Redox-Active Profile Characterization of Remirea maritima Extracts and It Cytotoxic Effect in Mouse Fibroblasts (L929) and Melanoma (B16F10) Cells (original) (raw)
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Remirea maritima is a tropical plant with a reticulated root system belonging to the family Cyperaceae, also known to have biologically active secondary metabolites. However, very few data on R. maritima's biological actions are available and there are no 11700 reports regarding the redox-active profile of this plant. In this study, we examined the total phenolic content of Remirea maritima hydroalcoholic (RMHA) extracts, redox properties against different reactive species generated in vitro and their cytotoxic effect against fibroblasts (L929) and melanoma (B16F10) cells. Total reactive antioxidant potential index (TRAP) and total antioxidant reactivity (TAR) results revealed that RMHA at all concentrations tested showed significant antioxidant capacity. RMHA was also effective against hydroxyl radical formation, reduction of Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ and in scavenging nitric oxide (NO) radicals. In vitro, the level of lipid peroxidation was reduced by RMHA extract and the data showed significant oxidative damage protection. The RMHA cytotoxicity was evaluated by a neutral red assay in fibroblast (L929) and melanome (B16F10) cells. The obtained results showed that the RMHA (40 and 80 µg/mL, respectively) reduced 70% of the viable cells. In conclusion, this study represents the first report regarding the antioxidant and anti-proliferative potential of R. maritima against B16F10 melanoma cells.
Anti-Proliferative Effect of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Extract on Human Melanoma A375 Cells
PLOS ONE, 2015
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) has been used since ancient times in traditional medicine, while nowadays various rosemary formulations are increasingly exploited by alternative medicine to cure or prevent a wide range of health disorders. Rosemary's bioproperties have prompted scientific investigation, which allowed us to ascertain antioxidant, antiinflammatory, cytostatic, and cytotoxic activities of crude extracts or of pure components. Although there is a growing body of experimental work, information about rosemary's anticancer properties, such as chemoprotective or anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells, is very poor, especially concerning the mechanism of action. Melanoma is a skin tumor whose diffusion is rapidly increasing in the world and whose malignancy is reinforced by its high resistance to cytotoxic agents; hence the availability of new cytotoxic drugs would be very helpful to improve melanoma prognosis. Here we report on the effect of a rosemary hydroalcoholic extract on the viability of the human melanoma A375 cell line. Main components of rosemary extract were identified by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) and the effect of the crude extract or of pure components on the proliferation of cancer cells was tested by MTT and Trypan blue assays. The effect on cell cycle was investigated by using flow cytometry, and the alteration of the cellular redox state was evaluated by intracellular ROS levels and protein carbonylation analysis. Furthermore, in order to get information about the molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity, a comparative proteomic investigation was performed.
Preclinical study of the medicinal plants for the treatment of malignant melanoma
Molecular Biology Reports, 2020
Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer and originates from pigment-containing cells called melanocytes. The incidence of melanoma has been increasing worldwide. In the current study, the cytotoxic and photo-cytotoxic activities of different medicinal plants from Lamiaceae (Salvia cedronella, Salvia chionantha, and Salvia adenophylla), Asteraceae (Klasea kurdica, Klasea bornmuelleri, and Achillea millefolium), Apiaceae (Cuminum cyminum, and Anethum graveolens), and Polygonaceae (Rumex crispus) families were studied against HT 144 (Human malignant melanoma) cancer cell lines. The activities were performed by employing the MTT assay. Moreover, the apoptotic effects of the plant extracts were investigated by flow cytometry with annexin V/PI dual staining technique. The production of intracellular ROS by DCFH-DA technique and the effects of TNF-α secretion on apoptosis were also investigated. All plant extracts exhibited cytotoxic, and photo-cytotoxic effects against HT 144 cancer cells. Salvia species and Klasea species induced apoptosis via intracellular ROS generation secreted by TNF-α. On the other hand, A. millefolium, C. cyminum, A. graveolens, and R. crispus extracts induced apoptosis due to the intracellular generation of ROS, but, via the different pathway. In conclusion, this study indicates that the tested medicinal plant extracts have the potential in the treatment of melanoma.
Molecules
Although conventional medicine, chemical drug synthesis and pharmaceutical research are advancing at a rapid pace, nature remains a major supplier of biological molecules. Natural bioactive compounds are studied closely especially as an alternative to the limitations of conventional therapy in many diseases, melanoma being one of them. Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive type of cancer, and the current methods of treatment used are cryotherapy, external surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, biological therapy, and targeted drug therapy. Unfortunately, these treatment methods are often inefficient, extremely expensive and cause many side effects, which is why focusing on melanoma chemoprevention and adjuvant therapy with natural herbal phytoconstituents is an emerging strategy to prevent, cure or treat melanoma. This review aims to examine the latest discoveries in terms of potential natural bioactive compounds that possess important activity against t...
Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2015
OBJECTIVE: Chemopreventive approach with natural products, particularly plants and plant-derived ones, is receiving increasing attention for their effective role against cancer without any palpable side effects. In this study, efficacy of ethanolic extract of Ruta graveolens (RG) on skin melanoma cells (A375) in vitro and on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced skin cancer in vivo has been tested in Swiss albino mice. METHODS: Studies on cell viability, apoptosis and autophagy induction were conducted in vitro. To check apoptosis, assays like alteration in mitochondrial membrane potential, annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide assay and immunoblot were performed. Fluorescence microscopic and immunoblot assays were performed to confirm autophagy induction. The effects of RG were determined by evaluating body weight, tumor incidence, tumor volume and tumor burden in mice. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status was assessed. The role of some relevant signaling proteins was also analyzed. RESULTS: RG caused death of A375 cells through induction of caspase 3-mediated apoptosis and Beclin-1-associated autophagy. Moreover, RG administration (75 mg/kg body weight) which showed no acute or chronic toxicity, showed significant reduction in the skin tumor burden of DMBA-painted mice. RG also demonstrated potent anti-lipid peroxidative and antioxidant functions during the course of skin cancer induction by DMBA. CONCLUSION: Chemopreventive potential of RG was demonstrated from overall results of this study, indicating its possible use in therapeutic formulation of an effective drug to treat skin cancer.
ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF RICINUS COMMUNIS LEAVES AGAINST B16F10 MELANOMA INDUCED C57BL/6 MICE
Chemoprevention is an important strategy to control the process of carcinogenesis. The potential of using medicinal herbs as cancer chemo-preventive nutraceuticals and functional food is promising. Thus, there is a need for exploring drugs/agents which act as best chemo-preventive agents. Ricinus communis is a well known medicinal plant which has been used in Ayurvedic medicine as hepatoprotective, antiviral, antibacterial, analgesic, antispasmodic and anti-diabetic. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-tumor activity of Ricinus communis leaves in an in-vivo model. Results: For the in-vivo screening in present study, the LD 50 value of crude extract, when given p.o. (per oral) was found to be 30mg/kg. 1/10 th and 1/5 th of this dose was taken as effective dose. The test groups (3mg/kgbw and 6mg/kgbw) showed effective tumor reduction (75.66±3.98 and 75. 17±2.99 respectively) on day 14 th . However, there was meager difference between the two test groups, but both showed the considerable action in comparison to control group. Therefore, a significant reduction in size of tumor was observed in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion: After in-vivo screening of crude extract it was concluded that the aqueous extract contains some anti-tumor agents when it was applied against mice bearing melanoma and depicted significant reduction in tumor size.
International journal of oncology, 2013
African ethnomedicine is essentially based on the traditional use of vegetal extracts. Since these natural drugs have shown health giving properties, in the present study we increased further the scientific basis supporting these data. We investigated the effects, on murine B16F10 melanoma cells, of plant extracts that were directly obtained by a Cameroon 'traditional healer'. After a preliminary study on the antioxidant functions of these compounds, already abundant in literature, Moringa oleifera Lam., Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod and Aframomum melegueta K. Schum extracts were individually analyzed. We performed laboratory assessments on these medicinal preparations in order to clearly demonstrate their antineoplastic features. All the treatments caused in tumor cells a great reduction in growth and proliferation rate, cell cycle arrest, increase of p53, p21WAF1/Cip1 and p27Kip1 protein levels and induction of differentiation. These results, on the bioactivity and ...
Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Various Meliaceae Plants Extract
2023
Meliaceae plant is a large, evergreen plant which extracts are rich in natural promising compounds with numerous bioactivities including antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of phenolic and flavonoid which were investigated using DPPH and ABTS methods. In addition, MCF7 cells were also used to assess the cytotoxic activities of 11 potential extracts derived from various Meliaceae plants family with MTT assay. Antioxidant activity as a scavenger of large DPPH free radicals is known to have a small IC 50 value. The highest antioxidants are in Toona ciliata leaves extract with the IC 50 value of 7.68 μg/mL, while the lowest DPPH antioxidants are in Aglaia foveolata twig with the IC 50 value of 256.07 μg/mL. As for the ABTS antioxidant showed the highest value are in Aglaia tomentosa-Bengkulu with the IC 50 value of 8.91 μg/mL, while the lowest is Aglaia foveolata leaves (IC 50 of 1170.2 μg/mL). Moreover, MCF7 epithelial cells challenged with the extract showed a concentration dependent increase in cytotoxicity. Based on MCF7 inhibition, Aglaia foveolata leaves had enough active cytotoxic activity followed by Dysoxylum parasiticum-Jawa, Dysoxylum parasiticum-Sumatera, Aglaia tomentosa-Central Sulawesi and Aglaia faveolata stem bark. The IC 50 value is focus on Aglaia foveolata i.e., leaves and stem bark part of plant, namely 72.4 and 103.2 μg/mL, respectively. In this study, the highest free radical scavenging activity and also antimicrobial activity was exhibited by the methanolic extract of Toona ciliata leaves. It suggests that Toona ciliata leaves extract may become a promising antioxidant of Meliaceae. Moreover, remarkable cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cell line was found for the methanolic extracts of Aglaia foveolta leaves. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of different types of compounds like phenol, flavonoids, and others, which could be responsible for the obtained activities.
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2016
The crude extracts from stem bark of Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham containing naturally occurring antioxidants were screened for their most abundant phytosecondary metabolite, antiproteolytic and cytotoxic properties. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity, Ferric reducing power and β Carotene linoleic acid assay. The antiproteolytic activity of crude extracts was determined by inhibition of trypsin-induced hydrolysis of BSA. The IC50 of cytotoxic effect on HepG2 and B16F0 cell line was investigated using MTT assay. Preliminary phytochemical analysis exhibited the presence of terpenoids as a major phytochemical reflecting higher antioxidant activity in a dose dependent manner. The PEECN extract showed good antiproteolytic activity with 26.04% inhibition on BSA. The IC50 values of PEECN against HepG2 and B16F0 cells using MTT assay were determined to be 34.67 ± 1.10 μg/ml and 49.43 ± 4.778 μg/ml after 48 h, respectively. These results demonstrate that the petroleum ether extract containing most terpenoid fraction exhibited potential antiproteolytic and cytotoxic activity against hepatocellular carcinoma and mouse melanoma in vitro through inhibition of proliferating cancerous cells.
Phytomedicine, 2016
Background: Remirea maritima has been widely used in the treatment of diarrhea, kidney disease, and high fever and for therapeutic purposes, such as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory. However, few scientific research studies on its medicinal properties have been reported. Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer potential of aqueous extract (AE), 40% hydroalcoholic extracts (40HA) and 70% (70HA) from R. maritima in experimental models and to identify its phytochemical compounds. Methods: The chemical composition of AE, 40HA and 70HA was assessed by HPLC-DAD and ESI-IT-MS/MS. In vitro activity was determined on cultured tumor cell, NCI-H385N (Broncho-alveolar carcinoma), OVCAR-8 (Ovarian carcinoma) and PC-3 M (prostate carcinoma) by the MTT assay, and the in vivo antitumor activity was assessed in Sarcoma 180-bearing mice. Toxicological parameters were also evaluated as well as the humoral immune response. Results: Among the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of R. maritima , only 40HA showed in vitro biological effect potential, presenting IC 50 values of 27.08, 46.62 and > 50 μg/ml for OVCAR-8, NCI-H385M and PC-3 M cells lines, respectively. Regarding chemical composition, a mixture of isovitexin-2-O-β-Dglucopyranoside, vitexin-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-glucuronide and 1-O-(E)-caffeoyl-β-Dglucose were identified as the major phytochemical compounds of the extracts. In the in vivo study, the tumor inhibition rates were 57.16-62.57% at doses of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, respectively, and the tumor morphology presented increasing numbers of apoptotic cells. Additionally, 40HA also demonstrated significantly increased of OVA-specific total Ig. Conclusions: 40HA exhibited in vitro and in vivo anticancer properties without substantial toxicity that could be associated with its immunostimulating properties.