Antioxidant, Antimalarial and Antimicrobial Activities of Tannin-Rich Fractions, Ellagitannins and Phenolic Acids from Punica granatum L (original) (raw)
Related papers
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2005
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruits are widely consumed as juice (PJ). The potent antioxidant and anti-atherosclerotic activities of PJ are attributed to its polyphenols including punicalagin, the major fruit ellagitannin, and ellagic acid (EA). Punicalagin is the major antioxidant polyphenol ingredient in PJ. Punicalagin, EA, a standardized total pomegranate tannin extract (TPT) and PJ were evaluated for in vitro antiproliferative, apoptotic and antioxidant activities. Punicalagin, EA and TPT were evaluated for antiproliferative activity at 12.5-100 g/mL on human oral (KB, CAL27), colon (HT-29, HCT116, SW480, SW620) and prostate (RWPE-1, 22Rv1) tumor cells. Punicalagin, EA and TPT were evaluated at 100 g/mL concentrations for apoptotic effects and at 10 g/mL concentrations for antioxidant properties. However, to evaluate the synergistic and/or additive contributions from other PJ phytochemicals, PJ was tested at concentrations normalized to deliver equivalent amounts of punicalagin (w/w). Apoptotic effects were evaluated against the HT-29 and HCT116 colon cancer cell lines. Antioxidant effects were evaluated using inhibition of lipid peroxidation and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assays. PJ showed greatest antiproliferative activity against all cell lines by inhibiting proliferation from 30-100%. At 100 g/mL, PJ, EA, punicalagin and TPT induced apoptosis in HT-29 colon cells. However, in the HCT116 colon cells, EA, punicalagin and TPT but not PJ induced apoptosis. The trend in antioxidant activity was PJ>TPT>punicalagin>EA. The superior bioactivity of PJ compared eScholarship provides open access, scholarly publishing services to the University of California and delivers a dynamic research platform to scholars worldwide. to its purified polyphenols illustrated the multifactorial effects and chemical synergy of the action of multiple compounds compared to single purified active ingredients.
Foods
Natural antioxidants products are widely distributed in food and medicinal plants. These natural antioxidants, especially polyphenols, exhibit a wide range of biological activities including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherosclerosis activities. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a rich source of polyphenolic components. The purpose of this study was to characterize the phenolic composition and flavonoids and anthocyanin content of different parts (peel and aril) of the Sefri variety of pomegranate. Our results showed that Peel extract was richer in these compounds than that of the Arils, especially in Punicalagin (A and B). DPPH free radical scavenging, reducing power (FRAP), β-carotene bleaching, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays revealed a greater dose-dependent activity of pomegranate peel phenolic extract (PPPE) compared to pomegranate aril phenolic extract (PAPE). PPPE was also more potent than PAPE concerning its ability to inhibit conjugated diene format...
Mixed Pro- and Anti-Oxidative Effects of Pomegranate Polyphenols in Cultured Cells
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2014
In recent years, the number of scientific papers concerning pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and its health properties has increased greatly, and there is great potential for the use of bioactive-rich pomegranate extracts as ingredients in functional foods and nutraceuticals. To translate this potential into effective strategies it is essential to further elucidate the mechanisms of the reported bioactivity. In this study HepG2 cells were supplemented with a pomegranate fruit extract or with the corresponding amount of pure punicalagin, and then subjected to an exogenous oxidative stress. Overall, upon the oxidative stress the gene expression and activity of the main antioxidant enzymes appeared reduced in supplemented cells, which were more prone to the detrimental effects than unsupplemented ones. No differences were detected between cells supplemented with the pomegranate juice or the pure punicalagin. Although further studies are needed due to the gaps existing between in vitro and in vivo studies, our results suggest caution in the administration of high concentrations of nutraceutical molecules, particularly when they are administered in concentrated form.
2014
Pomegranate fruits have been commonly used in herbal remedies by local healers in many countries. In this work, total phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents of different parts of pomegranate fruit (peel, flesh, seeds, and whole fruit) were evaluated using two different solvents (methanol and ethyl acetate). The highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents were detected in peel methanol extract (103.2 mg/g dw and 132.4 mg/g dw) respectively. Also, the highest anthocyanin content was detected in peel extract (3.86 mg/g fw). HPLC coupled with diode-array detection was used to investigate the major phenolic compounds in peel methanolic extract. Among the phenolic compounds, chlorogenic acid, rutin and coumaric acid are present predominantly in the peel extract. Furthermore, the peel methanol extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The high a...
Nutrients
Pomegranate juice concentrate (PJC) is a rich source of polyphenols, which exhibit significant antioxidant activity and potential health benefits for disease prevention and therapy. In this study, the polyphenolic profile of PJC was investigated for the first time, and it was found that PJC can inhibit oxidative damage to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), as well as acetylcholinesterase, α-amylase, and tyrosinase activities. The primary polyphenols identified in PJC were 4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxybenzoate, epicatechin, catechin, rutin, ferulic acid, P-coumaric acid, and cinnamic acid. Additionally, PJC demonstrated potent antibacterial effects against human pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans and Aeromonas hydrophila and dose-dependently reduced the proliferation of colorectal, breast, and hepatic cancer cells via apoptosis. Furthermore, PJC blocked B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl-2) and the expression of a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (P21) and enhanced tum...
Antioxidant Activities of Flower Extract and Pomegranate Juice
Acta Horticulturae, 2009
The relative high amounts of phenolic compounds in fruits and vegetables are responsible for some of their properties as preventing cardio-and cerebrovascular diseases as well as decreasing cancer mortalities. Many times, this ability of the phenolic compounds is attributed to their antioxidant properties. Pomegranate fruits are rich in coloured components, the anthocyanins, also possessing antioxidant activity. However, some compounds other than the phenolic ones are also characterized by possessing some antioxidant activity, and consequently used as antioxidants: some organic acids. In the present work, the anthocyanins and organic acids of fruits and flowers were evaluated by HPLC. The antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and flower extracts was determined by measuring the hydrogen donating or radical scavenging ability using the stable radical DPPH, the scavenging of superoxide radical, using a non-enzymatic reaction of phenazine methosulphate in the presence of NADH and molecular oxygen, and the reducing power. Concerning the anthocyanins, quantitative differences were found in fruits and flowers. In this sample, only pelargonidin-3,5-diglucoside was detected in large amounts when compared to pelargonidin-3-monoglucoside and cyanidin-3-monoglucoside, the sole anthocyanidins detected. In fruits, mono-and diglucosides of delphinidin, cyanidin and pelargonidin were detected. In this sample, delphinidin-3,5-diglucoside constituted the major anthocyanin. Concerning the organic acids, citric and tartaric acids were the main ones in the fruits, while in the flowers ascorbic acid predominated. Both samples showed antioxidant activity, independent on the method used. The antioxidant activity can be due to the anthocyanins and organic acids present in the samples, in spite of higher amounts of phenolic compounds had been detected in flower extracts than in the juice. Along with the anthocyanins and organic acids, other components, not determined by us, can also be responsible for such activities.
Antioxidant activity, cito- and phototoxicity of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed pulp extract
Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 2010
Pomegranate is a native fruit from Iran to the Himalayas in Northern India and it has been both cultivated and naturalized throughout the whole Mediterranean region since ancient times. Pomegranates prefer a semi-arid mild-temperate to subtropical climate and are naturally adapted to regions that have cool winters and hot summers, but they can be found from South to North America. A humid climate adversely affects the formation of this fruit. The present scientific name, Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae), was derived from the name pomuni granatum (seeded apple) given to the fruit in the Middle Ages (ADSULE; PATIL, 1995). Hydroalcoholic extract of the entire fruit of Punica granatum is popularly used in the treatment of respiratory illnesses in Cuba, Brazil, and other countries (VIDAL et al., 2003; LANSKY; NEWMAN, 2007). Some substances have been identified in these kinds of extracts, such as reducing sugars, mucilage, glycosides, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanines pigments, and alkaloids (MERTENS-TALCOTT et al., 2006). Sas seed The strong antioxidant activities of the hydroethanolic extract can also be found in fermented beverages as well as in seed oils (ADSULE; PATIL, 1995; SCHUBERT; LANSKY; NEEMAN, 1999) and in fruit juices (ZAID et al., 2007). Such activity is due to the mixture of the substances mentioned above and mainly due to the presence of hydrolyzed tannins. The latter are converted during metabolism into ellagic acids, also known as ellagitannins (punicalagin is a major ellagitannin).
Antioxidative potential of pomegranate peel extract: In vitro and in vivo studies
Scripta medica, 2023
Background/Aim: Due to the numerous beneficial effects of pomegranate that can be explained through its antioxidative effects, the aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant potential of pomegranate peel extract (PoPEx) prepared from pomegranate that was harvested in the southeast region of Herzegovina (Bosnia and Herzegovina), through in vitro and in vivo studies. Methods: In PoPEx total phenols, flavonoids, flavonols, flavan-3-ols and anthocyanins content was determined, as well as several antioxidative assays, including 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH), 2,2'-azino bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assay (ABTS), iron (III)-2,4,6-tripyridyl-S-triazine complex assay (FRAP), reduction of copper(II) ions (CUPRAC) assay, Briggs-Rauscher oscillatory reactions, neutralisation of OH radicals and lipid peroxidation assay. In vivo studies were performed by administrating 100 mg/ kg of body weight of PoPEx to the rats by gavage for 7 days, after which the rats were euthanised and prooxidative parameters (thiobabrituric acid reactive substances-TBARS as an index of lipid peroxidation, nitrites-NO 2 , hydrogen peroxide-H 2 O 2 and superoxide anion radical O 2-) were determined in plasma, as well as antioxidative parameters (superoxide dismutase-SOD, reduced glutathione-GSH and catalase-CAT) in erythrocyte lysates. Results: High content of phenolic compounds was found in PoPEx, which resulted in high antioxidative potential in all in vitro tests performed. In vivo study showed that PoPEx administration caused a significant decrease in TBARS, NO 2-, as well as an increase in reduced glutathione (p < 0.05) in comparison to the control group, while H 2 O 2 and O 2 * showed a lowering trend and SOD and CAT showed an increasing trend in PoPEx group, but without statistical significance. Conclusion: PoPEx demonstrated high antioxidative capacity measured in vitro and in vivo and can be potentially used as a supplement treatment in the prevention of various inflammatory conditions.
Polyphenols content and antioxidant activity of various pomegranate juices
Bulgarian Chemical Communications, Volume 51, Issue 1, (pp. 113–116), 2019
The aim of the study was the determination and analysis of pH, content of common phenols, antioxidant activity (radical trapping activity), common anthocyanins and acidity of pomegranate (Punica granatum) and their relation to the soil composition and altitude. Methods for systematic approach and critical analysis of the available scientific periodicals were applied. Spectrophotometric method was used for determination of adsorption with gallic acid standard; DPPH method was used for determining the antioxidant activity (radical trapping activity). It was found that the value of pH index ranges from 3.05 to 4.29. The lowest level of common phenols 67.71 ± 0.12 mg GAE/100 ml was observed in the Red Filk variety. Total anthocyanins were within the range of 0.60 ± 0.01 mg/100 ml (Red Filk) to 35.80 ± 0.65 mg/100 ml (Pink Satin). Antioxidant activity (DPPH) was: 966.13 ± 37.67 mmol TE/100 ml (Red Filk) to 2271.72 ± 26.91 mmol TE/100 ml. Titratable acidity was within the range: 0.47 ± 0.10 g/100 mL for Red Filk and up to 1.64 ± 0.10 g/100 mL for Pink Satin. It was concluded that there is a direct correlation between the antioxidant activity and the altitude at which the pomegranate is growing. There is a direct correlation between the common phenols and the antioxidant activity, excluding variety Wonderful.