Bite force determination in adolescents with and without temporomandibular dysfunction (original) (raw)
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The European Journal of Orthodontics, 2007
Ultrasonography has been used to determine the association between muscle thickness, temporomandibular dysfuntion (TMD), facial morphology, and bite force. The aim of this study was to evaluate signs and symptoms (SS) of TMD using the craniomandibular index (CMI), masseter and anterior temporalis thickness, facial dimensions, and bite force in adolescents (12 -18 years of age): 20 (10 males and 10 females) with SSTMD and 20 without (control, matched for age and gender). Ultrasonography was carried out using Just-Vision 200, and bite force measured with a pressure transducer. The measurements undertaken on the cephalograms included anterior (n-gn, n-Me, sp-gn) and posterior (Stgo) facial dimensions, jaw inclination (NSL/ML), vertical jaw relationship (NL/ML), gonial angle (ML/RL), and overbite and overjet. The data were analysed with analysis of variance, Pearson's and Spearman's correlation and multiple regression. The SSTMD group showed a smaller bite force than the controls ( P < 0.05). In the control group, bite force was negatively correlated with jaw inclination and overbite. There were negative correlations between anterior temporalis thickness and anterior facial dimensions; and positive correlations for masseter and anterior temporalis and posterior dimensions. In the SSTMD group, there were positive correlations for masseter and bite force, and anterior and posterior dimensions. Negative correlations were found for the masseter and temporalis muscles and jaw inclination and vertical jaw relationship. Multiple regression analysis showed that in the control group the overjet and jaw inclination contributed 50 per cent to the variance in bite force. In the SSTMD group, the dimensions of the masseter muscles during contraction contributed 39 per cent to the variance. The correlations between CMI and the craniofacial variables were more signifi cant in the SSTMD group. The fi ndings indicate that muscle thickness infl uences facial dimensions and bite force in adolescents with SSTMD.
Maximal bite force and its association with temporomandibular disorders
Brazilian Dental Journal, 2007
Individuals with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are expected to have decreased maximum bite forces (MBF). This way, this study compared the MBF in subjects with TMD to a control group and also evaluated its association with age, gender, height and weight. Forty healthy adults with complete natural dentition divided into four groups according to gender and presence or absence of TMD signs/symptoms (based on the Research Diagnostic Criteria RDC) underwent a MBF test with a gnathodynamometer in molar and incisal areas. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls test (p=0.05), and the relationship between age, gender, weight, height and MBF was verified by Pearson's correlation test. There were no differences in MBF results between TMD and control groups (p>0.05). Female subjects exhibited lower MBF than male and MBF for the anterior area was lower than that for posterior area (p<0.05). Significant correlation was found between MBF and weight in TMD subjects (p<0.05), except for the anterior area in female subjects. There was a positive correlation between MBF and height in TMD male subjects (p<0.05). Within the limitations of this study, it is possible to conclude that bite force was not affected by TMD. Correlation between MBF and weight in TMD subjects and between MBF and height in TMD male subjects was observed.
Inter-Relationship of Temporomandibular Disorders and Maximal Bite Force: A Comparative Study
Introduction: Para-functional habits like teeth clenching or bruxism may be a contributing factors for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Herein, we evaluated and compare the maximal bite force in young patients suffering from TMD with healthy population. Study aimed to evaluate the maximal bite force (MBF) in the presence of TMD and bruxism (TMDB) in young adults. To compare MBF in TMDB and healthy population Material and Methods: The number of participants in this study was fifty-four (thirty female and twenty four males). Symptoms of TMD were evaluated by a questionnaire and clinical signs/ symptoms were assessed during clinical examination. MBF was measured with a gnatodynamometer and the highest values were considered. The statistical tests employed data were descriptive statistics, Shapiro Wilks W-test, t tests both paired and unpaired or if indicated Mann-Whitney tests, and Fisher's exact test (p < 0.05) Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software (version 18). Results: TMDB group presented with lower MBF values. In TMDB females least values of MBF were recorded, however MBF for TMDB men was similar to that of the control group. Conclusion: Based on the survey findings, it was concluded that MBF was reduced in TMDB women. Stress was found to be non influencing factor for TMD and bruxism in men.
Assessment of the impact of temporomandibular disorders on maximum bite force
Biomedical Papers, 2019
Aim. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) refer to functional disorders of the masticatory system, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory muscles. The main objective of this study was to determine whether and to what extent temporomandibular disorders (TMD) affect the maximum bite force (MBF). Methods. The present study included subjects with and without temporomandibular disorder. The presence of TMD was assessed by means of the Helkimo clinical dysfunction index analysis. We measured the maximum bite pressure (MBP) and occlusal contact area (OCA) by means of a Fuji Prescale Pressure measurement film. Based on the MBP and OCA values obtained, MBF values were determined. Results. The MBF values were significantly lower in patients with TMD compared to subjects without TMD (P<0.0005). MBF values demonstrate a trend, with a tendency towards a decrease in values with the increase in the severity of TMD (P <0.01). OCA was significantly lower in patients with TMD (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between controls and patients with TMD in terms of the MBP (P=0.135). Conclusion. TMDs have a significant impact on MBF and masticatory muscle action potential. More research is needed to determine the impact of reduced maximum bite force on the functional efficiency of the masticatory system.
Bite force in temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and healthy complete denture wearers
Brazilian Dental Journal, 2008
The signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) may contribute to reduce bite force and muscular activity. The aims of this study were to compare bite force in complete denture wearers with TMD (TMD group) and without TMD (healthy group).The TMD group consisted of 9 individuals, who had worn a maxillary and a mandibular complete removable denture for more than 10 years. The healthy group consisted of 9 participants who wore dentures and had satisfactory interocclusal and maxillomandibular relationship. Helkimo Index was used to analyze the dysfunction level. Maximum bite force was measured using a digital dynamometer with capacity of 100 kgf and adapted to oral conditions.The TMD group presented smaller mean bite force values than the healthy group, though without statistical significance (p>0.05). This outcome suggests that the TMD signs and symptoms and the structural conditions of the dentures did not affect the maximal bite force of complete denture wearers.
Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 2013
The aim of the present study was determine the type of bite and abnormalities in the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) among children and adolescents with temporomandibular disorder (TMD). The Helkimo index was employed for the diagnostic investigation of TMD. A clinical examination was performed for the determination of occlusion. The VDO was measured using a digital caliper. Fisher's exact text was used to determine associations between type of bite, gender and TMD. The Student's t-test was used to compare age and VDO by gender. The significance level was set to 5% or corresponding p-value. Children and adolescents with anterior open bite were 1.2-fold more likely to develop TMD in comparison to those without any type of malocclusion. The same was found for those with posterior crossbite and mixed malocclusion. A statistically significant association was found between the VDO and age in both genders. TMD affected 68.85% of the sample. No correlation was found between * Corresponding author. Tel.: รพ55 11 3385 9222.
Maximal bite force in young adults with temporomandibular disorders and bruxism
Brazilian Oral Research, 2007
Parafunctional habits, such as bruxism, are contributory factors for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the maximal bite force (MBF) in the presence of TMD and bruxism (TMDB) in young adults. Twelve women (mean age 21.5 years) and 7 men (mean age 22.4 years), composed the TMDB group. Ten healthy women and 9 men (mean age 21.4 and 22.4 years, respectively) formed the control group. TMD symptoms were evaluated by a structured questionnaire and clinical signs/symptoms were evaluated during clinical examination. A visual analogical scale (VAS) was applied for stress assessment. MBF was measured with a gnatodynamometer. The subjects were asked to bite 2 times with maximal effort, during 5 seconds, with a rest interval of about one minute. The highest values were considered. The data were analyzed with Shapiro-Wilks W-test, descriptive statistics, paired or unpaired t tests or Mann-Whitney tests when indicated, and Fisher's exact test (p < 0.05). TMDB women presented lower values of MBF as compared to those presented by TMDB men and by the control group. MBF for TMDB men was similar to that of the control group. The proportion of TMDB women with muscle pain and facial/teeth/head pain upon waking up was significantly higher than that of men. Control women presented significantly lower stress scores than the others. It was concluded that MBF was reduced in TMDB women, as they presented more signs and symptoms. Men presented higher MBF values than women, but TMD and bruxism did not significantly decrease MBF. Stress was not an influencing factor for TMD and bruxism in men. Descriptors: Temporomandibular joint disorders; Bruxism; Bite force.
Advances in Rheumatology
Background: The purposes of this study were to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders symptoms and signs and the bite force in pediatric patients with idiopathic musculoskeletal pain syndrome and to compare to healthy control individuals paired by gender and age. Methods: Forty consecutive patients (32 girls) from our outpatient pediatric rheumatology pain clinic with diagnosis of idiopathic musculoskeletal pain syndrome were included in this study. Twenty healthy subjects (16 girls) were considered the control group. All individuals were interviewed according to a standardized questionnaire concerning the presence of orofacial pain and functional impairment, and were submitted to a clinical evaluation following a structured protocol. After that the bite force was measured. Results: Twelve patients met the ACR criteria for fibromyalgia, and 28 presented the diagnosis of pain amplification syndrome. The mean age of patients was 13.1 years (range, 6-18 years) and of controls was 12. 8 years (range, 6-18 years) with no significant difference. Orofacial symptoms occurred in 25 patients (62.5%) and in 3 controls (15%) (p = 0.0014). Sixteen (40%) patients and four (20%) controls presented pain during mandibular function with no significant difference. Although both pain groups presented separately more frequently orofacial symptoms and pain on palpation than the controls, maximal voluntary bite force was similar between patients and controls, between both patient groups and between the two pain groups and controls. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that temporomandibular disorders symptoms were more prevalent in patients with idiopathic musculoskeletal pain syndrome than in healthy controls. However the bite force was not different among the groups.
EVALUATION OF BITE FORCE AMONG DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS IN VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT
Bite force is an important aspect of masticatory system. Bite force assesses masticatory muscle function under clinical and experimental conditions. Measurement of maximum voluntary bite force (MVBF) in 100 individuals including males and females has been used for understanding masticatory mechanism, to evaluate the physiological characteristics of jaw muscles and study the effect of different physiological and morphological factors. The subject related factors includes- age, gender, periodontal support, height, weight, craniofacial morphology, malocclusion, temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain. Therefore, bite force is used as a variable for evaluating masticatory function.