Hydrogen sulfide induces systemic tolerance to salinity and non-ionic osmotic stress in strawberry plants through modification of reactive species biosynthesis and transcriptional regulation of multiple defence pathways (original) (raw)
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Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), in improving resistance to common bean salt stress. Method shows that common bean seeds were soaked in water and in two concentrations of sodium hydrosulfide (50 and 100 µM) for 8 h. After 25 days from sowing, the pots were irrigated with water and with two concentrations of NaCl (75 and 150 mM) until the end of the experiment. Results revealed that H2S relieved salt stress by decreasing growth inhibition and photosynthetic characteristics, and increasing osmolyte contents (proline and glycine betaine). Furthermore, H2S reduced oxidative damage by lowering lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and reactive oxygen species production such as hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide anion by increasing non-enzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and glutathione, as well as enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), ascorbate peroxi...
Hydrogen Sulfide as a Potent Regulator of Plant Responses to Abiotic Stress Factors
Molecular Approaches in Plant Abiotic Stress, 2013
Adverse abiotic stress conditions such as drought, salinity, cold, heat and heavy metal toxicity are considered to be major concerns of the agricultural industry worldwide, as they can affect crop yield and quality, as well as agricultural sustainability in general. Priming of crop plants for more rapid and robust activation of defence reactions offers a means for the effi cient alleviation of the devastating effects induced as a result of exposure to such adverse environmental conditions. Accumulating reports over the recent years postulate a role for hydrogen sulfi de (H 2 S) as an emerging signaling molecule involved in the regulation of physiological processes in plants. In this chapter, we provide a brief overview of recent literature concerning H 2 S biosynthesis and regulation within the plant cell, as well as its involvement in a series of plant physiological processes. Furthermore,
Hydrogen Sulfide: A Robust Combatant against Abiotic Stresses in Plants
Hydrogen
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is predominantly considered as a gaseous transmitter or signaling molecule in plants. It has been known as a crucial player during various plant cellular and physiological processes and has been gaining unprecedented attention from researchers since decades. They regulate growth and plethora of plant developmental processes such as germination, senescence, defense, and maturation in plants. Owing to its gaseous state, they are effectively diffused towards different parts of the cell to counterbalance the antioxidant pools as well as providing sulfur to cells. H2S participates actively during abiotic stresses and enhances plant tolerance towards adverse conditions by regulation of the antioxidative defense system, oxidative stress signaling, metal transport, Na+/K+ homeostasis, etc. They also maintain H2S-Cys-cycle during abiotic stressed conditions followed by post-translational modifications of cysteine residues. Besides their role during abiotic stresses, cr...
Journal of Plant Production, 2018
A hydroponic experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of immersion durations (1 and 2h) of hydrogen peroxide on roots of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) grown under NaCl stress at (0, 34 and 68 mM NaCl). Roots immersion into H 2 O 2 increased plant growth, photosynthetic pigment concentration, leaf relative water content and the activity of antioxidant enzymes i.e. (catalase, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase) as well as decrease electrolyte leakage compared to untreated plants. High NaCl salinity level, induced ultrastructural alterations in leaflet mesophyll cells such as swelling thylakoids, disintegration of grana staking, increase number of plastoglobuli and starch grains as well as increase the size and number of mitochondria and its structure, shrinkage the plasma membranes, increase the Myelin-Like, membrane vesicles formation and increase the thickness of cell wall. In addition, roots immersion into H 2 O 2 led to maintain the chloroplast structure, grana staking and increase the size of chloroplast and mitochondria, decrease the number and size of starch grains and plastoglobuli, decrease the number of membrane vesicles and peroxisomes, as well as maintain the cell wall structural and reduced its thickness. Furthermore, the high NaCl level led to increase the number of stomata and stomatal density and decreased the dimensions of stomatal pore. On the contrary, roots immersion into H 2 O 2 decreases the stomatal density and its number. Concerning the leaflet anatomy, it was found that low NaCl salinity level increased the dimensions of midrib region, main vascular bundle as well as the thickness of palisade parenchyma. While, high salinity level, in most cases, decreased all these parameters. In conclusion, immersed roots of strawberry plants (pre-treatment) in H 2 O 2 (1.0 M) for 1h application before exposure to salinity stress increased plant resistance and mitigated the deleterious effects of NaCl on cellular organelles.
Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2014
Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) have a pivotal role in plant development and stress responses, thus rendering them as key molecules for priming approaches. In this study, a hydroponic experiment was employed in order to investigate the effects of NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 100 M), or H 2 O 2 (10 mM) root pretreatment in major components of redox homeostasis and signaling of strawberry plants (Fragaria × ananassa cv. 'Camarosa') exposed immediately, or 7 d after root pretreatment, to salt stress (100 mM NaCl, 8 d). Plants stressed immediately after root pretreatment with either reactive species demonstrated increased chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic pigment content, leaf relative water content as well as lower lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage levels in comparison with plants directly subjected to salt stress, suggesting a systemic mitigating effect of NO/H 2 O 2 pretreatment to cellular damage derived from abiotic stress factors. In addition, primed plants managed to mitigate the oxidative and nitrosative secondary stress and redox homeostasis disturbances, since H 2 O 2 and NO were quantified in lower levels, whereas ascorbate and glutathione redox states in leaves were sustained at higher rates, compared with NaCl treatment. Gene expression analysis revealed that priming effects of both H 2 O 2 and NO root pretreatment correlated with increased transcript levels of enzymatic antioxidants (cAPX, CAT, GR, MnSOD, MDHAR and DHAR), as well as ascorbate (GaIUR, GLDH, GDH, MIOX) and glutathione biosynthesis (GCS, GS) in leaves, in contrast with the general transcriptional suppression observed in plants stressed without pretreatment, or 7 d after root pretreatment. Overall, pretreated plants displayed redox regulated defense responses leading to systemic tolerance to subsequent salt stress exposure.
BMC plant biology, 2024
Background Salinity is one major abiotic stress affecting photosynthesis, plant growth, and development, resulting in low-input crops. Although photosynthesis underlies the substantial productivity and biomass storage of crop yield, the response of the sunflower photosynthetic machinery to salinity imposition and how H 2 S mitigates the salinity-induced photosynthetic injury remains largely unclear. Seed priming with 0.5 mM NaHS, as a donor of H 2 S, was adopted to analyze this issue under NaCl stress. Primed and nonprime seeds were established in nonsaline soil irrigated with tape water for 14 d, and then the seedlings were exposed to 150 mM NaCl for 7 d under controlled growth conditions. Results Salinity stress significantly harmed plant growth, photosynthetic parameters, the structural integrity of chloroplasts, and mesophyll cells. H 2 S priming improved the growth parameters, relative water content, stomatal density and aperture, photosynthetic pigments, photochemical efficiency of PSII, photosynthetic performance, soluble sugar as well as soluble protein contents while reducing proline and ABA under salinity. H 2 S also boosted the transcriptional level of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit gene (HaRBCS). Further, the transmission electron microscope showed that under H 2 S priming and salinity stress, mesophyll cells maintained their cell membrane integrity and integrated chloroplasts with well-developed thylakoid membranes. Conclusion The results underscore the importance of H 2 S priming in maintaining photochemical efficiency, Rubisco activity, and preserving the chloroplast structure which participates in salinity stress adaptation, and possibly sunflower productivity under salinity imposition. This underpins retaining and minimizing the injury to the photosynthetic machinery to be a crucial trait in response of sunflower to salinity stress.
research paper, 2023
Background The salinity threat represents one of the environmental challenges that drastically affect plant growth and yield. Besides salinity stress, the escalating world population will greatly influence the world’s food security in the future. Therefore, searching for effective strategies to improve crop salinity resilience and sustain agricultural productivity under high salinity is a must. Seed priming is a reliable, simple, low-risk, and low-cost technique. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the impact of seed priming with 0.5 mM NaHS, as a donor of H2S, in mitigating salinity effects on sunflower seedlings. Primed and nonprime seeds were established in nonsaline soil irrigated with tape water for 14 d, and then exposed to 150 mM NaCl for 7 d. Results Salinity stress significantly reduced the seedling growth, biomass accumulation, K+, Ca2+, and salinity tolerance index while elevating Na+ uptake and translocation. Salinity-induced adverse effects were significantly allevia...
Plant Growth Regulation, 2009
In this paper, effect of NaHS, a hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) donor on chlorophyll and antioxidant metabolism in seedling leaves of sweetpotato under osmotic stress was investigated. With the enhancement of osmotic stress, which was mimicked by PEG-6000, chlorophyll in seedling leaves of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) decreased dramatically. At 15% PEG (w/v), chlorophyll concentration reached only 50% compared with that of the controls. The osmotic-induced decrease in chlorophyll concentration could be alleviated by spraying exogenous H 2 S donor, NaHS in a dose-dependent manner, while little visible symptoms were observed in leaves sprayed with NaHS under control conditions. It was also shown that H 2 S or HSrather than other sulfur-containing components derived from NaHS contributed to the protective role against chlorophyll degradation during osmotic stress. Further studies showed that NaHS spraying dramatically promoted the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and decreased that of lipoxygenase and the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and malondialdehyde. In addition, concentrations of endogenous H 2 S in NaHS-sprayed seedlings were higher than that in water-spraying control under osmotic stress. These data indicated that H 2 S plays a protective role in sweetpotato seedlings during osmotic stress.
NO, hydrogen sulfide does not come first during tomato response to high salinity
Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry, 2017
High salinity greatly impact agriculture, particularly in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a crop that is a model to study this abiotic stress. This work investigated whether hydrogen sulfide (H2S) acts upstream or downstream of nitric oxide (NO) in the signaling cascade during tomato response to salt stress. An NO-donor incremented H2S levels by 12-18.9% while an H2S-donor yielded 10% more NO in roots. The NO accumulated in roots one-hour after NaCl treatment while H2S accumulation started two-hour later. The NO stimulated H2S accumulation in roots/leaves, but not the opposite (i.e H2S was unable to stimulate NO accumulation) two-hour post NaCl treatment. Also, NO accumulation was accompanied by an increment of transcript levels of genes that encode for H2S-synthesizing enzymes. Our results indicate that H2S acts downstream of NO in the mitigation of oxidative stress, which helps tomato plants to tolerate high salinity.
Protoplasma, 2018
A study was carried out to assess the mitigation mechanism of exogenously applied sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) as a donor of HS on strawberry seedlings under iron deficiency. The ameliorative effects of NaHS on oxidative damage, ion hemostasis and uptake, and availability of Fe were investigated by spraying solution of 0.2 mM NaHS or 0.2 mM NaHS plus 0.2 mM hypotaurine (HT), a scavenger of HS to plant leaves. Iron deficiency was created using 0.1 mM FeSO instead of 0.1 mM EDTA-Fe in Hoagland's nutrient solution. After a 28-day treatment, strawberry plants exhibited leaf interveinal chlorosis under Fe deficiency, but these apparent symptoms of iron deficiency were overcome by foliar application of NaHS. Exogenously applied NaHS enhanced chlorophyll contents and available iron and Fe accumulation in young leaves, but application of HS scavenger hypotaurine with NaHS did not change those parameters under Fe deficiency. This clearly shows that NaHS improved iron availability in the st...