Sport fan motivation questionnaire A study of validity and reliability (original) (raw)
Related papers
2018
The object of this study is to determine the motives of university students who participate in physical activities during college education and examine whether the data differ according to educational background, sex and family support. A total of 100 students from the department of physical education and sports teaching participated in the study. As a data collection tool in the work, "Participation in Sport Motivation Scale", Gill et al. (1983), translated into Turkish by Celebi (1991) and published by Oyar et al. (2001) have been used for validity and reliability between the studies in the age of 11-17 (6,13) . In the study, reliability was checked again for this group and reliability coefficient was 0.86 in Cronbach Alpha internal consistency test. The most important motive for participation in sports for university students in the study has been found to be "skill development" and "movement/activity". In the consequences related with the motives of...
The aim of the study is to develop a valid and reliable scale to measure interests of university students to sports. In the spring of 2016, Validity and reliability research is realized on 600 students getting education at different departments of Karabuk University within the scope of the research. For data collection; Developed by the author "University Students Scale for Interest Levels towards Sports" is used. A measurement tool consisting of two parts is benefited during the data collection process. The first part of measurement tool is demographic information form, while the second part being interest scale towards sports that is prepared in order to determine the interest level of students towards sports. Confirmatory factor analysis is used in order to approve the structure obtained as a result of the explanatory factor analysis. Their accord indexes are examined in order to understand whether the scale is valid or not. Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficients of 10 articles that are determined regarding a single factor for the reliability of the scale are calculated. As a result of the conducted studies, one-factor 10-article valid and reliable scale is developed that may measure the interest of students towards sports.
Study on Sports High School Students' Motivation Levels in Sports by Some Variables
Universal Journal of Educational Research, 2019
The aim of this study is to determine the reasons of motivation of sports high school students and to determine whether these reasons differ according to gender or doing individual sports and team sports. The study included totally 110 sports students who aged between 14 and 18, were doing three individuals sports (table tennis, weight lifting, judo) and three team sports (handball, volleyball, basketball) were subjected to evaluation. The students are 69 male and 41 female individuals. "Sport Motivation Scale" developed by Pelletier et al. (1995) was used as the data collection tool. The Turkish validity and reliability of the scale consisting of 28 items was performed by Kazak (2004). SPSS (Ver.22) package program were used. The data are presented as frequency, percentage (%), mean and standard deviation. In addition, the normal distribution of data with Kolmogorov Smirnov test was used. Independent Samples t test was used to determine the differences between the variables (individual sport-team sport) with normal distribution. The significance level was accepted as 0.05 in the analyses. In conclusion, it was determined that the reasons of motivation of students who were doing individual sports and team sports depended more on intrinsic motivational factors, and that the order of importance of these factors varied according to the individual sports and team sports variable. It was determined that the reasons of motivation of males and females mainly depended on intrinsic factors and the order of importance of these factors varied according to the gender variable. It can be said that male and female students wanted to get pleasure from the sports they did and to be successful in their sports, thus, they were motivated accordingly.
SHS web of conferences, 2016
The present study aims to determine rationales and motives of students, academic and administrative personnel from the Eskisehir Osmangazi University regarding participating in sport activities and their relevant expectations from them. Totally 198 individuals were responded to the study voluntarily while number of students, academic and administrative personnel were 94, 46 and 58, respectively. "Sport Participation Motivation Scale" and "Participation Motivation Scale" consisted of 30 items concerning individuals' motives for their adherence to sport; and 8 sub-dimensions were employed as data collection tool. t-test and Variance Analysis (One-way Anova) were utilized for paired comparisons and multiple comparisons for sport participation motivation, respectively (P<0.05). In assessment of demographical data, frequency and percentage were utilized. It was observed that the most significant sport motive addressed by respondents was "For my physical health" (N=47; 23.7%). Then, this was followed by the motive of "For my fitness" (N=31; 15.7%). It was determined that sport motivations of participants differs according to gender, age and position (P<0.05). Since exercise and sport participation are considered as a significant factor reducing risks related with various physical, psychological and social problem, significant motives associated with sport participation are required to be determined and the sport programs are required to be organized.
Level of Motivational Factors of Athletes in Relation to Their Sports Participation
European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science
Purpose: This study aimed to measure the level of motivational factors of athletes in relation to their sports participation. The study reveals the highest and lowest motivational factors among athletes and the team that are perceived as most and least motivated. Methods and Materials: The study is quantitative in nature. A purposive sampling technique was chosen to get the sample from the population. The research sample consists of student-athletes from Far Eastern University. These student-athletes are enrolled in the academic year 2022-2023. The research is limited to seven (7) participating sports such as Athletics, Basketball, Cheering Squad, Dance Troupe, Table Tennis, Taekwondo, and Table Tennis. Each sport has seven (7) men and women, a total of ninety-eight (98) participants. The instrument used in this study is a standard questionnaire. The Sports Motivation Scale (SMS-28) of Pelletier et. al was used to measure the level of motivational factors of athletes in relation to ...
Spor Dallarına Göre Spora Katılım Motivasyonundaki Farklılıklar
International journal of Science Culture and Sport, 2015
The purpose of this study was to examine the participation motives of youth from different sport branches and examine the differences with respect to different demographic variables. The study was conducted on 85 girls and 202 boys from different sport branches in Turkey. The average age of the participants were 14.29 years (SD=1.1). The "Participation Motivation Questionnaire (PMQ)" (Gill, Gross and Huddleston (1983) was administered on the participants. The reliability and validity of the PMQ was tested by Oyar, Aşçı, Çelebi and Mülazımoğlu (2001). The scale consisted of 30 items and 8 subscales. All items were measured and sorted using a three-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics and were performed on all variables including means and standard deviations. Independent Samples ttest was also used to determine differences between the scores acquired from the scale and some independent variables. Analysis indicated significant differences in achievement/status (t= 2.71; p < 0.05), team affiliation (t= 2.12; p < 0.05) and friendship (t= 3.81; p < 0.01) subscales between girls and boys. Boys had higher scores than the girls. There were significant differences in achievement/status (t= 2.52; p < 0.01), team affiliation (t= 2.33; p < 0.01), energy release/fitness (t= 2.33; p < 0.05) and competition (t= 2.50; p < 0.01) subscales with regard to sport experience. Less experienced participants had lower scores than the more experienced. As a result, it can be concluded that based on the mean ratings of each of the 30 participation motives, "improve my skills" and "to raise my sport branch" were the most important participation motives for the participants.
Facta universitatis series physical education and sport, 2022
Self-determination theory is a dominant conceptual frame in the research of sports motivation, while the original Sport motivation scale, SMS-28, is adapted in many languages. The aim of this research was to translate and adapt the original scale into the Serbian language and to conduct a preliminary factor analysis in order to confirm a seven-factor solution. The sample included 608 active athletes on an international, national or lower competition level in different individual or team sports, of both genders, with a Median value for age of 18 years, an average of 10 years of sports experience. The results indicated good internal consistency of the Serbian version (Mean alpha 0.86), with only an amotivation subscale with a low alpha value (0.54). A simplex pattern of the self-determination continuum was confirmed. The confirmatory factor analysis suggested some good fit indices (X 2 /df=4.26; SRMR=0.07; RMSEA=0.07; GFI=0.85; AGFI=0.81), while some indices did not meet the criteria of good model fit (CFI=0.81; NFI=0.77). We suggest further research should examine the scale on a more homogeneous sample in regard to competition level.
Analysis of Sport Motivation Factors amongst Eastern European Higher Education Students
European Journal of Contemporary Education, 2019
The annually organized Campus Festival in Debrecen is one of the musical summer festivals in Hungary, which attract masses of people and consider higher education students as their primary target community. Besides musical events, organizers of the Campus Festival put a special emphasis on the promotion of the sports life of the visiting audience. The Campus Sports Festival is organized every year; it aims to popularize sports and sporting activities and to create a social event where students, fans and athletes of Hungarian and foreign (Romanian, Slovakian and Ukrainian) higher education institutions are able to establish relationships with each other. The aim of a questionnaire survey prepared in 2017 was to carry out an assessment of needs, in the scope of which the opinion and demand of higher education students related to sports festivals and leisure sports is surveyed. Present study introduces the sporting habits of higher education students and their motivations related to sports and the sports festival. The analysis was carried out by means of the SPSS software package, while the differences among the countries were studied using Pearson's Chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney test and Categorical Principal Component Analysis. It was established that higher education students belonging to the sample prefer active entertainment and one of their favourite leisure activities is doing sports and that the scale of values of the surveyed higher education students is mostly influenced by fellow students and friends. It was also found
Investigation of Sports Participation Motivations of Physical Education and Sports School Students
International Education Studies, 2021
The purpose of this study is to determine the sport participate motivation of the students who are attending physical education and sports college and to compare them according to the demographic variables. The universe of the research is composed of 480 students who are studying different programs in Bozok University Physical Education and Sports School in 2017-2018 academic year. The sample of the research consists of 180 students who are determined using random sampling technique. As a data collection tool in the research, personal information form and Gill et al. (1983) and Oyar et al. (2001) used the Sport Participation Motivation Scale, adapted to the Turkish population. The data were transferred to the SPSS 18 package program for analysis. Frequency and percentage analyzes, t test, Anova analysis and post hoc tests were used in the statistical analysis of the data. As a result of the analyzes performed, statistically significant differences were determined between the motivat...
Validation of the Hungarian Sport Motivation Scale (H-SMS)
Cognition Brain Behavior, 2017
In the current study, we aimed to test for the validity of the translated and adapted Hungarian version of the Sport Motivation Scale-2 (SMS-2). The psychometric properties of the adapted SMS-2 scale were tested in a sample of male and female athletes (N = 500) pertaining to various sport domains. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to test the factorial structure of the adapted SMS-2. The final version, including six factors and 19 items, was derived after testing two different models, one of which provided the best fit for the data. Additionally, the Hungarian Sport Motivation Scale (H-SMS) kept all the factors from the original SMS-2 scale. Furthermore, our analyses confirmed that the intrinsic motivation factor can be further divided into cognitive intrinsic (perceived competence) and effective intrinsic (self-effectiveness) factors. Together, our findings confirm the validity of the H-SMS, proving that this measure can be reliably used for evaluating Hungarian athletes' sport motivation.