Fluorescent Reporters and Optical Probes (original) (raw)

Elsevier eBooks, 2014

Abstract

Organic fluorescent dyes are a fundamental component in biomedical research and diagnostic imaging. The major classes encompass polymethine dyes, xanthene dyes, 4,4′-difluoro-4-bora-3 a ,4 a -diaza- s -indacene (BODIPY) dyes, phenoxazines, and rare earth metal complexes. These compounds have been synthesized in manifold variations to optimize their photophysical properties and physicochemical behavior in physiological media and to enable conjugation to targeting molecules and nanocarriers. Furthermore, stimuli-responsive structural motifs were designed to apply these fluorophores as sensors for disease-related physiological and molecular conditions. This chapter is devoted to the chemical base of optical imaging agents, covering the relevant properties of fluorophores and the synthetic concepts toward intelligent optical imaging probes.

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