Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potential of the Essential Oil Pistacia lentiscus var. chia and Its Major Components Myrcene and α-Pinene (original) (raw)
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Antioxidant activities and chemical composition of essential oil of Pistacia atlantica from Algeria
Industrial Crops and Products, 2010
A total number of 34 samples of leaves of Pistacia atlantica Desf. collected randomly from four different locations in Algeria were submitted to hydrodistillation. The essential oils obtained at a yield range of 0.02-0.12% (v/w) were screened for theirs antioxidant activities in vitro using two different and complementary assays: the DPPH • (2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrilhydrazyl) free radical scavenging and the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power). The result of the DPPH assay gives an IC 50 range value of (8.8-27.48) mg/mL for all the samples studied. BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole), BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) and ascorbic acid were used for comparison purposes. The FRAP antioxidant activity test of the oil was expressed using ascorbic acid as standard reference antioxidant. Others synthetic antioxidants were used for comparison. The antioxidant expressed as Ascorbic acid Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (AEAC) has a range value of (2.8-11.1) mg/mL, i.e. that the sample oils are almost 3-11 times much more active than ascorbic acid. The essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The essential oil was rich in monoterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. Forty-seven compounds were identified. The main compounds were not the same in the all analysed samples. The percentages ranges of the major components identified from the different locations were˛-pinene +˛-thujene (5.54-66.61%), camphene (0.75-20.85%),ˇ-pinene (1.09-13.12%), p-cymene (0.39-10.19%), terpinen-4,ol (0.42-15.97%) and spathulenol (0.46-32.64%).
Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology, 2013
In this study, the composition and antioxidant activity of Pistacia lentiscus L. leaf essential oil (EO) from four Tunisian localities were investigated. The EO yields (%, w/w) of P. lentiscus leaf were 0.009% in Oued El Bir, 0.02% in Jebel Mansour, 0.007% in Siliana and 0.01% in Tabarka. The main compounds of Oued El Bir EO were terpinene-4-ol (41.24%) and aterpineol (7.31%), whereas those of Jebel Mansour were a-pinene (9.48%), limonene (19.11%) and a-phellandrene (3.20%). In Siliana samples, terpinene-4-ol (23.32%), b-caryophyllene (22.62%) and a-terpineol (7.12%) were the main compounds. For P. lentiscus L. from Tabarka, a-terpineol (9.79%) and b-caryophyllene (38.33%) were the major constituents. Three chemotypes of P. lentiscus EO were identified for the first time in Tunisia. P. lentiscus EOs were also screened for their antioxidant activities. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay gives an IC 50 range value of 60-110 mg/mL for all the samples studied. EOs from different Tunisian localities showed lower b-carotene bleaching activity than butylated hydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisol. P. lentiscus EO presents a very low capacity to chelate ferrous irons (IC 50 ¼ 80.8-104 mg/mL) and no metal chelating activity was recorded.
Dracocephalum palmatum Stephan (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant used by the North-Yakutian nomads. From the crude ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of this plant, 23 compounds (phenylpropanoids, coumarins, flavonoids, and triterpenes) were isolated. Among these, eight compounds (salvianolic acid B, caftaric acid, cichoric acid, umbelliferone, aesculetin, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside, isorhoifolin, and luteolin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) were detected for the first time in the genus Dracocephalum. Their structures were elucidated based on chemical and spectral data. The levels of most of the compounds detected in the cultivated sample were close to that of the wild sample, indicating the reproducibility of the biologically active compounds of D. palmatum through cultivation. Investigation into the biological activity of D. palmatum under in vitro conditions demonstrated that its extracts have a strong antioxidant effect due to the presence of high concentrations of phenolic compounds.
Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2022
An improved method based on HPLC-TOF/MS was developed to catalog the antioxidants in five species of Chaenomeles (Mugua). Forty-four fractions from the Mugua extracts show appreciable levels of antioxidative activity in scavenging the stable free-radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and the hydroxyl radicals. Twelve major antioxidant's chemical structures are identified. Antioxidant activities differ between species, but intra-species level of antioxidants, regardless of their ripeness, are similar. C. sinensis has the highest antioxidant level. A rigorous quality control procedure was implemented to ensure accuracy of antioxidant quantification. This improved procedure can be used for rapid discovery of antioxidants in other plant extracts.
The present study reports hitherto unknown in vitro antioxidant and in vivo hepatoprotective activity of essential oil from leaf galls on Pistacia chinensis ssp. integerrima. The identification of 29 compounds comprising 99 % of essential oil was done by GC-MS analysis. The major components of essential oil were found to be α-pinene, remarkable photochemiluminescence inhibition, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical scavenging activity and inhibited lipid perioxidation with IC 50 values 118.4±1.89 and 103.5±2.67 μg/mL, respectively. Treatment of mice with carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) resulted in significant changes in the biochemical parameters. Pretreatment of essential oil to mice at doses 0.1 and 0.2 mL/kg significantly (p< 0.001) decreased the elevation of biochemical parameters and the effects were comparable with standard drug 'Silymarin'. Decreased necrotic zones and lymphocyte infiltration were observed in liver sections of mice treated with the essential oil. This is first report of essential oil of P. chinensis ssp. integerrima preventing CCl 4 induced damage in mice liver.
Erythroxylum suberosum A. St. Hill. has been used as anti-rheumatism, anesthetic and for indigestion in Brazilian folk medicine.The crude extracts from leaves were obtained by maceration or infusion. The extracts showed no toxicity to brine shrimp lethality assay. The total phenolics and flavonoids contents were more significant in aqueous and ethanol extracts than its fractions (dichloromethane and hydro-methanol). The antioxidant potential of the crude aqueous extract was, approximately, 4.5 times higher than BHT, while the ethanol extract was 5.9 times. On the other hand, a hydro-methanol fraction from crude ethanol extract was 7.6 times more potent than BHT. Also, it was described the isolation and structural identification of isoquercitrin, rutin, quercetin and isomers catechin and epicatechin, from leaves of E. Suberosum.
2022
Ethnobotanical investigation was carried out using questionnaires among majority of El Kala (Algeria) inhabitants. The investigation found that lentisk (<i>Pistacia lentiscus</i> L.) is widely used in traditional therapy, especially in gastrointestinal and dermatological problems. Bioactive phytochemicals were determined by LC-MS/MS, and 14, 13, and 12 compounds were identified in leaves, stems and seeds, respectively. Flavonoids and phenolic acids were the most abundant compounds. Moreover, total phenols (306.5 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (95.25 mg RE/g), and condensed tannins (170.75 mg CE/g) contents were determined in leaves. Also, essential oil composition was investigated using GC/MS and 27 aroma compounds were identified. Monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the most abundant. Besides, antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH, β-carotene bleaching, and ferrous ions chelating tests; and leaves extracts were more effective (IC<sub>50</sub> of 2.75...