Noninvasive glucose level determination using diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis based on in vitro sample and human skin (original) (raw)
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Biosensors
For many years, successful noninvasive blood glucose monitoring assays have been announced, among which near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy of skin is a promising analytical method. Owing to the tiny absorption bands of the glucose buried among a dominating variable spectral background, multivariate calibration is required to achieve applicability for blood glucose self-monitoring. The most useful spectral range with important analyte fingerprint signatures is the NIR spectral interval containing combination and overtone vibration band regions. A strategy called science-based calibration (SBC) has been developed that relies on a priori information of the glucose signal (“response spectrum”) and the spectral noise, i.e., estimates of the variance of a sample population with negligible glucose dynamics. For the SBC method using transcutaneous reflection skin spectra, the response spectrum requires scaling due to the wavelength-dependent photon penetration depth, as obtained by Monte Carl...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2016
World Health Organization (WHO) stated in 2004, about 347 million people suffered from diabetes and from this statistic, about 3.4 million died from the complication of kidney failure, heart attack, body part amputation and adequately reported suffered from blindness. There are several non-invasive techniques in measuring the blood glucose level developed nowadays and among the popular technique is the near-infrared (NIR) measurement, ultrasonic sensor implementation, multisensory systems, absorbance of transmittance, bio-impedance, voltage intensity, and thermography. Among these techniques, there are several approaches that displayed a lot of potential; nonetheless some of them have produced unsatisfying results. The NIR technique has been applied in some of previous research, however the wavelength used vary for different researcher. There are several points of views on the significant wavelength range that contains suitable information regarding the peaks of glucose in blood. Th...
Physics in Medicine and Biology, 2003
Fourier-transform infrared transmission spectroscopy has been used for the determination of glucose concentration in whole blood samples from 28 patients. A 4-vector partial least-squares calibration model, using the spectral range 950-1200 cm −1 , yielded a standard-error-of-prediction of 0.59 mM for an independent test set. For blood samples from a single patient, we found that the glucose concentration was proportional to the difference between the values of the second derivative spectrum at 1082 cm −1 and 1093 cm −1. This indicates that spectroscopy at these two specific wavenumbers alone could be used to determine the glucose concentration in blood plasma samples from a single patient, with a prediction error of 0.95 mM.
Determination of Glucose Concentration in Whole Blood using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Journal of biological physics, 2003
Fourier-transform infrared(FTIR) transmission spectroscopy has beenused for the determination of glucoseconcentrations in whole blood samples fromtwenty-eight patients. A four-vectorpartial least squares calibration model,using the spectral range 950-1200 cm(-1),yielded a standard error of prediction of0.59 mM for an independent test set. Forblood samples from a single patient, wefound that the glucose concentration wasproportional to the difference between thevalues of the second derivative spectrum at1082 cm(-1) and 1093 cm(-1), suggestingthat these two specific wavelengths can beused for determining glucose concentrationsin blood.
Reagentless Near-Infrared Determination of Glucose in Whole Blood Using Multivariate Calibration
Applied Spectroscopy, 1992
Noninvasive monitoring of glucose in diabetic patients is feasible with the use of near-infrared spectroscopic measurements. As a step toward the final goal of the development of a noninvasive monitor, the nearinfrared spectra (4250 to 6600 cm-I) of glucose-doped whole blood samples were obtained along with reference glucose values. Glucose concentrations and spectra of blood samples obtained from four subjects were subjected to multivariate calibration with the use of partial least-squares (PLS) methods. The cross-validated PLS standard errors of prediction for glucose concentration based on data obtained from each individual subject's blood samples averaged 33 mg/dL over the range from 3 to 743 mg/dL. Cross-validated standard errors for glucose concentration from PLS calibrations based on data from all four subjects were 39 mg/dL. However, when PLS models based upon three subjects' data were used for prediction on the fourth, glucose prediction abilities were poor. It is suggested that blood chemistry differences were sufficiently different for the four subjects to require that a larger number of subjects be included in the calibration for adequate prediction abilities to be obtained from near-infrared spectra of blood from subjects not included in the calibration.
Spectroscopy, 2010
The aim of this paper is to evaluate development of the non-invasive blood glucose measurement of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. The results showed that NIR spectroscopy might obtain glucose concentration of up to 200% difference under a same environmental condition with two months apart due to time and machine drifts. These effects can restrict the development of the non-invasive blood glucose measurement. Partial least square (PLS) regression was used, which showed advantage over using simple absorbance for glucose concentration. Non-invasive blood glucose measurement of health subjects (non-diabetics) was also investigated. The results showed that R correlation coefficient of prediction (Rp) was 0.48 and root mean square of prediction (rmsep) was 1.34 mmol/l. The error was mainly due to the physiological effect of different subjects.
Sixth International Symposium on Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation, 2010
We have been developing a new technique for measuring urine glucose concentration using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in conjunction with the Partial Least Square (PLS) method. In the previous study, we reported some results of preliminary experiments for assessing feasibility of this method using a FT-IR spectrometer. In this study, considering practicability of the system, a flow-through cell with the optical path length of 10 mm was newly introduced. Accuracy of the system was verified by the preliminary experiments using urine samples. From the results obtained, it was clearly demonstrated that the present method had a capability of predicting individual urine glucose level with reasonable accuracy (the minimum value of standard error of prediction: SEP = 22.3 mg/dl) and appeared to be a useful means for long-term home health care. However, mean value of SEP obtained by the urine samples from ten subjects was not satisfactorily low (53.7 mg/dl). For improving the accuracy, (1) mechanical stability of the optical system should be improved, (2) the method for normalizing the spectrum should be reconsidered, and (3) the number of subject should be increased.
Determination of glucose concentration in aqueous solution using FT NIR spectroscopy
Journal of physics, 2019
NIR spectroscopy is widely used due to its capability to measure a large number of solid and liquid samples, including water-soluble constituents. The measurements of glucose concentrations in aqueous solutions are useful to examine how low concentrations of glucose in water can be measured using near-infrared spectroscopy and its potential applications for non-invasive measurements of glucose level in the blood. This paper describes an alternative approach to the determination of glucose content in aqueous solutions below 1000 mg/dL using Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy. This technique has the advantage of being less intensive sample preparation and non-destructive. Glucose in aqueous solutions were carefully prepared with concentrations of 0-100 mg/dL at intervals of 5 mg/dL, 110-500 mg/dL at intervals of 10 mg/dL and 525-1000 mg/dL at intervals of 25 mg/dL. Thus, the total produces 81 samples of standard solutions for both calibration and validation sample sets. PLSR analysis to near-infrared spectra show that glucose content in aqueous solutions can be predicted accurately with a maximum deviation of 6 mg/dL, indicating that the near-infrared prediction model is sufficient to determine glucose content in the aqueous solutions below 1000 mg/dL. The ability of the NIR to detect glucose content below 1000 mg/dL is particularly important when designing a non-destructive glucose level measuring device using a near-infrared light source.
Proceedings, 2018
This study proposes a new preprocessing technique that combines Chebyshev filtering with baseline correction technique Asymmetric Least Squares (ALS) and Savitzky-Golay transformation (SGT) to improve the prediction of Glucose from near Infrared (NIR) spectra through linear regression models Partial Least Squares (PLS) and Principal Component Regression (PCR). To investigate the performance of the proposed technique, a calibration model was first developed and then validated through prediction of Glucose from NIR spectra of a mixture of glucose, urea, and triacetin in a phosphate buffer solution where the component concentrations are within their physiological range in blood. Results indicate that the proposed technique improves the performance of both PLS and PCR and achieves standard error of prediction (SEP) as low as 12.76 mg/dL which is in the clinically acceptable level and comparable to the existing literature.