Heritage Protection Policies from the Perspective of the Social Sciences: The Case of Croatia and Non-EU South-East European Democracies (original) (raw)
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Heritage for development in South-East Europe (2014)
2014
The essays in this book present, for the first time in published form, a systematic comparative overview of cultural heritage policy and its impact – specifically in the field of immovable heritage such as archaeological and historic sites – in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, “The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia”, Montenegro, Romania and Serbia. The studies focus on the decade from 2003 to 2013 that followed the traumatic and often violent upheavals associated with the breakdown of communism. That same period also saw a shift in the policy of the European Union and the Council of Europe in support of cultural heritage policies in the region, which led to the launching of the “Ljubljana Process: rehabilitating our common heritage”. The challenges gradually moved from encouraging professionals to adopt European standards and realising the potential of heritage to build bridges between peoples and to foster reconciliation, towards highlighting its wider benefits as a catalyst of economic development for the local economy and the quality of life of citizens. Theorists and practitioners will gain a better insight into the value of cultural heritage and the specificity of cultural heritage policies in South-East Europe, as well as the underlying facts, vision, context and impact of the Ljubljana Process. This will encourage questioning of existing public policies, as well as the promotion and affirmation of cultural heritage within a new “culture of development”.
The Challenges of Planning in the Field of Cultural Heritage in Serbia
Facta Universitatis, Series: Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2018
Serbia is characterized by a rich cultural heritage and cultural diversity, as well as by a developed system of protecting cultural property. The current trend is that of a constant increase of the number of registered cultural properties under protection. Urban settlements in Serbia are characterized by specific typological characteristics and recognizable architectural typologies that are valuable architectural heritage as well as an urban identity factor. Together, protected cultural property and architectural heritage belong to a wider concept of urban heritage in the sense comprised in the modern charters on the protection of cultural heritage (HUL). The primary starting point of the paper is that the law and plans in Serbia must become more sensitive to the context. In addition to protecting registered property, the protection of buildings and other structures that are not cultural heritage should also be introduced. However, current planning practice in Serbia does not sufficiently recognize cultural heritage in the wider sense of urban heritage, nor does it affirm it as an important resource for sustainable development. By analyzing the planning context, the problems and challenges in terms of institutional, legal and governance frameworks, as well as planning methodologies, can be identified. The paper is a contribution to the contextual analysis within the National Strategy for the Sustainable and Integral Urban Development of Serbia (currently developing within a wider team of experts), with the aim of affirming the cultural potential of Serbia and incorporating the topic of cultural heritage as a resource for sustainable development into Serbia's development programs and projects.
Serbia: Current Risk in Heritage Protection
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The important political and social changes in Serbia in the early 21st century started a process of democratisation, establishing closer ties with Europe, which contributed to intensified efforts for ratifying international conventions in the field of heritage protection and management from 2007 onwards.1 However, despite positive efforts, the protection and preservation of the cultural heritage in Serbia still show signs of a transitional phase with many of the general problems well-known in the former Eastern European countries, as well as specific conditions which are the result of recent political conflicts in the region, presenting a risk to the preservation of heritage. In addition, the cultural heritage in Serbia is also exposed to quite specific risks connected with an extremely acute economic crisis, which marked all activities of the heritage protection service during the 1990s. This is reflected in the problems of collaboration between official institutions and civil orga...
This paper deals with the genesis and evaluation of cultural heritage policy in Serbia since 2000. It elaborates the main factors, issues and problems in implementing cultural heritage policy in Serbia, as well as the impacts of the Ljubljana Process in the period 2003 to 2013. In addition to the policy and institutional framework of cultural policy, other policies influencing cultural heritage are presented and analysed herein. The main weaknesses of the existing system of cultural heritage protection are emphasised in addition to providing guidelines for the future transformation of this field. The impact of the Ljubljana Process has been observed from the aspect of improving professionals’ skills in the field of cultural heritage, financing, increasing the visibility of cultural heritage sites and co-operation, both at the level of different stakeholders in the field of cultural heritage protection as well as at the level of the SEE region.
Heritage - New Paradigm, 2021
The starting point in this paper is the position that spatial and urban planning has a key role in sustainable development and the protection of cultural heritage. The planning method used in areas of cultural heritage differs depending on the type and level of the spatial plan. It is possible to identify aspects of protection and sustainable development in plans, with the protection of cultural heritage dominating in practice. Research was carried out on a case study of three spatial plans at different levels, which both in terms of their methodology and content make up the planning system for the protection and sustainable development of cultural heritage in Serbia. The comparative analysis of the plans includes three aspects: protection, the sustainable development of cultural heritage, and the integration of cultural heritage into the planning and protection of landscapes. The implementation models of the spatial plans were considered. The main conclusion of the paper is that the concept of protecting cultural heritage has not evolved into a system of comprehensive and adequate planning for its sustainable development, nor is it sufficiently integrated with the planning and protection of landscapes. The paper provides guidelines for improving both the methodology of spatial planning and the concept of the sustainable development and protection of cultural heritage in spatial plans.
Economic, Social and Environmental Aspets for the Promotion of Cultural Heritage in the Balkans
This paper attempts an exploration of economic, social and environmental issues that are related to the promotion of cultural heritage of reference areas in the Balkans. The assessment of the value of cultural heritage contributes to the proper management of cultural identity and hence to the promotion of the image of a region. The enhancement and promotion of cultural identity, focusing on sustainable development, is a key issue in urban planning. In theoretical level it is analyzed the economic, social and environmental aspects of an area that affect the promotion of the cultural reserve and are related to the promotion of the area image. The socioeconomic conditions, quality of life, historical traditions and aesthetic values directly affect the cultural environment as an extension of the global environmental system. Contemporary planning policies include practices for the protection and promotion of cultural assets through innovative applications, fulfilling technological requirements. The importance and wealth of cultural reserve in the Balkans is particularly demonstrated by the large number of monuments and sites classified as "World Heritage Sites" by UNESCO, contributing to the promotion of the cultural image of the region, through practical effects. Through specific reference examples, in this paper, we present the new urban policies that enhance the image of the Balkans, highlighting their characteristics. The objective is to evaluate/assess the implementation of economic, social and environmental aspects in planning as an anticipated public benefit in cultural promotion of areas in the Balkans.