Economic Evaluation of Recreational Fishery Policies (original) (raw)
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Economic Valuation of Recreational Fishery Policies
2002
Recreational fi sheries around the world provide humans with important economic benefi ts because people derive well-being from participating in the act of fi shing. Many of these benefi ts are diffi cult to value, however, because they are nonmarket in nature and depend on 'free' ecological services. Other sectors of society may also depend on these public goods. It is diffi cult to exclude people from using public goods and there is, therefore, a tendency for them to be under-produced by the private sector. Thus, there is often a need for government policy intervention to ensure the adequate production of public ecological services and resolve confl icts over their use. Policies that affect recreational fi sheries have costs and benefi ts, both for anglers and people in other sectors of society, that must be accounted for if social well-being is to be maximised. Economics can be used to quantify the costs and benefi ts of various policy options available to society, and make recommendations that improve overall economic effi ciency. Overall well-being (welfare) consists of the sum of 'surpluses' accruing to producers and consumers. In this chapter, we outline the principles of economic cost-benefi t analysis of market and nonmarket values for recreational fi sheries using examples from various jurisdictions. We also consider how economic analysis can be used to account for the transaction costs of fi sheries management -costs often borne by society as a whole -for different forms of governance.
Mediterranean Marine Science, 2023
This study analyses the costs of marine recreational activity in Spain for the main fishing modalities and provides a cost-effective economic indicator (CEI) for each of them. The activity costs of 4,999 fishers were collected through an online survey, along with other fishing information. The published results of this survey, catch rates and catch composition, have been used in this study. Daily expenses per fisher were estimated by dividing reported annual expenses by annual fishing days. The CEI was estimated as the ratio of the market value of one kilo of recreational catch to the cost of catching it. The CEI showed differences between modalities in all regions, but of varying magnitudes. It is concluded that the CEI could diagnose the risk level of evolving from recreational towards subsistence fishing. The higher the CEI, the more compensatory the activity and the greater the possibility of moving away from a purely recreational activity in adverse economic conditions.
Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2013
Fishery science and management are concerned with both positive, what happens in a fishery system, and normative, what management should do, questions. Rarely are normative criteria discussed as openly and transparently as the positive techniques and assumptions. Instead, normative criteria are often held implicitly, and often goals, and objectives are defined without careful thought about the normative criteria from which such goals, and objectives derive. Management involves three components: system attributes and dynamics, management options and goals and objectives that stem from normative criteria by which outcomes are judged. There is a need to consider normative frameworks and criteria carefully because normative criteria are intrinsic to any management process. This paper motivates the need to consider normative frameworks and criteria carefully, explores issues associated with developing normative frameworks and criteria that articulate positive science, discusses specific issues to consider when developing normative frameworks for recreational fisheries and provides the bioeconomic framework as an example of a normative framework useful for recreational fisheries.
A Contingent Valuation of Recreational Fishing in Tasmania
Overview The best economic outcome is achieved in a fishery when the total allowable catch has been allocated among competing groups so the value of the last fish caught to each group is the same. Estimating the total value to recreational fishers of additional fish caught is complicated by the fact the recreational fishing experience is not bought or sold in a market (i.e. is a non-market good). This means that a special method of determining its value must be used which does not rely on price data that is usually available from market transactions.
Valuing the Unmarketable: An Ecological Approach to the Externalities Estimate in Fishing Activities
2013
In a rapidly changing world, sustainability, if it can be said to exist at all, is concept that has attained mythic status, often pursued and rarely reached. In order to improve our capability to cope with environmental problems, adopting an Ecosystem Approach has been suggested. One of the major challenges in the implementation of this new paradigm relates to control of externalities. The recognition and quantification of externalities is often cast as valuing the unmarketable, and there are several approaches that have been proposed. Here, we analyze the opportunity to-feed‖ the economic valuation with ecological concepts. From an ecological perspective, the energy required to sustain a biomass unit at a given trophic level (TL) is the same, whatever the species. We build on this central tenet of ecology to assess the value of a TL unit for each trophic position using fish market data. The results obtained were then used to assign a value to each species living in a given habitat, together with consideration of their ecological role within the community. Estimates of both natural capital and functional value were applied to assess the ecological impacts of mechanical clam harvesting versus the multi-species artisanal fishery in the Venice lagoon. Results are discussed in relation to possible contribution to the implementation of a different management strategy.
Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2001
Cost-bene®t analyses (CBAs) of liming programmes in selected acidi®ed rivers and lakes in southern Norway, showed a bene®t±cost ratio (B/C) varying from 1.2 for brown trout, Salmo trutta L., lakes to 4.4. for Atlantic salmon, S. salar L., rivers. Contingent valuation (CV) and travel cost (TC) methods were used to estimate recreational value (use value) and non-use value of increased ®sh stocks. These local studies, and two national CV surveys, were used by the environmental authorities to document the bene®ts of liming and other ®sh stock restoration and preservation programmes. They were also used to calculate social bene®ts from local reductions in air pollution and international agreements on reduced air emissions of acid compounds. The Norwegian Fishing and Hunting Association (NJFF) also successfully used the results to increase the governmental funds for liming by 300% between 1993 and 1995. The NJFF have since used these results to ®ght reductions in the liming budget, and has managed to keep it constant at about 13.5 million annually. However, 40 million are needed annually to neutralize the current acid depositions in Norway. Two national CV surveys found social bene®ts of increased ®sh stocks 2±4 times higher than these costs.
Impact of Recreational Fishery on the Formal Danish Economy
2003
This paper presents estimates of the economic impact of recreational fisheries on the formal economy of Denmark. It utilises primary data from a CVM (con-tingent valuation method)-mail survey conducted in 1999 in Denmark, Norway, Finland, Sweden and Iceland. The sample used in this paper covers 546 Danish respondents (recreational fishermen only). The questions on expenditure were asked in order to
Sustainability Assessment of the Societal Cost of Fishing Activities in a Deliberative Perspective
Re es se ea ar rc ch h i in n E Ec co ol lo og gi ic ca al l E Ec co on no om mi ic cs s, , E Ec co o-I In nn no ov va at ti io on n & & T To oo ol l D De ev ve el lo op pm me en nt t f fo or r S Su us st ta ai in na ab bi il li it ty y R Re ec ch he er rc ch he es s e en n E Ec co on no om mi ie e E Ec co ol lo og gi iq qu ue e, , E Ec co o-I In nn no ov va at ti io on n & & I In ng gé én ni ie er ri ie e d du u D Dé év ve el lo op pp pe em me en nt t S So ou ut te en na ab bl le e Douguet et al.-Sustainability Assessment of the societal cost of Fishing activities in a deliberative perspective-Page2 Cahiers de Recherche REEDS n°2010-04 Juin 2010