White Wine—Induced Endothelium-Dependent Vasorelaxation in Sprague-Dawley Rats (original) (raw)
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Decreased endothelin-1 levels after acute consumption of red wine and de-alcoholized red wine
Atherosclerosis, 2010
Background: Red wine consumption may influence on vasoconstrictive peptide endothelin-1 levels, and this may be one mechanism leading to improved vasodilation after red wine consumption. Endothelin-1 levels and their association with coronary epicardial diameter and flow rate, however, have not been studied in vivo after consumption of red wine and de-alcoholized red wine. The purpose of this randomized trial was to determine the acute effects of these beverages on endothelin-1 levels and compare them to coronary artery epicardial diameter and flow rate. Methods: Twenty-two healthy men consumed a high dose (8.1 ± 0.9 dL) of alcohol-containing red wine and de-alcoholized red wine in a cross-over design at one sitting with a two-week washout period. Endothelin-1 levels were determined and coronary artery diameter and flow rate assessed using transthoracic echocardiography before and acutely after intervention. Results: Red wine and de-alcoholized red wine significantly decreased endothelin-1 levels (0.75 ± 0.26 pg/mL to 0.61 ± 0.20 pg/mL, p = 0.002; 0.74 ± 0.32 pg/mL to 0.63 ± 0.24 pg/mL, p = 0.04, respectively), but did not have a significant effect on epicardial diameter (1.1 ± 0.3 mm vs. 1.1 ± 0.3 mm, p = 0.58; and 1.1 ± 0.3 mm vs. 1.1 ± 0.2 mm, p = 0.10, respectively) or flow rate (7.8 ± 4.0 mL/min to 6.4 ± 3.6 mL/min, p = 0.07; and 7.8 ± 4.0 mL/min to 7.4 ± 3.2 mL/min, p = 0.53, respectively). Conclusions: Red wine and de-alcoholized red wine decreased plasma endothelin-1 levels after acute consumption, but this change was not reflected in coronary epicardial diameters or flow rate.
Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 2006
By using red wine (RW), dealcoholized red wine (DARW), polyphenols-stripped red wine (PSRW), ethanolwater solution (ET), and water (W), the role of wine polyphenols, ethanol, and urate on vascular function was examined in humans (n = 9 per beverage) and on isolated rat aortic rings (n = 9). Healthy males randomly consumed each beverage in a cross-over design. Plasma ethanol, catechin, and urate concentrations were measured before and 30, 60 and 120 minutes after beverage intake. Endothelial function was assessed before and 60 minutes after beverage consumption by normalized flow-mediated dilation (FMD). RW and DARW induced similar vasodilatation in the isolated vessels whereas PSRW, ET, and W did not. All ethanol-containing beverages induced similar basal vasodilatation of brachial artery. Only intake of RW resulted in enhancement of endothelial response, despite similar plasma catechin concentration after DARW. The borderline effect of RW on FMD (P = 0.0531) became significant after FMD normalization (P = 0.0043) that neutralized blunting effect of ethanol-induced basal vasodilatation. Effects of PSRW and ET did not differ although plasma urate increased after PSRW and not after ET, indicating lack of urate influence on endothelial response. Acute vascular effects of RW, mediated by polyphenols, cannot be predicted by plasma catechin concentration only.