Burdyak A. Housing in Post-Soviet Russia: Inequality and the Problem of Generations // The Journal of Social Policy Studies. 2015. Vol. 13. No. 2. P. 273–288. (original) (raw)
Related papers
Housing policy and household lifecycle in post-soviet Russia: changing priorities
Housing policy of Russia is analyzed via its impact on families on different stages of lifecycle, especially on families with children. The interest is underpinned by the highest vulnerability of this group it terms of housing. We look not only on special programs designed exactly for young adults and families with dependent children, but also highlight all the housing policy measures effects. The analysis is supported by the data of representative survey ‘Person, Family, Society’ with a sample of 9.5 thousand of Russian households.
Impact of State Support Measures on the Socio-economic Situation of Families with Children
2021
Inequality in the incomes of various groups of the population and the implementation of government support measures continues to be an urgent problem in foreign and domestic scientific research. One of its important aspects is the study of the income of families with children, who make up a significant part of poor households in the Russian Federation. In accordance with this, reducing the poverty of families with children is one of the most important directions of state policy. The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of government support measures on the socioeconomic situation of families with children in the Russian Federation. The study uses such methods as document analysis, statistical data analysis, mass survey of families with children. The results of the study indicate that the measures of state support for families with children existing on a regional scale do not have a significant impact on the socioeconomic situation of families. The main reasons may be the following: the inability to obtain existing support measures for many categories of families with children, the small, insignificant amount of monetary forms of support and the determination of the right to benefits. The families with children who took part in the study are mostly dissatisfied with the existing and provided measures of state support.
Housing in the post-soviet Russia: The role of social security programs
The social security in housing and communal services and housing allowance programs are considered. The main purpose of the research is to study the changes in the structure of housing and communal services finance and to identify the target groups of the programs if any. We describe the basic parameters of the programs for the 1990s and 2000s post-soviet period. The correlation analysis is applied to investigate regional differences and targets. On the data of micro survey of 10 thousand households we show various population groups coverage. It is shown that a quarter of population benefits from social support programs in housing and communal services sphere. The program is mostly focused on middle income groups. The housing allowance program supports poor families and families with moderate income. There is no strong targeting at the population of poor regions.
Current urban studies, 2024
The number of children in the Western world has been dropping dramatically so that children are becoming relatively fewer than their elders. Iceland has been sharing the same trend. Several regions in Iceland have been experiencing more rapid reduction than others in the number of children for the past two decades or so. Does fast growing tourism play any role in this matter? According to Lino (2001), housing cost is one of the largest items in the marginal costs of raising children. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that fast growing tourism leading to increased housing prices or any other factors influencing local housing prices could easily affect the residence of children families in Iceland. The paper will address this problem by creating a general model for the population development of children families, followed by a statistical estimation on a panel data sample against housing prices, covering all municipalities in Iceland during the period of 1990-2006 and another sample for all urban communities in the period 1991-2019. The result suggests that the number of children can decrease following an increase in local housing prices. Moreover, it is not likely to affect the number of inhabitants of the age of 50-66 years old but, surprisingly, likely to affect retired inhabitants similarly as children families.
Income distribution peculiarities of households with children: a case study
Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues
The article explores family income indicators in the context of the transformation of the family model in Kazakhstan in terms of large families-households with children. The purpose of the article is to assess the level and dynamics of families´ incomes with children in Kazakhstan to develop recommendations for improving the support policy, that will provide new consumption patterns and sustainable growth of entrepreneurship activities, including social entrepreneurship.The methodology for studying the income level of families with children was based on economic and statistical methods for assessing the inequality of incomes of families with children based on a comparison of the characteristics of the distribution series and quintile groups. An income structure assessment within population is presented in the quintile groups, and the dynamics of the proportion of children in the first quintile group. The authors substantiated the use of the children´share indicator of child poverty in the absence of a corresponding indicator in official statistics in the first quintile group. An analysis of favorable dynamics related to number of children living in low-income families within the first quintile group makes possible to assess current trend as negative. An assessment is made of the differentiation of income within a group of households (HH) with children: the parameters of the distribution series by the indicator of income used for consumption are compared; the ratio of income used for consumption with a living wage is estimated as well. There is estimated uniformity and asymmetry of the distribution series of families with children. To identify common and special characteristics, the distribution series were compared with the similar characteristics of the distribution series for all households. The most significant substantive result identified by the authors is the growing inequality in the distribution of income between small families (1-2 children) and large families (3 or more children) while maintaining a high proportion of children in the first quintile. The authors developed a number of recommendations towards social policy, the introduction of an official indicator of child poverty in official statistics to adequately assess measures taken by the state, and the development of social entrepreneurship as an effective tool to empower children from low-income families.
BASEES Annual Conference, 2019
Before, during and after the Soviet-era, Russian politicians have advocated pronatal policies to address the country’s demographic challenges. Since 2007, this has included Maternity Capital (MC), a state-funded benefit, that incentivizes higher-order births. Existing research has tended to focus on determining whether pronatalism has produced a sustained increase in the nation’s fertility or has assessed the consequences for gender roles within Russian society. Some authors also contend that MC is motivated by a need to reinforce political legitimacy through a constructed demography-related morality. I argue that, not only have Russia’s contemporary pronatal measures have failed to achieve their stated demographic aims, but that the state's pronatal policies, particularly its MC programme, have evolved in order to support Russia’s housebuilding sector and domestic mortgage industry as much as its demographic ‘crisis’.
Housing the Russian middle class
Social Distinctions in Contemporary Russia: Waiting for the Middle-Class Society? Edited by Jouko Nikula and Mikhail Chernysh. Routledge, 2020
The chapter examines the housing situation of the middle class, in comparison to other groups within Russian society. The analysis begins with a qualitative study of government housing policy since the early post-socialist period. It demonstrates that policy measures were not class-targeted, yet had important implications for people residing in accommodation of different qualities and locations and for households with different compositions. The chapter proceeds with a quantitative analysis of the SDMR and GKS-KOUZH-2016 survey data. The analysis reveals that the middle class was slightly better-housed compared to the working class in the objective (having a housing unit of their own and the availability of housing space per person), but particularly in the subjective (feeling a lack of space and the self-reported physical state of a housing unit) senses. The study also demonstrates that the middle class was more active in buying and constructing new housing, and in the use of savings, capital (mostly, existing housing) and mortgage credit to finance those activities. The inequality between classes, at the same time, was less pronounced in terms of what was defined as the 'objective' quality of housing, ownership structure, and the use of funding made available through the Maternity Capital programme. The study, overall, demonstrates that while policies were not class-targeted, with time, class structuration in the Russian housing sphere is expected to become more pronounced.
Exploring housing subsidies to households in Russia
Journal of International Development, 2008
Since the early 1990s, the Russian government has undertaken a series of reforms intended to change the system from one where housing and communal services (HCSs) were nearly free to one where residents paid the costs of their housing while protecting vulnerable families. Although households payments have increased, subsidies for HCSs remain substantial (about 4 per cent of GDP) and are exceeded only by public spending for pensions. This paper uses newly available data to analyse recipients of the two major housing subsidy programs. We find that neither l'goti (which are not targeted) nor allowances (which are supposed to be targeted) have provided much protection for poorer households from tariff increases. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.