Prospective Survey of -Lactamases Produced by Ceftazidime- Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated in a French Hospital in 2000 (original) (raw)
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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2009
A retrospective survey was conducted to characterize β-lactamases in a collection of 43 ceftazidime-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from patients with bloodstream infections hospitalized at a Brazilian teaching hospital between January and December 2005. Resistance rates for carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and quinolones were over 80%, with only colistin remaining active against all isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis identified seven different genotypes. AmpC overproduction was found to be the sole β-lactamase-mediated mechanism responsible for ceftazidime resistance in four isolates (9.3%). Nine isolates (20.9%) produced an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), either GES-1 ( n = 7, 16.3%) or CTX-M-2 ( n = 2, 4.6%). Carbapenemase activity was detected in 30 (70%) additional isolates. Among those isolates, two isolates (4.6%) produced the ESBL GES-5, possessing the ability to hydrolyze imipenem; a single isolate (2.3%) produced the metallo-β-lactam...
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2009
A retrospective survey was conducted to characterize -lactamases in a collection of 43 ceftazidime-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from patients with bloodstream infections hospitalized at a Brazilian teaching hospital between January and December 2005. Resistance rates for carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and quinolones were over 80%, with only colistin remaining active against all isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis identified seven different genotypes. AmpC overproduction was found to be the sole -lactamase-mediated mechanism responsible for ceftazidime resistance in four isolates (9.3%). Nine isolates (20.9%) produced an extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL), either GES-1 (n ؍ 7, 16.3%) or CTX-M-2 (n ؍ 2, 4.6%). Carbapenemase activity was detected in 30 (70%) additional isolates. Among those isolates, two isolates (4.6%) produced the ESBL GES-5, possessing the ability to hydrolyze imipenem; a single isolate (2.3%) produced the metallo--lactamase (MBL) IMP-1; and 27 isolates produced the MBL SPM-1 (62.8%). None of the isolates coproduced both ESBL and MBL. Insertion sequence elements ISCR4 and ISCR1 were associated with bla SPM-1 and bla CTX-M-2 genes, respectively, whereas the bla GES-1 and bla GES-5 genes were part of class 1 integron structures. This study underlines the spread of MBL-and ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa isolates as an important source of ceftazidime resistance in Brazil.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2009
A retrospective survey was conducted to characterize -lactamases in a collection of 43 ceftazidime-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from patients with bloodstream infections hospitalized at a Brazilian teaching hospital between January and December 2005. Resistance rates for carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and quinolones were over 80%, with only colistin remaining active against all isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis identified seven different genotypes. AmpC overproduction was found to be the sole -lactamase-mediated mechanism responsible for ceftazidime resistance in four isolates (9.3%). Nine isolates (20.9%) produced an extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL), either GES-1 (n ؍ 7, 16.3%) or CTX-M-2 (n ؍ 2, 4.6%). Carbapenemase activity was detected in 30 (70%) additional isolates. Among those isolates, two isolates (4.6%) produced the ESBL GES-5, possessing the ability to hydrolyze imipenem; a single isolate (2.3%) produced the metallo--lactamase (MBL) IMP-1; and 27 isolates produced the MBL SPM-1 (62.8%). None of the isolates coproduced both ESBL and MBL. Insertion sequence elements ISCR4 and ISCR1 were associated with bla SPM-1 and bla CTX-M-2 genes, respectively, whereas the bla GES-1 and bla GES-5 genes were part of class 1 integron structures. This study underlines the spread of MBL-and ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa isolates as an important source of ceftazidime resistance in Brazil.
Research in Microbiology, 1999
The role of chromosomal cephalosporinases and secondary-lactamases in resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated. Strains 687, 59, and 58 expressed an inducible chromosomal cephalosporinase, efficiently enhanced with cefoxitin and imipenem. The inducible activity in strain 802 was produced at a moderately elevated basal level and may be involved in resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam. All strains produced secondary-lactamases inhibited by clavulanate: strains 687, 59, and 58 had carbenicillinases with pIs of 5.7 and 5.3. Strain 802 expressed a secondary-lactamase of pI 7.6 which may be a novel extended spectrum-lactamase different from known enzymes of P. aeruginosa.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2005
The presence of PER-1-and OXA-10-like b-lactamases was investigated by PCR in 49 ceftazidimeresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients hospitalised in the 24-bed general intensive care unit of the Istanbul Faculty of Medicine during a 12-month period between February 1999 and February 2000. The clonal relatedness of the isolates was investigated by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, and the sequences of the PER-1 and OXA genes from all isolates were determined. The rates of resistance of the isolates to imipenem, aztreonam and cefepime were 98%, 92% and 96%, respectively, and to piperacillin and piperacillin-tazobactam were 41% and 37%, respectively. Using the double-disk synergy test, 37% (18 ⁄ 49) of the isolates were identified as extended-spectrum b-lactamase producers. The PER-1 gene was identified in 86% (42 ⁄ 49) and the OXA-10 gene in 55% (27 ⁄ 49) of the ceftazidime-resistant isolates. Of isolates carrying the PER-1 gene, 48% (20 ⁄ 42) also carried the OXA-10 gene. The respective nucleotide sequences were identical for each isolate. Sixteen RAPD patterns were detected among the PER-1-positive isolates, but 60% (25 ⁄ 42) of the PER-1-positive isolates belonged to two distinct patterns, while the remainder exhibited a wide clonal diversity. The results indicated that the prevalence of PER-1-and OXA-10-like b-lactamases remains high among ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates in Turkey.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2010
A nationwide study aimed to identify the extended-spectrum -lactamases (ESBLs), metallo--lactamases (MBLs), and extended-spectrum oxacillinases (ES-OXAs) in a French collection of 140 clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates highly resistant to ceftazidime. Six ESBLs (PER-1, n ؍ 3; SHV-2a, n ؍ 2; VEB-1a, n ؍ 1), four MBLs (VIM-2, n ؍ 3; IMP-18, n ؍ 1), and five ES-OXAs (OXA-19, n ؍ 4; OXA-28, n ؍ 1) were identified in 13 isolates (9.3% of the collection). The prevalence of these enzymes is still low in French clinical P. aeruginosa isolates but deserves to be closely monitored.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2005
The presence of PER-1-and OXA-10-like b-lactamases was investigated by PCR in 49 ceftazidimeresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients hospitalised in the 24-bed general intensive care unit of the Istanbul Faculty of Medicine during a 12-month period between February 1999 and February 2000. The clonal relatedness of the isolates was investigated by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, and the sequences of the PER-1 and OXA genes from all isolates were determined. The rates of resistance of the isolates to imipenem, aztreonam and cefepime were 98%, 92% and 96%, respectively, and to piperacillin and piperacillin-tazobactam were 41% and 37%, respectively. Using the double-disk synergy test, 37% (18 ⁄ 49) of the isolates were identified as extended-spectrum b-lactamase producers. The PER-1 gene was identified in 86% (42 ⁄ 49) and the OXA-10 gene in 55% (27 ⁄ 49) of the ceftazidime-resistant isolates. Of isolates carrying the PER-1 gene, 48% (20 ⁄ 42) also carried the OXA-10 gene. The respective nucleotide sequences were identical for each isolate. Sixteen RAPD patterns were detected among the PER-1-positive isolates, but 60% (25 ⁄ 42) of the PER-1-positive isolates belonged to two distinct patterns, while the remainder exhibited a wide clonal diversity. The results indicated that the prevalence of PER-1-and OXA-10-like b-lactamases remains high among ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates in Turkey.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology
ESBL producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been reported to be an important cause of nosocomial infection. The study was undertaken to determine ESBL producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa by phenotypic method and to detect bla OXA-10 ESBL gene by molecular method. A total of 288 wound infection cases attending the in-patient department of Mitford Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital were enrolled for this study. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated following standard procedure and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility test by disc-diffusion method. Ceftazidime resistant strains were confirmed by MIC by agar dilution method. Confirmed ceftazidime resistant strains were tested for ESBL production by CLSI phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) and bla OXA-10 ESBL gene was identified by employing conventional PCR. Out of 92 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, confirmed ceftazidime resistant strains were 60. PCDDT detected 49 (81.67%) ESBL producers and PCR detected 44 (73.33%) posi...
… Klinikleri Journal of …, 2011
Determination of PER-1 and OXA-10-like β-lactamases in Ceftazidime-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates by Molecular Methods A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob b j je ec c t ti i v ve e: : Pse u do mo nas ae ru gi no sa is one of the im por tant no so co mi al pat ho gens and re sis tant to many an ti bi o tics inc lu ding β-lac tams. PER-1 and OXA-10 type ex ten ded-spec trum βlac ta ma ses (ESBLs), the ma jor β-lac ta ma ses, we re iden ti fi ed in P. ae ru gi no sa. The aim of this study was to iden tify PER-1 (bla PER-1) and OXA-10 (bla O XA-10)-li ke β-lac ta ma ses in cef ta zi di me-resis tant no so co mi al P. ae ru gi no sa stra ins. M Ma a t te e r ri i a al l a an nd d M Me et t h ho od ds s: : The pre sen ce of PER-1 and OXA-10 li ke β-lac ta ma ses was in ves ti ga ted by polymerase chain reaction in 50 cef ta zi di mere sis tant P. ae ru gi no sa stra ins iso la ted from pa ti ents hos pi ta li zed in va ri o us cli nics of Ondokuz Mayıs Uni versity, Scho ol of Me di ci ne bet we en 2007 and 2008. The PER and OXA-10-li ke β-lac ta ma ses we re analy zed by res tric ti on frag ment length poly morp hism (RFLP) and fol lo wed by pul sed-fi eld gel elec trop ho re sis (PFGE) for the de ter mi na ti on of clo nal re la ti ons hip of the stra ins. R Re e s su ul lt ts s: : The bla-PER-1 ge ne and bla O XA-10 li ke ge ne we re de tec ted in 23 (46%) and 39 (78%) of the 50 of cef ta zidi mere sis tant P. ae ru gi no sa iso la tes, res pec ti vely. In ad di ti on, both of the two ß-lac ta ma se ge nes we re al so de tec ted in 12 (23%) of the iso la tes. PER-1 and OXA-10,-11,-14,-16 types we re iden tifi ed by RFLP analy sis. Alt ho ugh the PFGE typing re sults yi el ded 11 dif fe rent ban ding pat terns, 74% (n= 37) of the all P. ae ru gi no sa stra ins we re inc lu ded in four ma in pat terns. C Co on nc c l lu u s si i o on n: : It was conc lu ded that the pre va len ce of PER-1 and OXA-10 enz ymes was com mon among cef ta zi di me re sis tant P. ae ru gi no sa iso la tes. PER-1 and OXA-10 enz ymes pro du ced the iso la tes we re be ing transmit ted ho ri zon tally as the most of the iso la tes we re clo nally re la ted. K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Be ta-lac ta ma ses; Pse u do mo nas ae ru gi no sa; mo le cu lar re se arc hes Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Pse u do mo nas ae ru gi no sa en önem li no zo ko mi yal pa to jen ler den bi ri dir ve β-lak tamla rı da kap sa yan bi çim de bir çok an ti bi yo ti ğe di renç li dir. PER-1 ve OXA-10 ti pin de ge niş spek trumlu β-lak ta maz lar (ESBL 'ler), ma jor β-lak ta maz lar ola rak P. ae ru gi no sa suş la rın da ta nım lan mış tır. Bu ça lış ma nın ama cı sef ta zi di me di renç li no zo ko mi yal P. ae ru gi no sa tür le rin de PER-1 (bla PER-1) ve OXA-10 (bla O XA-10) gi bi β-lak ta maz la rı ta nım la mak tır. G Ge e r re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön n t te em m l le er r: : PER-1 and OXA-10 gi bi β-lak ta maz la rın var lı ğı 2007 ve 2008 yıl la rı ara sın da Ondokuz Ma yıs Tıp Fa kül te si' nin çeşit li kli nik le rin de ya tan has ta lar dan izo le edi len 50 sef ta zi di me di renç li P. ae ru gi no sa tü rün de PCR ile araş tı rıl dı. PER ve OXA-10 ben ze ri β-lak ta maz lar tür le rin klo nal iliş ki si nin sap tan ma sı için kesi len par ça uzun luk po li mor fiz mi (RFLP) ile ana liz edil di ve pul sed-fi eld jel elek tro fo re zi (PFGE) ile tip len di ril di. B Bu ul l g gu u l la ar r: : bla PER-1 ge ni ve bla O XA-10 ben ze ri gen sef ta zi di me di renç li 50 P. aeru gi no sa tü rü nün 23'ün de (%46) ve 39'un da (%78) sı ra sıy la sap tan dı. Ek ola rak ay rı ca her iki βlak ta maz ge ni izo lat la rın 12'sin de (%23) sap tan dı. PER-1 ve OXA-10,-11,-14,-16 tip le ri RFLP ana li zi ile ta nım lan dı. PFGE tip le me so nuç la rı 11 fark lı bant lan ma pa ter ni ver me si ne rağ men tüm P. ae ru gi no sa suş la rı nın %74'ünün (n= 37) dört ana pa tern için de ol du ğu göz len miş tir. S So o n nu uç ç: : PER-1 and OXA-10 en zim le ri nin pre va lan sı nın sef ta zi di me di renç li P. ae ru gi no sa izo lat la rı için de sık oldu ğu so nu cu na va rıl dı. İzo lat la rın ço ğu klo nal ola rak iliş ki liy ken PER-1 and OXA-10 en zim le ri ya tay ola rak ile ti len izo lat lar oluş tur du lar A An na ah h t ta ar r K Ke e l li i m me e l le er r: : Beta-laktamazlar; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; moleküler araştırmalar T Tu ur rk ki iy ye e K Kl li in ni ik kl le er ri i