Potensi Endofit Akar Bambu sebagai Biokontrol Patogen Fusarium oxysporum Penyakit Kuning Tanaman Lada (original) (raw)
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Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi, 2019
Endophytic bacteria are bacteria in plant tissues that do not cause disturbance in plants and can increase plant resistance to pests and pathogens as well increase plant growth. This study was aimed to determine the ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from chili plants in suppressing the development of fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici and utilize the capability of several carriers as a medium for growing endophytic bacteria to be stored, transported and applied. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria in plant tissues that do not cause disturbance in plants and can increase plant resistance to pests and pathogens and increase plant growth. This study was aimed to determine the ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from chili plants in suppressing the development of fusarium wilt disease caused by fungus F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici. The in vitro antagonistic test results showed that the most effective endophytic bacteria againts isolate of F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici was BE 12 isolate (20.41%). Isolate BE 12 which reacts positively to the fluorescence test has an effect in inhibiting the growth of mycelium from fungus F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici because the endophytic bacteria belong to Pseudomonas fluorescens produces pyoluteorin and pyrrolnitrin compounds that are toxic to pathogen. The characteristic of morphology of all endophytic bacterial isolate a were circular colony with white colour,and flat elevation and undulate margin. Isolates of BE 2, BE 4 and BE 12 were Gram negative, while the other were Gram positive.
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, 2017
Busuk pangkal batang (BPB) merupakan penyakit tular tanah yang disebabkan oleh Phytophthora capsici. Pemanfaatan agens hayati dianggap pendekatan yang efisien untuk penyakit BPB. Cendawan endofit mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan ketahanan tanaman terhadap cekaman biotik dan abiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi cendawan endofit asal akar lada terhadap pertumbuhan dan kemampuannya menekan penyakit BPB pada benih lada. Cendawan endofit diperoleh dengan mengisolasi akar lada menggunakan medium akar kentang dekstrosa (AKD) yang diberi kloramfenikol dan rose bengal. Isolat cendawan yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi dengan melakukan pengamatan morfologi, uji tantang terhadap P. capsici dan uji patogenisitas pada daun lada. Cendawan endofit diinokulasikan pada akar benih lada dengan cara merendam perakaran lada umur 10 minggu ke dalam suspensi cendawan endofit, kemudian ditanam dalam tanah steril untuk diamati. Kandungan hormon IAA dan GA 3 di dalam akar diukur menggunakan TLC scanner satu bulan setelah diinokulasi. Inokulasi P. capsici dilakukan dengan menyiram 50 ml suspensi zoospora (10 6 zoospora/ml) di perakaran lada yang sebelumnya telah diinokulasi cendawan endofit. Benih lada yang hidup diamati satu bulan setelah inokulasi. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan enam isolat tidak berpengaruh nyata pada parameter jumlah daun, buku, dan jumlah tanaman yang mati. Benih lada yang telah diinokulasi cendawan endofit E-5, E-7 dan E-15 mempunyai bobot kering akar berturut-turut 0,83; 0,84 dan 0,81 g dan berbeda nyata dari perlakuan lainnya. Kandungan hormon IAA relatif tinggi dibanding kandungan GA 3 di dalam akar yang diinokulasi dengan ketiga isolat tersebut. Benih lada yang diinokulasi ketiga isolat tersebut lebih dari 80% yang hidup, pada satu bulan setelah diinokulasi P. capsici.
AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian, 2017
The yellowing disease on pepper plant (Pipper nigrum L) caused by plant-parasitic nematodes and F. oxysporum infection is a major disease in Bangka island. The wound that caused by plant-parasitic nematodes will facilitate infection into roots by the pathogen of F. oxysporum easily. This caused the plant sensitive to drought and nutrient deficiency. Utilization of endophytic microbes is one of biological control that environmental friendly and to support sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to explore endophytic isolates can inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum in vitro. The endophytes were isolated from bamboo root and selected their antagonistic potential against F.oxysforum by dual culture methods. The study resulted an endophytic bacteria and 13 isolates of endophytic fungi that inhibit mycelium growth of F. oxysforum. The antagonistic activity of endophytic bacteria to F. oxysforum is 28.25% by antibiosis mechanism and endophytic fungi, about 11.00-58.25% by space c...
Cendawan Endofit yang Potensial Meningkatkan Ketahanan Cabai Merah terhadap Penyakit Layu Bakteri
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia
Ralstonia solanacearum has been known to cause bacterial wilt disease on chili pepper. Despite many reports on the potential use of endophytic fungi to induce plant resistance, its utilization to suppress bacterial wilt disease of chili has not been widely reported. The aims of this research was to screen potential endophytic fungi that may increase chili resistance against bacterial wilt disease. Selection of endophytic fungi was done using in vivo and antibiosis test. Strains of fungi were considered the most potent in suppressing the development of bacterial wilt in chilli were identified. Ten out of 62 isolates of endophytic fungi gave the highest suppression on chilli’s bacterial wilt disease. Most strains of endophytic fungi were able to suppress the development of bacterial wilt disease, but not always positively correlated to the vegetative and generative growth of chilli. Based on the level of disease intensity and the growth of plants were obtained three strains of end...
Karakteristik Bakteri Endofit Akar Tanaman Kedelai Penghasil Hormon Tumbuh IAA
Biotropic : The Journal of Tropical Biology
The increase in soybean production and productivity has become a significant focus in the effort to meet global food demands. The use of environmentally friendly agricultural technologies and practices is a vigorously pursued strategy. Endophytic bacteria are one of the potential bioagents that can stimulate plant growth. The ability of endophytic bacteria to synthesizing the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) can be an alternative in the effort to enhance soybean plant productivity and ensure long-term agricultural sustainability. The objective of this study is to analyze diversity and ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from soybean roots to produce IAA. This research was conducted through several stages, including the isolation of endophytic bacteria from soybean root, evaluating the isolates' ablity for IAA production, and characterizing potential isolates based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. This research indicated that a total of 11 endophytic b...
Eksplorasi bakteri endofit sebagai agen biokontrol dan pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman tomat telah banyak dilakukan. Isolat tunggal bakteri endofit diketahui berpotensi sebagai agen biokontrol dan pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman, namun sampai saat ini masih sangat sedikit informasi mengenai isolat konsorsium bakteri endofit terutama dari tanaman kehutanan. Tanaman kehutanan diduga memiliki keragaman mikroba endofit yang tinggi karena berada di ekosistem yang belum bayak mengalami modifikasi, oleh karena itu diperlukan isolasi dan uji potensi konsorsium bakteri endofit asal tanaman kehutanan. Isolasi dilakukan dari bagian akar tanaman pada medium tryptone soya agar (TSA) 20%. Isolat yang didapat diuji hipersensitif untuk mendapatkan bakteri non-patogen. Isolat yang lulus seleksi diuji kemampuannya untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit tomat dengan cara merendam benih tomat pada suspensi bakteri endofit yang telah dibiakkan dalam medium tryptone soya broth (TSB). Pengujian selanjutnya adalah mengukur kemampuan bakteri endofit dalam menekan pertumbuhan Fusarium oxysporum dan Sclerotium rolfsii secara in vitro. Berdasarkan uji yang dilakukan diperoleh 5 isolat konsorsium bakteri endofit mampu menekan pertumbuhan F. oysporum dan S. rolfsii secara in vitro, dan 1 isolat mampu memacu pertumbuhan tanaman tomat. Kata Kunci: agen antagonis, Fusarium oxysporum, plant growth promotor, Sclerotium rolfsii
ABSTRAK Infeksi nematoda puru akar (NPA) Meloidogyne incognita pada tomat dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil. Keefektifan kelompok bakteri endofit asal akar tanaman sebagai agens pengendali NPA sampai saat ini masih belum banyak dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan kelompok bakteri endofit dari 16 jenis akar tanaman yang efektif sebagai agens pengendali NPA. Bakteri diisolasi menggunakan medium NA 20%, NA 50%, TSA 20%, TSA 50%, dan Kings'B. Bakteri yang menunjukkan hasil negatif pada uji hipersensitif dan aktivitas hemolisis diuji kemampuannya dalam menghasilkan enzim protease dan kitinase, dan sianida. Bakteri endofit yang sama juga diuji kemampuannya mengendalikan M. incognita juvenil 2 pada tomat dengan perlakuan perendaman benih dan penyiraman suspensi. Peubah agronomi dan patologi diukur 40 hari setelah infestasi nematoda. Sebanyak 80 kelompok bakteri endofit berhasil diisolasi, 17 di antaranya berpotensi sebagai kandidat agens pengendali NPA. Uji fisiologis menunjukkan 16 kelompok menghasilkan protease, 12 kelompok menghasilkan kitinase, dan 5 kelompok menghasilkan senyawa sianida. Kelompok bakteri TmtN5 asal tanaman tomat paling efektif dalam menekan kerusakan akar dan populasi NPA. Kelompok bakteri tersebut mampu menghasilkan enzim kitinase, protease, dan senyawa sianida. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi baru bahwa kelompok bakteri endofit asal berbagai macam akar tanaman memiliki potensi sebagai agens pengendali NPA.
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI)
Ability of Active Compound Extract of Endophytic Bacteria to Inhibit the Growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. in Oil Palm ABSTRACTWilt vessels disease in oil palm plants is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. This disease is very harmful because of its ability to kill the infected oil palm plant in less than a year. Endophytic bacteria are likely to be biological controllers for the disease because of their ability to produce bioactive antifungal compounds. Isolation of endophytic bacteria from oil palm plant and activity test of their active compounds against F. oxysporum f.sp. in vitro had been done. Antagonistic test of endophytic bacterial isolates against F. oxysporum f.sp. was carried out using a double culture method. The potential endophytic bacterial isolates were extracted using ethyl acetate solvent for their active compounds, which were then tested for its activity in inhibiting the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. The results showed that the active compound extract of B11 endo...
2019
Endophytes are microbes (bacteria, fungi, or actinomycetes) that live and colonize the host tissue without causing negative effects, even giving benefits to the host. One of the advantages is as a biological control agent for both insect pests and pathogens that cause plant diseases. As a biological agent, endophytes can reduce plant damage by insects, nematodes, or pathogens that cause disease through induction of plant resistance. In addition, endophytes can also function as biological agents through antagonistic interactions and competition. The purpose of this study was to obtain endophytic fungi which are potentially as biological agents of insect pests; the mechanism, as well as the application of endophytes in plantation crops. The potential of enndofit fungus in controlling Fusarium sp carried by soybean seeds was also tested.