Trichophyton rubrum is Inhibited by Free and Nanoparticle Encapsulated Curcumin by Induction of Nitrosative Stress after Photodynamic Activation (original) (raw)

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Curcumin Formulations by Photodynamic Therapy

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 5 (2017) 506-511, 2017

URTI (upper respiratory tract infections) are caused by acute, chronic or recurrent infections including pharyngitis and tonsillitis. The etiologic agents involved are bacteria, virus, and fungi. The standard treatment for bacterial infections is the use of antibiotics. The antibiotic resistance, side effects of drugs and URTI complications indicate the importance of new therapies. PDT (photodynamic therapy) is a treatment option with a fast onset of action, low side effects, and easy administration of PS (photosensitizer) based on this study. The main aim of this study was to develop a new modality for the treatment of infectious pharyngotonsillitis by photodynamic therapy. In addition, this study aims to evaluate components of the therapy as the PS, curcumin, in two formulations and irradiation conditions in the effectiveness of treatment. The procedure consists of two steps: oral administration of CFs (curcumin formulations) containing a PS and illumination (450 nm and 0-60 J/cm 2). Bacterial isolates were obtained from patients in a routine clinical pratice. The new methodology has been developed from the principle of PI (photodynamic inactivation). The strain identification number of colony forming units determined the efficacy of PI using each component, lighting and PS. The use of curcumin formulations in PI presented microbial reduction of 5 log .

Evaluation of the Photodynamic Therapy with Curcumin on L. braziliensis and L. major Amastigotes

Antibiotics

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected disease prevalent in tropical countries with the ability to cause skin lesions. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a specific and topical option for the treatment of these lesions. This study evaluated the response of macrophages infected with L. braziliensis and L. major to PDT with curcumin. Curcumin concentrations were evaluated in serial dilutions from 500.0 to 7.8 µg/mL using LED (λ = 450 ± 5 nm), with a light dose of 10 J/cm2. The Trypan blue viability test, ultrastructural analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mitochondrial polarity by Rhodamine 123 (Rho 123), curcumin internalization by confocal microscopy, and counting of the recovered parasites after the PDT treatment were performed. The lowest concentrations of curcumin (15.6 and 7.8 µg/mL) presented photodynamic inactivation. Cell destruction and internalization of curcumin in both macrophages and intracellular parasites were observed in microscopy techniques. In a...