Pueblo I Village Formation: A Reevaluation of Sites Recorded by Earl Morris on Ute Mountain Ute Tribal Lands (original) (raw)
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Scale, Interaction and Regional Analysis in Late Pueblo Prehistory
2000
Examination of regional-scale processes in prehistory requires explicit consideration of what we mean by regions. Definitions vary with research interests and the times, but the boundaries of regions are usually defmed by 'topography and the dishbution of a number of material culture fmits. As such, regions are essentially the scale within which archaeologists believe social interactions were concentrated. A closer look at regions, however, at least as they are defmed archaeologically, suggests that they are less internally coherent than we might expect The question then becomes not only whether we can identify regions but whether the regions we idenhfy are meamngfd.'I suggest that a consideration of demography and some of its associated properties can further archaeologists' understanding of miability in material culture in different areas during later prehistory and that it will permit us to conshuct regions with greater behavioral meaning.
A HARD TIME TO DATE: THE SCOTT COUNTY PUEBLO (14SC1) AND PUEBLOAN RESIDENTS OF THE HIGH PLAINS
American Antiquity, 2018
During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Puebloan women (if not entire families) were incorporated into Apache Dismal River communities in western Kansas. In at least one site (14SC1), Puebloan people lived in a small masonry pueblo. We evaluate the timing and nature of the Puebloan occupation at 14SC1 and its relationship to the Dismal River population at the site. We use a Bayesian analytical framework to evaluate different models of the pueblo's use history, constraining 12 radiocarbon dates by their stratigraphic data and then comparing this framework with different temporal models based on the historical record. We conclude that Dismal River people lived at 14SC1 prior to the appearance of Pueblo migrants, sometime between cal AD 1490 and 1650. Construction and early use of the pueblo by migrants from the Rio Grande valley occurred between cal AD 1630 and 1660, and the pueblo was closed by burning sometime between cal AD 1640 and 1690. Site 14SC1 lacks Rio Grande Glaze Ware, and its residents seem rarely to have engaged with the groups in the Southern Plains Macroeconomy. Our results contribute to studies of indigenous community formation and Puebloan residential mobility during the Spanish colonial period. Durante los siglos XVII y XVIII, las mujeres Pueblo (o posiblemente familias enteras) fueron incorporadas a las comunidades Apaches de la cultura Dismal River en Kansas occidental. Por lo menos en un sitio (14SC1), los indígenas Pueblo vivieron en un pequeño poblado de mampostería. Evaluamos la cronología y la naturaleza de la ocupación Pueblo en 14SC1 y su relación con la ocupación Dismal River en el sitio. Usamos un marco analítico bayesiano para evaluar diferentes modelos de la cronología ocupacional del pueblo, delimitando los rangos de doce fechas de radiocarbono por sus posiciones estratigráficas y luego comparando este marco con diferentes modelos temporales basados en el registro histórico. Concluimos que los indígenas Dismal River vivieron en 14SC1 antes de la aparición de los migrantes Pueblo en algún momento entre 1490 y 1650 cal dC. La construcción y el uso inicial del pueblo por migrantes procedentes del valle del Río Grande ocurrió entre 1630 y 1660 cal dC, y el pueblo fue cerrado por un incendio entre 1640 y 1690 cal dC. El sitio 14SC1 carece de vajillas del estilo Río Grande con engobe, y sus residentes parecen haber tenidos interacciones limitadas con los grupos que participaron en la macroeconomía de las Planicies del Sur. Nuestros resultados contribuyen al estudio de la formación de comunidades indígenas y la movilidad residencial Pueblo durante el período colonial español.
American Antiquity, 2009
To understand the effects of European contact on the organization, size, and mobility of Pueblo populations in the Southwest requires detailed knowledge of the occupational histories of the aggregated settlements that typify the late prehistoric and early historic record. Unfortunately, such understanding is generally lacking because the methods used to document occupational histories of settlements tend to either obscure fine- grained temporal distinctions or necessitate costly, and politically objectionable, large- scale excavations. To overcome these difficulties, we use surface expressions to analyze the occupational and population history of San Marcos Pueblo (LA98), an aggregated, late prehistoric site in the Galisteo Basin of New Mexico that persisted to the Pueblo Revolt of 1680. Field methods include detailed mapping of the settlement and systematic surface collections of middens. Frequency seriation, correspondence analysis, and mean ceramic dates of decorated ceramic rims comprise our principal analytic methods and demonstrate that the pueblo was abandoned four times before 1680. Causes of abandonment are discussed. Relative scale measures of population show demographic fluctuations with maximum aggregation during the fifteenth century. Despite demographic pulses, the pueblo remained vital until the terminal abandonment.
Çatalhöyük and other Near Eastern Neolithic 'megasites' are commonly interpreted as exceptional because of their large size and early dates. In this paper, we question exceptional claims about the size and social organization of megasites like Çatalhöyük by comparing them to pueblos in the American Southwest. We argue that Çatalhöyük and other Near Eastern Neolithic megasites are better understood as large villages whose size, layout and social organization compare readily to many of the late prehispanic and historic-period pueblos in the American Southwest. We suggest that four factors contribute to disparate interpretations of structurally similar sites in the Near East and American Southwest: 1) surface architectural visibility; 2) different regional intellectual traditions that emphasize 'micro' versus 'macro' scale social organization; 3) a tendency toward overestimation in archaeological population estimates, especially when the 'biggest' or the 'earliest' sites are involved; and 4) perceptions of continuity with later time periods.
Kiva, 2005
ABSTRACT Massive depopulation due to epidemic disease had important consequences for Native American groups in terms of cultural continuity. To understand the history and prehistory of a specific people, as well as to help refine our models and methods for studying demographic change throughout the New World, we must investigate the timing and scale of changes in population dynamics among different groups. This paper investigates changes in Zuni demographic structure, in the southwest United States, from A.D. 1300 to 1680. Paleodemographic statistics are generated from burial data recovered from the Zuni town of Hawikku. Results indicate that European diseases only affected populations in the Zuni area after missionization of the region. RESUMEN El descenso en la población causado por epidemias tuvo importantes consecuencias en la continuidad cultural de los grupos de nativos americanos. Tanto para comprender la historia y la prehistoria de grupos humanos concretos, como para refinar nuestros modelos y métodos de estudio del cambio demográfico en el Nuevo Mundo, debemos investigar el momento y el alcance de los cambios acaecidos en la dinámica poblacional de varios grupos. Este artículo se centra en el estudio de los cambios de la estructura demográfica Zuní en el sudoeste estadounidense entre 1300 y 1680 d.C. A partir de los datos recuperados de enterramientos Zunís en la ciudad de Hawikku se obtuvieron diversas estadísticas paleodemográficas. Los resultados indican que las enfermedades de procedencia europea no afectaron de forma dramática a las poblaciones Zunís del área estudiada hasta la llegada de misioneros a la región.
Environment and subsistence – forty years after Janusz Kruk’s „Settlement studies…” STUDIEN ZUR ARCHÄOLOGIE IN OSTMITTELEUROPA - STUDIA NAD PRADZIEJAMI EUROPY ŚRODKOWEJ, 2013
The thirteenth century AD (Late Pueblo III period) was a time of many changes and reorganization in the ancient Pueblo world in the Mesa Verde region. They are apparent in the remaining architecture and settlement structure; socio-cultural changes probably occurred as well. This period was a time of peak population in the region and, near the end of the thirteenth century AD, of final depopulation and emigrations from the area. In the central Mesa Verde region settlement locations shifted from the mesa tops and uplands to canyon rims and cliff alcoves and other places very difficult to access. The settlement pattern that existed during the thirteenth century AD in the area included also communities consisting of a large site (community center) and several dozens of small settlements near the community center. One of the communities functioned in this period and examined in this paper is Castle Rock Pueblo community.