One-step labeling of degenerative neurons in unfixed brain tissue samples using Fluoro-Jade C (original) (raw)
Overview and recent advances in neuropathology. Part 2: Neurodegeneration
Pathology, 2011
The sections in the following review cover six main neurodegenerative diseases. The first article on Alzheimer's disease (AD) outlines the major evidence available to date that links Abamyloid peptide as a proximal cause of AD. The article also highlights how an initial finding of the protein content of the amyloid plaque seen in the brains of patients with AD has led to many very significant findings in the neuroscience field. The next section outlines the many and recent advances that have occurred in the field of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), including the most recent finding related to the fused sarcoma gene (FUS) and the newest nomenclature whereby the FTLD is subtyped according to the presence of specific proteins seen at a microscopic level. The section on Lewy bodies outlines the latest advances in the relationship between the anatomical distribution of Lewy bodies and disease phenotype. The following section includes an overview of current known genetic links with familial causes of motor neuron disease (MND) and an update on the areas being researched into the causes of sporadic MND. The presence of TDP-43 within inclusions and its new diagnostic role in MND are discussed. The final article on prion diseases gives an overview of human prion diseases, including the phenotypic spectrum, epidemiology and diagnostic investigations relevant to disease.
Brain Research, 2005
Animal models of cerebral infarction are crucial to understanding the mechanisms of neuronal survival following ischemic brain injury and to the development of therapeutic interventions for victims of all types of stroke. Rodents have been used extensively in such research. One rodent model of stroke utilizes either permanent or temporary occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) to produce ischemia. Since the development of an endovascular method for this was published in 1989, MCAO has been applied commonly to the rat, and often paired with 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining for stroke volume measurement. Meanwhile, advances in the ability to genetically alter mice have allowed exciting lines of research into ischemia. Because of technical demands and issues with survival, relatively few laboratories have investigated the MCAO method in the mouse. Our present work utilizes a mouse middle cerebral occlusion (MCAO) model of embolic stroke to study neuronal degeneration following temporary focal cerebral ischemia. C57Bl/6J mice were used to examine the exact effects of MCAO using Fluoro-Jade, a marker of neurodegeneration that allows observation of specific brain regions and cells destined to die. A time course of escalating neuronal degeneration from 10 min to 7 days following MCAO was established. Technical aspects of this popular method for transient focal ischemia as it applies to the mouse are discussed. D
Fluoro Jade Stains Early and Reactive Astroglia in the Primate Cerebral Cortex
Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 2002
The fluorescent agent Fluoro Jade was applied to cortical brain sections obtained from human patients at early postnatal ages and in patients with Alzheimer's disease, and from a Cebus apella monkey after mechanical lesioning of the cerebral cortex. Fluoro Jade labeled reactive astrocytes and early differentiating astroglial cells.
Approach to study the brain: towards the early detection of neurodegenerative disease
2014
I would like to acknowledge and thank the funding agencies and institutions that enabled the work to be carried out, namely the DOD, IARPA, and the Brain Sciences Foundation. Thank you Thank you to all my friends and colleagues who encouraged and supported me throughout this research journey. Most of all I thank my family for their sacrifices and support during this journey, especially my wife for her constant encouragement. Thank you My research is dedicated to all who suffer from devastating neurodegenerative disorders. I pledge to dedicate my scientific pursuit to the means and methods to help ease your suffering.
Conference Report: The Myriad Pathways of Neurodegeneration Discussed at NEUROCON 2015
Current Aging Science, 2015
and the USA. Since its inception in 2009, Neurocon meeting has been held every alternate year and primarily focused on brain aging, neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. This year's theme of the conference was 'Development, Degeneration and Regeneration of Neurons: Neurochemistry to Clinical Neurology'. The theme and format of the conference allowed active and intense participation of an energetic and receptive audience comprising invited senior speakers and young students or budding neuroscientists. Some notable features of the format of Neurocon meeting are worthy of mentioning. The symposium had two types of presentations. For example, each 'Original Work' presentation was followed by 'Panel Discussion' by a group of pre-selected students; and a 'Review Presentation' or a 'Memorial Lecture' was subjected to 'Rapid Fire' by a select group of senior scientists soon after the lecture. Both the 'Panel Discussion' and 'Rapid Fire' sessions were found to be highly stimulating, primarily because the questions were pre-planned after proper home work. In addition, the typical 'Question & Answer' from the audience was maintained. While the invited speakers consumed thirteen hours altogether for delivering their respective lectures, three and a half hours were utilized by the participants in discussing the implication of lectures. Further, this format specially allowed an active involvement of student-participants with conference proceedings. The post-dinner round-table discussion was also an innovative approach. It was organized not as an informal discussion within a gathering over a drink, but as a regular session with prefixed scientists' meeting with pre-selected students sitting over round tables, and everyone had to participate in a constructive manner. The symposium discussed many aspects that intersect neurodegeneration, brain aging and neuroinflammation. In particular the cross-talks among molecular pathogenesis, population genetics, clinical neurology and therapeutic approaches in relation to Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and normal non-pathological brain aging have been well covered. Among the 34 invited lectures by senior scientists, 20 were devoted to these three main topics: brain aging, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Major findings of the presentations are summarized below.