Arrest in ciliated cell expansion on the bronchial lining of adult rats caused by chronic exposure to industrial noise (original) (raw)
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Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger, 1995
With the aim of evaluating the influence of polluted air on the respiratory epithelium, ten New Zealand white rabbits, from a group of fifteen kept in the country, were transported to a site located in a metropolitan area. After 40 days, all the rabbits were killed, and the bronchial mucosa studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the animals exposed to polluted air, the ciliated cells, less numerous than in normal cases, show an evident decrease in the number and size of the cilia, exposing apical microvilli. It is therefore possible to hypothesize that a part of the non-ciliated cells is made up of cells that have lost their cilia. The number of non-ciliated elements and the amount of mucous secretion appear to have noticeably increased. The considerable response of the respiratory epithelium to inhaled agents appears to be confirmed, as is the irritant effect of polluted city air.
Exposure to hog barn dust alters airway epithelial ciliary beating
European Respiratory Journal, 2008
Swine confinement workers are at increased risk for airway diseases, including mucus membrane irritation syndrome, chronic rhinosinusitis, and chronic bronchitis. Dust extracts from swine confinement facilities stimulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines in bronchial epithelial cells, including interleukin-8 (IL-8). Because IL-8 is capable of blocking beta-agonist-stimulated increases in cilia beating, which impacts mucociliary clearance, we hypothesized that hog barn dust exposure might alter cilia responses to stimulation.
Exposure to noise stress is associated with increased respiratory system morbidity; however the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Thus there is a need for more study about this harmful effect. Sulpiride had been shown to have a protective role against noise stress on other systems but this role did not studied well on respiratory system. Aim of the work: To investigate using histological, histochemical and morphometric methods the possible harmful effects of noise on adult female albino rats'lung, heart and the possible protective role of combined sulpiride treatment. Material and Methods: The present study was carried out on 24 adult female albino ratswhich were randomly divided into Group 1(C, untreated negative control), Group 2 (N, noise exposed or positive control) where rats were exposed to noise “>90 decibel/3h/day” for 1 month, Group 3(D, sulpiride treated) where rats were exposed to sulpiride “0.028 mg/B.W./day” and Group 4 (N+D, noise+ sulpiride exposed). Paraffin sections were prepared for histological, histochemical and morphometric study. Also statistical analysis was done. Results: Rats exposed to noise only or sulpiride only showed highly significant damaging changes on lung such as thickening in the interalveolar septa and obliteration of the alveoli, inflammatory cells infiltration within the pulmonary interstitium, peribronchiolar infiltration and fibrosis, thickening of the pulmonary blood vessels walls, interstitial collagen fibres deposition and apoptotic cellular changes. On the level of heart, highly significant decrease in the diameters of the myocardial muscle fibres with focal areas of necrosis and apoptotic changes was detected. Also, increased collagen fibres deposition was marked in sulpiride group. When noise and sulpiride treatment was combined, the damaging effects were maximized on the lung and to a lesser extent on the heart. Conclusion: These results provide evidence that noise stress cause obvious lung and heart tissue damages. No protective role for sulpiride was proofed. This is as using sulpiride alone or in combination with noise showed marked damaging effects on the lung and heart tissues. Keywords: Noise, Sulpiride, Albino rats, Lung, Heart, Stress, Histology and Histochemsitry.
Exposure to industrial wideband noise increases connective tissue in the rat liver
Noise and Health, 2012
Rats were daily exposed (eight hours/day) for a period of four weeks to the same high-intensity wideband noise that was recorded before in a large textile plant. Histologic observation of liver sections of the rats was used to perform quantitative comparison of hepatic connective tissue (dyed by Masson trichromic staining) between the noise-exposed and control animals. For that, we have photographed at random centrolobular areas of stained rat liver sections. We found that noise exposure resulted in significant enhancement in the area of collagen-rich connective tissue present in the centrolobular domain of the rat liver. Our data strengthen previous evidence showing that fibrotic transformation is a systemic effect of chronic exposure of rodents and humans to industrial wideband noise.
Across-shift changes in upper airways after exposure to bacterial cell wall components
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 2019
Introduction. To assess the across-shift changes of cytokine concentrations in nasal lavage (NAL) samples were collected from workers exposed to bacterial cell wall components present in organic dust in three different occupational environments. Materials and method. The study was conducted in 38 employees including 10 workers from a municipal waste sorting plant (WSP), 20 from a sewage treatment plant (STP) and 8 from an office building (OB), who were established as a reference group, not exposed to organic dust. Interleukins 1β (IL-1β), 6 (IL-6), 8 (IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were examined in NAL before and after work shift on Wednesdays. Bioaerosol exposure was determined by personal measurements and analysed for organic dust, endotoxins (END) and peptidoglycans (PGN). Results. The analysis included the results for IL-8 only, because for the other cytokines their concentrations in 80% of cases were below the detection level. The most polluted were the workplaces in WSP with average concentrations of organic dust-3.47 mg/m 3 , END-96.31 ng/m 3 and PGN-571.88 ng/m 3. The results of IL-8 showed a significant difference between the studied groups after the work shift (p=0.007). Among WSP workers concentrations of IL-8 increased also significantly (p=0.015) during the work shift. Multivariate analysis showed that organic dust and END were the factors that in the most distinct way (p<0.001) influenced changes of IL-8 levels in NAL. Conclusions. Each alteration in the composition of bioaerosols will probably determine the changes in the mechanisms responsible for both formation and modulation of inflammatory reactions in exposed workers.
Effects of noise exposure on catalase activity of growing lymphocytes
Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences / Udruženje basičnih mediciniskih znanosti = Association of Basic Medical Sciences, 2011
Oxidative stress due to noise was estimated at cell level using model of growing lymphocytes. Lymphocytes were isolated and cultured using conventional methodology. Cell culture of each group was exposed to sound of frequency 1 KHz during incubation. Three groups were defined on the basis of exposure of sound with specific range of intensity and duration of exposure. Group A and Group B were exposed to sound with intensity 110 dBA for four hours per day and for eight hours per day respectively. Control group was exposed to sound less than 85 dBA. Viable cell count was performed using trypan blue. Catalase activity of each group was estimated using ELISA kit.Viable cell count of Group A and Group B was almost same but significantly less than that of control group. Catalase activity of lymphocytes in Group B was significantly low as compared to Group A and controls (p=0.003, p< 0.05). There was no significant difference between catalase activity of Group A and control group.Exposur...