The Determination of Results of Knowledge Test Control by Means of the Hierarchical Structures (original) (raw)
Logical Structure of Structure OrientedEvaluation for E- Learning
-This paper describes evaluation and its method for e-learning process at Mongolian University of Science and Technology (MUST). Main aim of this study is to develop the logical structure of structure oriented evaluation for e-learning at MUST. An e-learning is complex system where involved many different groups which has all own pre-defined roles, requirement and expectations in e-learning. For example: Professors are owners of contents, they present pedagogical aspect and more responsible for quality of e-learning contents. IT and multimedia personals are owners of technology, they present technology enhancement aspect and more responsible for added value of technology in the e-learning. University is owner of learning management system and plays role as main administration for whole process, responsible for general successful implementation of e-learning process. Students belong to target group, they are play role of users in e-learning. Without students any e-learning will be senseless for development and implementation. For evaluation process structure oriented evaluation model was selected as main model. Key advantage of structure oriented evaluation is connected evaluation goals which designed by logical structures. Therefore, development of logical structure for e-learning is essentially important. This paper focuses on logical structure for e-learning evaluation.
Survey of learners' knowledge structures: Rationales, methods and instruments
Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2004
How human beings organize knowledge and to what extend individuals' organizational structures overlap are important research questions in cognitive science (Lakoff, 1987) as well as in information science (Ingwersen, 1992). Effective IR principles can be derived from the understanding of human knowledge organizational structures.
Effective Method for Automatic Generation of Knowledge from Electronic Textbook
2015
With the tremendous increase in traffic and tools in virtually every organization we need such kind of tool that will perform all the operation regarding education system in effective way so that technology supported learning system should be helpful in many learning situations. we need to generate domain module and domain module contain the knowledge but generation of domain module require more cost and hence electronic textbook has been developed which is a core representation of the domain module. So, we use natural processing techniques, heuristic reasoning and ontology’s for semiautomatic construction of domain module from electronic textbook.
Knowledge Management Model for Electronic Textbook Design
Railean, E. (2013). Knowledge Management Model for Electronic Textbook Design. In K. Patel, & S. Vij (Eds.), Enterprise Resource Planning Models for the Education Sector: Applications and Methodologies (pp. 77-92). Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference. doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-2193-0.ch005
This chapter aims to describe a new knowledge management (KM) model, which can be considered an enterprise resources planning model proved in Electronic Textbook in Electronic Portfolio technology. The model comprises a dynamic and flexible instructional strategy which allows constructing the personalized digital content through development of core structure of competence. This strategy allows bidirectional transitions from tacit to explicit knowledge and hermeneutic dialogues. The KM model can be described using adjacency matrix and optimized knowledge graphs techniques. The target audience of this chapter is expected to be consisted of educational management students, professionals and researchers working in the field of education including policy makers, consultants, and agencies. Applications and methodologies validate the educational efficiency of KM model for electronic textbook design. The affordance of the KM model for education relies on informational / communication processes, cognitive processes, and computerized assessment processes.
Introduction: Intelligent Systems and Problems of Knowledge Assessment
An intelligent system is based on an extended quantity of knowledge related to a certain field of problems. This knowledge is organised as a set of rules that allows the system to inference based on the available data. This knowledge -based methodology used in problem solving and more generally in system design has been an evolutionary change in Artificial Intelligence. The consequences of this change are very important since the traditional form of a program (data + algorithm = program) has been replaced by a new architecture, which has as its core a knowledge base and an inference engine under the form:
—Today, information and communication technology (ICT) is almost unavoidable factor in all aspects of human life. When the functionalities of ICT are applied to the process of teaching and learning they form a special educational paradigm, the paradigm of e-learning. Guided by the objective of implementing the e-learning system independent of the living teacher, we set our focus on the evaluation of students' knowledge. As an instrument of knowledge measurement we chose objective test questions, testing method which minimizes the influence of subjective factors that threaten metric characteristics of knowledge evaluation. Objective test questions are strongly reliant on natural language, and their meaning and significance are highly dependent on the correct grammatical structure. Therefore, their use as an instrument for knowledge evaluation, necessarily requires the natural language on which the system should be based. To enable wider application of the proposed system we will adjust it to a situation where the domain knowledge is described by ontology.
Testing Methodology in the Student Learning Process
European Journal of Contemporary Education, 2017
The subject of the research is to build methodologies to evaluate the student knowledge by testing. The author points to the importance of feedback about the mastering level in the learning process. Testing is considered as a tool. The object of the study is to create the test system models for defence practice problems. Special attention is paid to the reliability of simulated tests, and to their differentiating ability to assess knowledge. The author pays significant attention to the learning aspect of tests, that assumes the student's choice of the method to solve proposed test tasks. Various methods are suggested, including a model of fuzzy estimation of knowledge based on testing results, which allows to evaluate not only the result obtained, but also the solution method. Open and multiple choice problems, offered to students and evaluated by the binary system, are chosen as a methodology for creating tests. An algorithm to test the hypothesis of normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk criterion is proposed. The scoring scales and the creating tests methodology are also described. There are the following conclusions. The first, the possibility of using tests to evaluate students' understanding of the acquired material. The second, the possibility of including testing in the educational process. The technology for estimating knowledge using a fuzzy model is proposed, which is in good agreement with the methodology of training itself. The main result is the developed technology of testing with automatic option development and result processing. The proposed testing algorithm can be included in the general methodology of studying the discipline.
Journal of Education Research and Evaluation
Reasoning is one of the most fundamental aspects in solving problems. This study aims to analyses the development of reasoning in authentic assessment indicators contained in language electronic school books for high school. The method used in this research is content analysis. The subject of this study are electronic school books for Senior High School class X, XI, and XII, The research procedure carried out refers to the stages of qualitative research, namely data collection, data display, data reduction, and drawing or verifying. The data that has been collected is then analyzed by calculating the number or intensity of the reasoning aspects and the tendency of the spread of various aspects of reasoning which are grouped into five categories. The result of this study found that reasoning contained in Senior High School electronic school book has been developed quite well, but has not developed the aspect of reasoning proportionally. The reasoning aspect that is most often develop...
Research of intelligent computer literacy test design method
2010
The relevance of the topic. Pen and paper knowledge testing when test takers get questions on paper and give their answers on it has long become morally outdated. Nowadays computer-based testing is used for testing knowledge in various areas. Initially simple computer-based tests of fixed length were used. Later on, as there arose the need for security of questions and more effective assessment of test takers' knowledge and individual generation of questions, computer-based testing was improved looking for solutions to arising problems. As a consequence, several questions design methods were developed. Today testing of knowledge using computer-based tests is widely used. Even in educational institutions some exams are being replaced by tests. Therefore, such testing should be done qualitatively. The greatest problem occurs when the testing system needs to choose the most appropriate tests design method. Qualitative testing is especially important in specialized testing systems, such as testing people's computer literacy knowledge. That is why this work studies the main test design methods described in literature, their main properties and situations when and which method to use. Having done the analysis of these methods, a solution to computer literacy testing is proposed, which enables to use it according to people's occupations and area of activities, thus reducing frequency of question exposure and compact test composition. Compact test composition is considered as a complex term: (1) test shortening according to the test completion condition; (2) test items delivery according to occupational parameters. The new computer literacy test design method is proposed. So far, there has not been developed a specific way for selection of questions for testing people of different occupations with different skills in this area. Usually test questions are selected in a fixed order, random order or adaptively assessing reliability, the length of the test, the size of the question bank, the number of test takers, etc. The level of knowledge in the proposed test design method can be assessed by the help of variables that have not yet been used in testing, i.e. occupation, education, age, experience of work with the computer, etc. For the research of these variables (quantitative and qualitative) intelligent methods will be applied. Most commonly knowledge tests are not intended for specialized knowledge testing therefore the subject of work "Research of Intelligent Computer Literacy Test Design Method" was chosen. Usually, testing systems of lower-and medium-importance use random function for selection of questions. Sometimes in systems of such level overlapping of questions or various other restrictions are considered. In high-level testing systems adaptive tests are usually used. In such tests questions are constructed according to how the test taker was answering previous questions, regarding the difficulty of the question. Discrimination and/or guessing factors can also be taken into consideration. Adaptive tests originally were used to define person's intelligence level. The first such test was made by A. Binett in 1905 and it used to be on paper. Later adaptive tests started to be used for testing knowledge in other areas as well (Reckase, 1989),