Dendritic Cells Derived from Murine Colonic Mucosa Have Unique Functional and Phenotypic Characteristics (original) (raw)

2007, The Journal of Immunology

AI-generated Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) from the murine colonic mucosa exhibit distinct functional and phenotypic characteristics compared to those from other tissues. The study isolates colonic DCs using a magnetic labeling technique, highlighting their unique ability to process antigens, lower expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), yet an enhanced responsiveness to certain stimuli. This suggests that colonic DCs are specialized to respond to their specific microenvironment, with implications for understanding mucosal immunity.

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Mucosal dendritic cells shape mucosal immunity

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 2014

Dendritic cells (DCs) are key modulators that shape the immune system. In mucosal tissues, DCs act as surveillance systems to sense infection and also function as professional antigen-presenting cells that stimulate the differentiation of naive T and B cells. On the basis of their molecular expression, DCs can be divided into several subsets with unique functions. In this review, we focus on intestinal DC subsets and their function in bridging the innate signaling and adaptive immune systems to maintain the homeostasis of the intestinal immune environment. We also review the current strategies for manipulating mucosal DCs for the development of efficient mucosal vaccines to protect against infectious diseases.

Compartment-specific immunity in the human gut: properties and functions of dendritic cells in the colon versus the ileum

Gut, 2015

Objective Dendritic cells (DC) mediate intestinal immune tolerance. Despite striking differences between the colon and the ileum both in function and bacterial load, few studies distinguish between properties of immune cells in these compartments. Furthermore, information of gut DC in humans is scarce. We aimed to characterise human colonic versus ileal DC. Design Human DC from paired colonic and ileal samples were characterised by flow cytometry, electron microscopy or used to stimulate T cell responses in a mixed leucocyte reaction. Results A lower proportion of colonic DC produced pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-1β) compared with their ileal counterparts and exhibited an enhanced ability to generate CD4 + FoxP3 + IL-10 + (regulatory) T cells. There were enhanced proportions of CD103 + Sirpα − DC in the colon, with increased proportions of CD103 + Sirpα + DC in the ileum. A greater proportion of colonic DC subsets analysed expressed the lymph-node-homing marker CCR7, alongside enhanced endocytic capacity, which was most striking in CD103 + Sirpα + DC. Expression of the inhibitory receptor ILT3 was enhanced on colonic DC. Interestingly, endocytic capacity was associated with CD103 + DC, in particular CD103 + Sirpα + DC. However, expression of ILT3 was associated with CD103 − DC. Colonic and ileal DC differentially expressed skin-homing marker CCR4 and small-bowel-homing marker CCR9, respectively, and this corresponded to their ability to imprint these homing markers on T cells. Conclusions The regulatory properties of colonic DC may represent an evolutionary adaptation to the greater bacterial load in the colon. The colon and the ileum should be regarded as separate entities, each comprising DC with distinct roles in mucosal immunity and imprinting.

Regulation of Intestinal Immune System by Dendritic Cells

Immune Network, 2015

Innate immune cells survey antigenic materials beneath our body surfaces and provide a front-line response to internal and external danger signals. Dendritic cells (DCs), a subset of innate immune cells, are critical sentinels that perform multiple roles in immune responses, from acting as principal modulators to priming an adaptive immune response through antigen-specific signaling. In the gut, DCs meet exogenous, non-harmful food antigens as well as vast commensal microbes under steady-state conditions. In other instances, they must combat pathogenic microbes to prevent infections. In this review, we focus on the function of intestinal DCs in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis. Specifically, we describe how intestinal DCs affect IgA production from B cells and influence the generation of unique subsets of T cell.

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