMENT

China's One Belt One Road Initiative is a global economic interconnectivity project that connects the countries through seaports, economic corridors, roads, railways, canals, bridges, gas and oil pipelines etc. In 2013, the initiative is firstly proposed by China's president Xi Jinping. The major objective of the initiative is to build a peaceful, cooperative and interdependent world for promoting mutual economic development and social prosperity. The certain western and Asian countries says that China's growing economic influence and rise particularly through the initiative is not peaceful. These countries are U.S., Japan and India which considers China as a rising threat for their interests and influence. China is promoting through this initiative a mutual economic development and social prosperity along with the values of common peace, cooperation and interdependence. It is empowering the developing countries of the Asian region by promoting economic development to them. On Road initiative, China is connecting the entire Asian region by linking the seaport infrastructures through sea-lanes, economic corridors and roads and railways network. Under the sidelines of the initiative, China is financing and constructing various development projects in each Asian country that have a seaport. These development projects are the establishment of free-trade economic zones, energy development projects of gas, oil and electricity, construction projects of roads, railways and pipelines and many other social development projects. The paper examines China's progressive role for mutual development particularly in Muara Port, Brunei and Sihanoukville Port, Cambodia.