Optimum design of steel structures (original) (raw)
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The Effect of Optimization on the Design of Steel Structures
MultiScience - XXXIII. microCAD International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference, 2019
In structural design, it is difficult to find the best solution. Optimization help finding these. In this paper, the basis of cost calculation is shown and some applications on welded structures like a stiffened shell, planar truss structure, stiffened plates. The objective function is the cost or mass of the structure, the constraints are static, or dynamic stresses, stabilities, size constraints. The examples describe the benefits of optimization.
Optimization in Structural Analysis and Design
2009
Two main tasks of a structural engineer, as for many other branches of engineering, are analysis and design. Among these two, the latter needs more knowledge, skill and experience. It even comprises completely the first one, that is, a designer must already have the capacity of analysis.
Structural Design Optimization-Numerical and Simulation Approaches
2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings
is a graduate of Elizabeth City State University, acquiring a Bachelor Degree of Science in Engineering Technology, focus on Mechanics and Automation. Momen also minored in Mathematics, as he desired to be versatile and knowledgeable in the Engineering world. His research interest are in structural engineering, bridges, and aspires further education in those fields.
Cost-Effective Design of Structural Elements through the Process of Structural Optimization
Journal of Civil Engineering Research, 2014
In the design of structural elements, there is usually more than one feasible and equally safe solution, even though not all of them may be cost-effective. Obtaining the cost-effective design out of the numerous designs is tedious, cumbersome and time-consuming. This work present the result of optimization process of a structural element carried out by using the numerical features of the Excel software. In the optimizing process, cost effectiveness in terms of area reinforcement and cross section is required, but subject to the constraints of deflection and cracking imposed by the Standard in operation. The result shows that optimal design of any structural element can be achieved by following the proposed methodology. The method also has the added advantage of reuse once it is put in operation.
Anti-Optimization Problems Arising in Optimization of Structural Steelwork
International Conference on Aerospace Sciences & Aviation Technology, 2001
In this paper a structural optimization technique based on a genetic algorithm (GA) is presented. The technique is developed to deal with discrete structural optimization of 2D steel frame structures. Also from a structural point of view, the paper explores the maximum ratio of the effective buckling length when using the finite element approach and that by the British Standard (BS 5950) approach. In order to consider realistic steelwork design problems, the developed technique has been linked to a system of structural design rules (British Standards BS 5950 and BS 6399), interacting with a finite element package (ANSYS). In the formulation of the optimization problem, the objective function is the maximum ratio of the effective buckling length of a column evaluated by FEM and that by BS5950. The crosssectional properties of the structural members, which form the set of design variables, are chosen from two separate catalogues (universal beams and columns covered by British Standards BS 4). The constraints are imposed on the design criteria stipulated by BS 5950. Two 2D steel frame structures having different number of design variables and subjected to multiple loading cases are analyzed. These examples show that the developed technique based on GA can be successfully incorporated in discrete structural optimization problems of steel frame structures.
Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 2015
High powered computers and engineering computer systems allow designers to routinely simulate complex physical phenomena. The presented work deals with the analysis of two finite element method optimization techniques (First Order Method-FOM and Subproblem Approximation Method-SAM) implemented in the individual Design Optimization module in the Ansys software to analyze the behavior of real problems. A design optimization is a difficult mathematical process, intended to find the minimum or maximum of an objective function, which is mostly based on iterative procedure. Using optimization techniques in engineering designs requires detailed knowledge of the analyzed problem but also an ability to select the appropriate optimization method. The methods embedded in advanced computer software are based on different optimization techniques and their efficiency is significantly influenced by the specific character of a problem. The efficiency, robustness and accuracy of the methods are studied through strictly convex two-dimensional optimization problem, which is represented by volume minimization of two bars" plane frame structure subjected to maximal vertical displacement limit. Advantages and disadvantages of the methods are described and some practical tips provided which could be beneficial in any efficient engineering design by using an optimization method.
Optimum design of steel structures with web openings
Engineering Structures, 2008
The objective of this work is to perform optimum design of 3D steel structures having perforated I-section beams. The optimization problem is formulated as a combined sizing, shape and topology optimization problem. The cross-sectional dimensions of the columns and beams constitute the sizing design variables, while the number and size of the web openings of the beams constitute the topology and shape design variables, respectively. Two distinctive formulations of the optimization problem are considered depending on the finite element discretization implemented for simulating the structural elements. The two formulations, corresponding to beam and shell discretization, are compared in terms of the optimum designs achieved. A characteristic test example considered, showed that a quantifiable reduction in the weight of the structure is accomplished by allowing web openings in the beams of the structure without reducing structural strength or serviceability requirements.
The Relationship Between Geometry and Optimization Methods at Structural Design
Thanks to the close relationship that the mathematics have established with various disciplines including architecture and the computer-aided design technology which has an expanding area of use with ever-growing development of the technology, it has become likely to use different mathematical models in the design process. Structure design through mathematical models has brought the geometry and material parameters forward. It makes the load-bearing system a designable system that there are many parameters which are different from each other and the process of exploring the relationships between them. Geometry constitutes the form of this system and the first parameter that catches the attention. Each created form consists of geometry, and the structure design is required for the form to be able to remain standing. In architecture, the material along with geometry constitutes the main components in formation of the design texture, form and the appearance of the building. In those structure systems where mathematics create a model for, the electronically-created simulation has continued an interface which can be used jointly by architects and engineers, leaving the bothering and complicated calculation in the past. For these reasons, the relationship between geometry and optimization methods has been analyzed through Arup optimizer, dynamic relaxation, evolutionary shape optimizer and evolutionary structural optimizer at the structural design in this research.