Institutionalising Common Pool Resources Management (original) (raw)
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Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2013
AbstractIn the remote mountainous valleys management of natural resources is closely associated with ownership regimes and perceived importance of resources for subsistence sustenance. Since livelihood strategies are quite similar in the Himalaya - Hindu Kush - Karakorum region of North Pakistan; however, the management techniques and utilization mechanisms adopted by the communities heavily depend on ownership regimes and availability of these resources within the territorial limits of a village. Usually, at micro level, locally available resources are kept under different ownership regimes. Access to, and withdrawal from the common pool resources is subject to a complicated system of rights, duties and responsibilities. With the passage of time autochthonous institution have been established for making appropriation rules without any external intervention. In this paper, an attempt is made to look into various aspects of ownership regimes, utilization pattern and management strate...
Common Pool Resources in India: evidence, significance and new management initiatives
of Dar es Salaam). The views expressed are not necessarily those of DFID. Project details are available on the internet at http://www-cpr.geog.cam.ac.uk. This is a revised and updated version of an earlier paper presented in the project workshop held in Cambridge in July 2001. The authors also wish to thank participants in workshops in Delhi in September and December 2001. The present version benefited from inputs from these events.
Prominent collective action models, popularly known as 'common pool resource theories' provide a significant lead in addressing issues pertaining to the tragedy of the commons, as well as in evolving new institutional models for resource management. A common assumption of collective action approaches is that institutions could be crafted as 'rules of the game' to achieve the goals of sustainable resource management. This paper argues that this conceptualisation of institution has serious limitations and institutions need not always be functional or purposive, and can evolve even through unconscious interactions/practices of actors. By studying the management of sacred groves in Thazhava Village of Kerala, this paper proves that institutions evolve and are continuously shaped by a process through which people consciously and unconsciously draw on existing social and cultural arrangements in response to changing situations. Existing theories of common property resource management often give the impression that culture and social structure will remain static. On the other hand, local conditions of resource management could change due to both internal and external factors and are never static. This paper shows that with change in resource conditions or technologies used for appropriation, what was once a private property could either become a state property or be collectively managed by a group of primary stakeholders. Moreover, different types of property regime may exist at the same time. In this context, the term 'common property' and the classification of resources require a
EJMSS Vol 2 NO 2, 2022
In June 2012, Elinor Ostrom whose work on the commons won the 2009 Nobel prize in economics passed away. Her demise created a vacuum for both scholars and policy analysts who focus on the issue of sustainable development. This paper examines the contribution of Elinor Ostrom to the development of the concept of CPR in India. It argues that while discussing the importance of common resources, Elinor Ostrom pointed out that it was difficult to prevent people from using common resources, thereby making such resources vulnerable to abuse. Therefore, Ostrom suggested that to make these common resources eco-friendly, their usage must be regulated and coordinated either by the government or private organizations. However, Ostrom demonstrated through her works in Nepal, Sri Lanka, and India that people can effectively manage shared resources. Indeed, the concept of common property resources became a subject of academic and scholarly debate after the publication of Ostrom's seminal work, "Governing the Commons." Therefore, it becomes necessary to undertake an in-depth study of her work on Common Pool Resources (CPR) to understand what makes collective action applicable in diverse settings such as forests, irrigation, fisheries, and even pastures. Against this background, this study becomes necessary. It discusses the existing debates on the institutional governance of these common resources and analyses the major argument of Ostrom's work. The study examines the conventional debates on institutional arrangements in governing common resources. Finally, it analyses the central argument of Ostrom's work and explores the relevance of the research to the social environment in India.
Common property resources in drylands of India
International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 2018
Common property resources are areas of land or water being used by a community or a group of communities. These have special significance to peoples and communities who depend on them for their livelihood. The commons in all arid districts of India include village pastures, community forests, wasteland, common threshing grounds, waste dumps, watershed drainage, village baoris 1 , talabs 2 , nadis 3 and ponds, and tanks, rivers, rivulets, wetlands, riverbeds, community conserved areas, protected areas, Dhaam 4 or Dhooni 5 , culturable wastelands, barren & un-culturable land, etc. The area under commons often ranged from 9 to 28% of total village area. Appropriation of the commons by the state for building essential infrastructure such as schools, clinics, veterinary hospitals, housing for government functionaries, SEZ and industrial corridors, etc. is a cause of serious concern. Presently the ownership rights over CPRs are not clear and there are many who claim ownership, some at State level but also like local bodies. The 12 th plan of the Planning Commission of India recognized and highlighted the need for favourable land tenure arrangements, institutional design and programme architecture in order to achieve effective governance and management of the commons. The revitalization of CPRs is crucial for protecting livelihoods, as well as for biodiversity conservation and for the improvement in arid microclimatic conditions. Dialogue continues on the status of common property resources, the available legal framework and some policy related issues for its conservation through strengthening of local institutions and capacity building for stakeholders. ARTICLE HISTORY
This study explores the existing system of Common Property Resource (CPRs) management regime in T.Nagani Panchayat. The study found that the two village institutions in the study area viz., Kudimani kattupadu and Arukudi kattupadu. The functions of these institutions are guide of equality in resource use, social justice, village liability, community co-operation especially for worshiping common god (Gramadevi), and social, cultural and natural resource conservation. Garrett’s Ranking Score is used to find out the causes of lack of management of CPRs. The Garrett’s Ranking score is higher among the lack of restoration of CPRs in local bodies (4596) followed by lack of people awareness on CPRs (3915). The study concludes that efficiency in management of natural resources required to proper and sufficient people especially communal participations and co-operation in the study village.