The Prevalence and Severity of Joint Problems and Disability in Patients with Poliomyelitis in Urban India (original) (raw)
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Orient Journal of Medicine, 2013
Background : Poliomyelitis has remained endemic in Nigeria despite the efforts made by governments to eradicate the disease. The deformities arising from poliomyelitis (polio) make the establishment of rehabilitation centres a public health priority. Objective : To study the epidemiology, nature and distribution of polio induced deformities at the Prosthesis and Orthotics Rehabilitation Centre in Okigwe, Imo State, South-East Nigeria. Methodology: Two hundred and fifty case notes of polio deformed patients seen at the centre between 1986 and 1990 were studied. Simple statistical methods like percentages were used for data analysis. Results: Out of the 250 cases studied, 150 (60%) were males while 100 (40%) were females. The age group most commonly affected by deformities was 6-10 years (35.6%) while the least was 16-20years (11.2%). The joints most affected by polio deformities were the knee (38%), ankle (34%) and hip (28%). The nature of deformities include: fixed flexion at the hi...
Asian Journal of Pediatric Research, 2019
Background: Poliomyelitis is known to bring about huge complications that foist debilitating disabilities on a patient with poliomyelitis. Most post-polio survivors live with disabilities throughout a lifetime with an attendant social and economic consequence. Objective: Based on the findings from subjective assessment and physical examination, the objective of the current study focused on early physiotherapy intervention measures for preventing complications such as contracture, joint stiffness, muscle wasting, severe gait abnormality, Case Study
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2020
Pakistan is one of the only three countries in the world with an enduring poliovirus transmission, making poliomyelitis an important health concern for Pakistan. Paralytic scoliosis is a common musculoskeletal dysfunction associated with poliomyelitis. To determine the occurrence of paralytic scoliosis a cross-sectional study was conducted at Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi from 2015 to 2018. All patients with poliomyelitis reporting to the hospital were included, whereas patients with scoliosis but no poliomyelitis were excluded. Cobb’s angle was used to determine the severity of scoliotic curves. Pearson correlation was used to determine the correlation of Cobb’s angle with age and Independent T-test was used to determine the difference in terms of gender. Confidence interval was kept at 95%. A total of 51 patients with poliomyelitis were included in the study with a mean age of 28.58±15.07 years.
POLIOMYELITIS: A STILL PERSISTENT CHALLENGE
Abstract: Poliomyelitis, also known as polio, is a highly contagious and acute infectious disease. It can lead tobreathing problems, paralysis and even death in severe cases. It is caused by polio virus, which is highly contagious and specific to humans. Poliovirus is generally found in areas with poor sanitation. It can easily spread through faecal-oral route through unhygienic conditions, contaminated food and water, and unsuitable waste fluids’ dumping. It can also pass of infected to healthy persons through direct contact. It is having a normal incubation period of 7–14 days. Vaccination is the control measure for polio. World health organization and other organizations working for human health are working hard to eradicate poliomyelitis all around the world. But unfortunately some of thedeveloping and under-develop countries like Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria have never been declared as polio free countries. In 2012; 233, while in 2013; 406 cases were reported, which is an alarming sign. Till September 2014; a total of 146 with 23 new cases have been reported and is still counting across Pakistan only. It means that polio still persists as a threatening challenge for medical research and organizations working for human health. This article comprehensively reviews history, therapeutic remedies, philanthropy and exaggeration concerning polio, and current status of poliomyelitis across the globe.
Khyber Medical University Journal, 2016
ObjectiveTo identify the potential barriers to polio rehabilitation treatment in patients of Karachi, Pakistan.MethodologyA mix methods study was conducted in the city of Karachi, Pakistan for 4 months and gathered data from polio survivors and physical therapists involved in rehabilitation treatment of polio patients. The study had a quantitative part supplemented by a questionnaire and a qualitative part in which in-depth interviews were conducted. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Research Review Board, Clifton Hospital and Board of Advance Study and Research (BASR) of Hamdard University, Madinatul Hikmah, Karachi, Pakistan.ResultsA total of 102 physical therapists and 120 polio survivors consented to participate. The mean age of the physical therapists was 36.1 years (SD 6.4), majority was male (77.5%) and with work experience of over 10 years (44.1%). The mean age of the polio survivors was 30.6 years (SD 8.4). Majority had low monthly family income i.e. PKR 15...
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2005
Stolwijk-Swüste JM, Beelen A, Lankhorst GJ, Nollet F, for the CARPA Study Group. The course of functional status and muscle strength in patients with late-onset sequelae of poliomyelitis: a systematic review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005;86:1693-701. Objectives: To review systematically studies of late-onset polio sequelae on the course of functional status and muscle strength over time and to identify prognostic factors of change. Data Sources: We conducted a computerized literature search up to July 2004 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsychInfo, and the Cochrane controlled trial register using the key words: postpolio, postpoliomyelitis, postpoliomyelitis syndrome, post poliomyelitis muscular atrophy, and poliomyelitis.
A systematic review of the worldwide prevalence of survivors of poliomyelitis reported in 31 studies
BMJ Open, 2017
Background Accurate prevalence figures estimating the number of survivors of poliomyelitis (disease causing acute flaccid paralysis) following poliovirus infection are not available. We aim to undertake a systematic review of all literature concerning the prevalence of survivors of poliomyelitis. Methods Electronic databases were searched from 1900 up to May 2016 for peer-reviewed studies using a population-based approach witha defined denominator and some form of diagnostic or clinical verification of polio. Exclusion criteria were any prevalence data that were unable to be extracted or calculated and studies reporting on incidence only. The quality of each included study was assessed using an existing tool modified for use in prevalence studies. Average crude prevalence rates were used to calculate worldwide estimates. Results Thirty-one studies met criteria with 90% of studies conducted in low-income to lower middle-income countries. Significant variability in the prevalence of survivors of poliomyelitis was revealed, in low-income to lower middle-income (15 per 100 000 in Nigeria to 1733 in India) and upper-middle to high-income countries (24 (Japan) to 380 per 100 000 (Brazil). The total combined prevalence of survivors of poliomyelitis for those studies at low to moderate risk of bias ranged from 165 (highincome countries) to 425 (low-income to lower middleincome countries) per 100 000 person-years. Historical lameness surveys of children predominated, with wide variation in case definition and assessment criteria, and limited relevance to current prevalence given the lack of incidence of poliovirus infection in the ensuing years. Conclusions These results highlight the need for future epidemiological studies of poliomyelitis to examine nationally representative samples, including all ages and greater focus on high-income countries. Such efforts will improve capacity to provide reliable and more robust worldwide prevalence estimates.
Polio revisited: reviving knowledge and skills to meet the challenge of resurgence
Journal of Children's Orthopaedics, 2015
Purpose To date, polio has not been eradicated and there appears to be a resurgence of the disease. Hence, there is a need to revive decision-making skills to treat the effects of polio. Methods Here, we outline the aspects of treatment of paralysis following polio based on the literature and personal experience of the authors. The surgical treatment of the lower and upper extremities and the spine have been reviewed. The scope of bracing of the lower limb has been defined. Results The effects of polio can be mitigated by judicious correction of deformities, restoration of muscle balance, stabilising unstable joints and compensating for limb length inequality. Conclusions As polio has not been eradicated and there is a risk of resurgence of the disease, paediatric orthopaedic surgeons need to be prepared to deal with fresh cases of polio. Revival of old techniques for managing the effects of paralysis following polio is needed.
Poliomyelitis-Related Case-Fatality Ratio in India, 20022006
Clinical Infectious …, 2011
Background. On the basis of studies from developed countries, the case-fatality ratio (CFR) of poliomyelitis generally ranges from 2%5% among children <5 years of age to 10%30% among adults. However, little information is available for poliomyelitis-related CFR in developing ...