Prevalence Models to Support Participation: Sensory Patterns as a Feature of All Children’s Humanity (original) (raw)
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The Sensory Profile: The Performance of a National Sample of Children Without Disabilities
American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1997
Objectives. The purpose of this study was to obtain data about a national sample of children without disabilities on the 125-item revision of the Sensory Profile, a tool derived from sensory history items reported in the literature and designed to evaluate children’s responses to commonly occurring sensory events. Method. Parents of 1,115 children completed the Sensory Profile. The children were 3 to 10 years of age and did not have disabilities. Parents used a 5-point Likert scale to report the percentage of time their children engaged in each behavior Researchers then analyzed the data, using multivariate methods to identify trends in performance and age and gender differences. Results. Ninety-one (73%) of the profile’s 125 items were found to be uncommon behaviors for this national sample of children without disabilities. Although age and gender differences were significant (p < .001), effect sizes were so small (i.e., below .2) that differences were not meaningful for clinica...
The Sensory Profile: A Discriminant Analysis of Children With and Without Disabilities
American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1998
Objectives. The purpose of this study was to determine which factors on the Sensory Profile, a measure of children’s responses to commonly occurring sensory experiences, best discriminate among children with autism or pervasive developmental disorder (PDD), children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and children without disabilities. Method. Data for three groups of children 3 to 15 years of age were used: 38 children with autism or PDD, 61 with ADHD, and 1,075 without disabilities. The researchers conducted a discriminate analysis on the three groups, using group membership as the dependent variable and the nine factors of the Sensory Profile as independent variables. Results. The analysis yielded two discriminant functions: one that differentiated children with disabilities from children without disabilities and another that differentiated the two groups of children with disabilities from each other. Nearly 90% of the cases were correctly classified with these ...
Factor Analysis on the Sensory Profile From a National Sample of Children Without Disabilities
The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1997
Objective. The purpose of this study was to identify relationships in the 125 items of the revised Sensory Profile, a tool designed to assess children’s responses to commonly occurring sensory events. Method. Parents of 1,115 children ages 3 to 10 years and without disabilities completed the Sensory Profile. The parents reported the percentage of time their children engaged in each of the 125 behaviors listed on the profile. Results. Factor analysis revealed nine discreet factors that indicate sensory modulation and responsiveness: sensory seeking, emotionally reactive, low endurance/tone, oral sensory sensitivity, inattention/distractibility, poor registration, sensory sensitivity, sedentary, and fine motor/perceptual. Conclusions. In addition to the traditional method of organizing sensory history information by sensory system, we may need to consider a person’s thresholds to sensory events as well as his or her responsiveness to sensation. Because the Sensory Profile factors in t...
Occupational Therapy International, 2006
The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which patterns of response of typical children aged 3 to 10 in Israel, as reported in the Sensory Profile (Dunn, 1999), were similar to typical children in the United States. The Sensory Profile is a caregiver questionnaire designed to assess sensory processing abilities. A translated Hebrew version of the Sensory Profile was completed by parents of 714 typically developing children who were recruited from across Israel. The mean scores of the Israeli children were compared to the published mean scores of the American children at the section and factor level to determine whether the scoring system of the Sensory Profile would be applicable for Israeli children. The findings revealed that, in some sections and factor clusters, the scores of Israeli children were lower than the scores of the American children across all ages. Although the Israeli children scored lower, overall, their scores were within the established range of typical performance. Initial support for the application of the scoring system of the Sensory Profile in Israel is suggested. Due to the nature of the sample of Israeli children, future studies are recommended with a national representative sample and with specific disability groups to further validate the clinical use of the Sensory Profile in Israel.
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 2021
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to establish the item analysis and internal consistency of the Persian version of the Child Sensory Profile 2 in 2 groups of typical and atypical children (autism spectrum disorder and learning disabilities) aged 3 to 14 years. Method: The sample of this study included 120 typical and atypical children aged 3 to 14 years who referred to schools and rehabilitation centers in Tehran were selected using multistage sampling method. To collect data, the Child Sensory Profile 2 questionnaire was used, which is a set of questionnaires of the Sensory Profile 2. To analyze the data, the discrimination index was used to determine the discriminant validity of the Child Sensory Profile 2, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the reliability in terms of internal consistency. Results: Discrimination index was satisfactory for all the items of the Child Sensory Profile 2. The values of Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.795-...
Infants & Young Children, 2007
There is an accumulating literature describing sensory processing in young children and suggesting the importance of this knowledge for understanding the characteristics of vulnerable children. Professionals and families need a working knowledge about sensory processing because it enables them to understand and interpret children's behaviors and to tailor everyday life routines so that children may have successful and satisfying experiences. This article reviews Dunn's model of sensory processing, and summarizes both typical and special population evidences that demonstrate support for the model. The article also describes how the concepts in this model are reflected in everyday behaviors so that readers can link the concepts to their own knowledge about young children. Since processing concepts are based on evidence across the lifespan, this knowledge can also enable caregivers to understand their own responses as well. The article then discusses the application of sensory processing knowledge within natural contexts and routines, arguing that using sensory processing knowledge to analyze, adapt, and support the established routines is an effective application of knowledge. Finally, the article provides specific suggestions for adapting everyday life situations to meet the needs of children with different patterns of sensory processing, and illustrates how adults can manage their own sensory processing needs as they care for young children.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Sensory processing difficulties may have potential detrimental consequences on the physical, social and intellectual development of children. It includes serious disturbances affecting emotional regulation, motor performance, social behavior and daily life functioning, among others factors. Since these symptoms are more frequent among children with disabilities, most research has been carried out in clinical populations. However, recent studies have suggested that sensory problems may be prevalent in around 20% of children without clinical conditions. To date, epidemiological research on sensory dysfunctions in normally developing children is lacking; therefore, it is unknown whether or not sensory processing difficulties are significant factors that affect child’s development. Hence, this study has a double general purpose: (1) to determine the sensory profile of school-aged children; (2) to examine the associations between atypical sensory processing patterns and socio-demographic...
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2022
Background: Sensory reactivity is considered one of the diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and has been associated with poorer functional outcomes, behavioral difficulties, and autism severity across the lifespan. The characterization of the sensory processing in ASD has thus become crucial to identify the sensory and motor features influencing the development of personal autonomy. Objectives: The present study has two aims: (1) to compare the sensory processing between school-aged children with ASD and typically developing peers (TD); (2) to evaluate whether, within the ASD sample, the cognitive level and reported sensory symptoms explain the scores exhibited at the Sensory Processing Measure (SPM-2). Methods: The SPM-2 test was administered to the parents of 105 children with ASD and 70 TD. The ASD group was further subdivided into two groups, namely high and low functioning based on their cognitive level (High Functioning (HF), IQ > 80; Low Functioning (LF...
Performance of Typical Children on the Sensory Profile: An Item Analysis
American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1994
Objectives. The purpose of this study was to obtain data about typical children on the 99-item Sensory Profile, a newly developed tool derived from sensory history items reported in the literature and designed to assess children’s responses of commonly occurring sensory events. Method. Parents of 64 typical children 3 to 10 years of age completed the Sensory Profile; parents used a five-point Likert scale to report the percentage of time their children engaged in each behavior Researchers then analyzed these percentages to determine differences by age and gender. Results. Sixty-seven of the items on the Sensory Profile were found to be uncommon for these typical children. On further analysis with a multivariate analysis of variance and appropriate follow-up procedures, one item was more common for younger children, and four items were more common for girls. Conclusion. Two thirds of the items on the Sensory Profile were uncommon for typical children and thus may contribute useful in...