Did the Āẕar Kaivānīs Know Zoroastrian Middle Persian Sources? (original) (raw)
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Zand-i Wahman Yašt: The New Persian Version
Proceedings of the 8ᵗʰ European Conference of Iranian Studies. Held on 14–19 Sep. 2015 at the State Hermitage Museum and Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences, in St Petersburg. Edited by Pavel B. Lurje. Vol. 1, pp. 16–29. St. Petersburg: The State Hermitage Publishers., 2019
The Zand ī Wahman Yašt is a Zoroastrian text belonging to the apocalyptic genre, which is centered on questions and answers through which Ahura Mazda interprets prophetic visions of Zoroaster, and explains the catastrophic events of the times to come. The present paper introduces and analyzes the much-neglected New Persian version of the text and compares it to the Middle Persian and the Pāzand versions of the text. It also talks about the Rivāyat context, in which the NP version often appears, surveys the manuscript tradition of the text, and tries to date the New Persian version. Then follows a summary of the contents of the text. The NP version, while claiming to be derived from the Pāzand, differs significantly from the Pāzand version of the text that has come down to us. The author believes that a critical edition of the New Persian ZWY, which is being prepared by himself, will shed light on the vague passages in the Pahlavi and Pāzand versions. Alimoradi, Pooriya. “Zand-i Wahman Yašt: The New Persian Version,” Proceedings of the Eighth European Conference of Iranian Studies. Held on 14–19 September 2015 at the State Hermitage Museum and Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences, in St Petersburg. Vol. 1: Studies on Pre-Islamic Iran and on Historical Linguistics, edited by Pavel B. Lurje, pp. 16–29. Saint Petersburg: The State Hermitage Publishers, 2019.
2024
The Explanation of the Religions (Bayān al-Adyān, 1091-2) is the first surviving Persian encyclopedia of comparative religions completed before the better-known Arabic-language the Book of Sects and Creeds (Kitāb al-Milāl wa al-Niḥal) by Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Karīm Aḥmad al-Shahrastānī from 1127-8. Beyond that, it is the earliest surviving source on the travelogue writer and Ismaili philosopher Nāṣir Khusraw (d. 1088), but despite its significance, the work was shrouded in obscurity. Its author Abū al-Maʿālī Muḥammad mentions in his Explanation of the Religions that a copy of the famous, but unfortunately now lost, picture book of the third century public sage and preacher, Mānī (3rd c.), the Arzhang (Parthian: Ārthang) was preserved in the library of Ghazna. In the introductory part of his work the jurist and translator Abū al-Maʿālī Muḥammad gives his detailed, and possibly fabricated, genealogy linking him to one of the leading figures of Balkh, ʿUbayd Allāh Yār Khudāy, and to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib (d. 661). The style of his book is generally not polemical, though it is not without occasional disparaging remarks. Licit Magic-GlobalLit Working Papers comprises translations of and commentaries on key works of poetics, rhetoric, literary theory, and related areas of inquiry from the literatures of the Islamic world. Together with its website (https://globallit.hcommons.org), online publication (https://medium.com/global-literary-theory), newsletter (https://medium.com/global-literary-theory/newsletters/licit-magic-global-literary-theory-newsletter), and twitter feed (@balaghas), the Working Papers are one of five venues of interim science communication of GlobalLit. Global Literary Theory is an ERC-funded project directed by Rebecca Ruth Gould and based at the University of Birmingham since 2018, that brings into comparison the literary traditions of the Islamic world, including Arabic, Persian, and Turkic traditions. All working papers are downloadable on https://globallit.hcommons.org/licit-magic-working-papers/. This series is part of a project that has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement No. 759346).
This paper will reflect on how Pahlavi texts after the Islamic conquest conceptualize conflicts between Islamic norms and Zoroastrian rules, in particular those concerning purity. The paper will therefore be concerned with the representation of Islam and Islamic practices within the Mazdean community. For this reason, the issue of the reception of the Holy Qur’ān within Pahlavi literature will also need to be addressed. The paper will formulate some hypotheses on what goals the Mazdean intellectual elites (in this case, essentially their clergy) tried to achieve through their representation of Islam. It will also discuss how this representation connected with the economic and social transformation that this community underwent with the end of the Sasanian Empire, in particular with the changes in landholding that had been among the main sources of wealth and power for the Sasanian aristocracy.
Ferdowsi’s Presentation of Zoroastrianism in an Islamic Light
Journal of Persianate Studies, 2015
Composed in 10th and 11th centuryce, theShāhnāmeh(The Book of the Kings) contains Iranian ancient history since the first king, Gayumart/Kayumars, up to the end of Sasanian era. One reason behind its popularity is the poet’s method and art in describing and explaining ancient religious elements in such a way that it does not cause religious bias among Zoroastrians and Muslims. This article shows that Ferdowsi has employed various methods to read religious issues of ancient Iran in the light of the social, cultural, and religious spirit of his own time. In his epic narratives, Ferdowsi paid serious attention to contemporary beliefs and social conditions, and this can account for the popularity of theShāhnāmehand its lasting influence.