Echinacea angustifolia: An Emerging Medicinal (original) (raw)
Industrial Crops and Products, 2010
Echinacea angustifolia var. angustifolia (Asteraceae) is widely used in the nutraceutical, cosmetic and pharmaceutical markets. Echinacoside, a phenol glycoside, is actually considered the marker compound and it is used for the assessment of quality of the roots. The plant material containing at least 1% of echinacoside is required by the market for the production of standardized extracts. The selection of highproducing secondary metabolites plants is necessary for an advantageous cultivation of this medicinal plant. Two Canadian accessions of E. angustifolia were cultivated and analyzed for their content in secondary metabolites showing high content of echinacoside (1.29% and 1.65%, respectively) resulting as interesting candidates for a profitable cultivation and a further selection work.
Journal Of Herbal Pharmacotherapy, 2005
The German Commission E discourages use of echinacea in patients with autoimmune diseases, but this warning is based on theoretical considerations rather than human data. Historical or Theoretical Uses Which Lack Sufficient Evidence Abscesses, acne, bacterial infections, bee stings, boils, burn wounds, 4 candidiasis, diphtheria, dizziness, dyspepsia, catarrh, eczema, 4 gingivitis, hemorrhoids, herpes labialis, 5 HIV infection, 6 insect bites, 7-9 malaria, migraine headache, nasopharyngeal catarrh, pain, psoriasis, pyorrhea, recurrent vaginal candidiasis, 10 respiratory infections in dogs, 11 rheumatism, septicemia, snake bites, skin ulcers, 4 skin wounds , 4 Staphylococcal infections, Streptococcal infections, syphilis, tonsilitis, typhoid, urinary tract infection, urinary disorders, 12 whooping cough. 13 Expert Opinion and Historic/Folkloric Precedent Natural medicine experts frequently recommend echinacea species oral extracts for treatment of the common cold, and for other conditions requiring "immune stimulation." It is occasionally recommended for topical treatment of wounds. Internal use of Echinacea pallida root and E. purpurea herb (above ground parts) has been approved by the German Commission E expert panel for supportive therapy of influenzalike infections. Despite a paucity of scientific evidence, the German Commission E has approved E. purpurea orally for supportive treatment of chronic respiratory infections, lower urinary tract infections, and for topical treat
Promising Directions of Use of Echinacea Moench. In Ukraine
Grail of Science
The introduction of plants is an important task of modern botanical science. Relevance is significantly increased when introduced species are multifunctional in use. According to our research, these criteria are met by representatives of the genus Echinacea (Echinacea Moench.), which for the most part, previously positioned only as medicinal plants.
Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench: Biological and Pharmacological Properties. A Review
Plants
Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench (EP)is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant, commonly known as purple coneflower and it belongs to the Asteraceae family. The Echinacea genus is originally from North America, in the United States, and its species are widely distributed throughout. There are nine different species of Echinacea, but only three of them are used as medicinal plants with wide therapeutic uses: Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench, Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. and Echinacea angustifolia DC. Several significant groups of bioactive compounds with pharmacological activities have been isolated from Echinacea species. Numerous beneficial effects have been demonstrated about these compounds. The immunomodulatory effect was initially demonstrated, but over time other effects have also been highlighted. The present review gives a comprehensive summary of the chemical constituents, bioactive compounds, biological effects and therapeutical uses of purple coneflower. Research shows tha...
Phytochemical variation within populations of Echinacea angustifolia (Asteraceae)
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2002
Quantitative evaluation of phytochemical diversity in Echinacea angustifolia DC. populations from different natural geographic areas supports the existence of distinct natural chemotypes within the species. Consumers, growers and manufacturers of phytomedicines are interested in chemotype identification for prediction of phytochemical content in cultivar development. Six month old E. angustifolia roots, grown from nine different wild seed sources in a controlled environment, were extracted into 70% ethanol and 28 reported phytochemicals were measured by HPLC separation. Two-way ANOVA between the nine populations revealed quantitative differences (pϽ0.05) in the caffeic acid derivatives 2,3-O-dicaffeoyl tartaric acid (cichoric acid), 2-O-caffeoyl tartaric acid (caftaric acid), 1,3-dicaffeoyl-quinic acid (cynarin), echinacoside and ten reported alkamides. Canonical discriminant analysis determined the phytochemical variables which contributed the most towards chemotype distinction for five of the nine populations: undeca-2E,4Z-diene-8,10-diynoic acid-2-methylbutylamide * , dodeca-2E,4Edienoic acid isobutylamide * , dodeca-2E-ene-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide * * , hexadeca-2E,9Z-diene-12,14-diynoic acid isobutylamide * , cichoric acid * * , caftaric acid * , and echinacoside * * (* pϽ0.0001, * * pϽ0.05). Five of those compounds were also significantly associated with latitudinal variation by regression analyses (pϽ0.05).
International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences PHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF ECHINACEA PURPUREA
Echinacea (E.) purpurea is a medicinal herb commonly known as the purple coneflower, red sunflower and rudbeckia. Echinacea purpurea, a plant is mostly used to treat respiratory infections. This paper reviews the history, chemistry and pharmacological action of Echinacea species. The Echinacea species, Echinacea angustifolia, Echinacea pallida and Echinacea purpurea have a long history of medicinal use particularly infections, and today Echinacea preparations are the best herbal medicine used in several countries like America, Germany, Australia, Thailand and some other European countries. Mainly Echinacea is focused on its immunomodulatory effects, anti inflammatory and antioxidant effects, anti viral effects, particularly in the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. The chemistry and pharmacology action of Echinacea species is well documented and several groups of bioactive constituents, including alkamides and lipophilic alkamides, water-soluble phenolic compounds (mainly caffeic acid derivatives) and polysaccharides, benzalkonium chloride are considered important for its activity. The efficacy of Echinacea is not yet revealed completely. From the available data it is reported Echinacea appears to be well tolerated. However, further investigation and surveillance are necessary to establish the safety profiles of different Echinacea preparations. Safety issues include the possibility of allergic reaction, dose dependent adverse effects and overdose. In this article we have reviewed the role of bioactive compounds and the pharmacological properties of Echinacea purpurea.
The Study of Echinacea Purpurea (L.) Moench Species Varieties, Biology and Active Principles Content
Medicinal vegetal products of Echinacea radix (roots) or Echinacea herba (aerial part) are included among the products with an imunistimulatory action, and depending on the active principles they belong to the products with fenil-propionic compounds and imunomodulatory polizaharides. The experience took place during 2004 and 2005, and as followed he fenology of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench with different origin received from several areas from Europe (8) and a population from Cluj, plants bred by seedlings. Among the species taken into study, in the experimental years studied, Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench, in climatic conditions from Cluj-Napoca, the latest proved to be: Porrentry-Switzerland and Population of Cluj-România, representing value for precocity growing in breeding programs. Aerial parts had a major contribution to the total plants weight. It was noticed that, in each years studied, the species from Varşovia-Poland, Mőnchen-Germany, Siena-Italy and Jena-Germany. Among the studied species, in the two years of the experience, there weren`t any major differences concerning the content of fenil-propionic and imunostimulatory polizaharides.
Resprouting of Echinacea angustifolia Augments Sustainability of Wild Medicinal Plant Populations
Economic Botany, 2008
Resprouting of Echinacea angustifolia Augments Sustainability of Wild Medicinal Plant Populations. Overharvest of wild Echinacea species root has been a significant concern to the herbal industry. Harvesters of wild Echinacea angustifolia showed us that even after harvesting the top 15 to 20 cm of root, some plants resprout. We marked locations of harvested plants at sites in Kansas and Montana and reexamined them two years later to see if they resprouted from remaining root reserves. Approximately 50% of the roots resprouted at both Kansas and Montana sampling sites, despite droughty weather conditions in Montana. The length of root harvested significantly affected the ability of the plant to resprout. Those plants that were more shallowly harvested and had less root length removed were more likely to resprout. These data indicate that echinacea stands can recover over time from intensive harvest if periods of nonharvest occur. Our echinacea harvest study emphasizes that the entire biology of medicinal plants must be considered when evaluating their conservation status.