The Culture Industry in Brazil (original) (raw)
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This past decade, according to the 2016 UNESCO report, the growth of trade in cul-tural goods has been led by a small group of developed countries, such as China. Atthe same time emerging markets such as Brazil have played an important role in theexport of these goods and the digital transformation of culture. In this sense, it ispossible that there is a reordering of world consumption arising from a greater diver-sification of the export agenda or an adaptation of these emerging countries to theWestern export model, or rather, the parameters of North American and Europeancultural expansion. Therefore, we sought to gather data/information with the pur-pose of answering the following research problem: what is the place of Brazil in the difusion of cultural goods and services in the world? Given the extensive numberof variables and the dynamics of globalisation, measuring cultural flows has become even more difficult in the era of digitalisation, not only because part of a product maystart manufacturing in one country and be finished in another, but also because thespread of the internet has destroyed physical barriers, impacting areas such as music,books and films. In the development of this work, bibliographical research was used,as well as sources from the Ministry of Culture and Ministry of Foreign Affairs, suchas speeches and UNESCO reports in the field of cultural economy. The bibliographicalresearch was based on scientific publications in the area of public policies, culturaldiplomacy and foreign policy in the Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousse governments. The article is structured in three parts. In the first part, we seek to present changes in the economy of culture in the world. For this, we use the reports of circulation of Brazilian cultural goods and services in the world in the Lula and Dilma governments. Then, wedeal with terms such as cultural diplomacy and soft power in international relations as foreign policy instruments of the Brazilian State. Finally, we also highlight the mainchallenges and adverse effects related to maintenance and continuity in the transition onto the Bolsonaro government. Keywords:
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Este texto faz uma análise panorâmica do processo de institucionalização da arte moderna no Brasil, acompanhando as principais publicações sobre a arte moderna brasileira nas décadas de 1920 a 1950. Temos com o objetivo fazer uma investigação sobre o uso dos termos ‘arte moderna’ e ‘modernismo’ em um conjunto de publicações que abarcam o período de 1922 às primeiras Bienais. Tentarei desta forma, traçar um roteiro de estudo e uma listagem das principais referências bibliográficas da época, fornecendo assim subsídios para pesquisa da história da crítica de arte e da historiografia do modernismo brasileiro a partir de fontes primárias. Buscarei fundamentalmente acompanhar, nesta série de publicações, o processo de institucionalização da arte moderna no Brasil, em especial em São Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro, tendo como critério o desenvolvimento da crítica de arte em textos testemunhais, jornalísticos e acadêmicos que foram posteriormente publicados em formato de livro e que ainda serem ...