Serum M3/M21 in ovarian cancer patients (original) (raw)
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Serum cytokeratin-19 fragment (Cyfra 21-1) is a prognostic indicator for epithelial ovarian cancer
Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2014
Objectives: Cytokeratin 19 is significant for indicating cancer cells, and Cyfra 21-1 is a fragment of cytokeratin 19. This retrospective study was designed to define the prognostic value of serum Cyfra 21-1 in epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). Materials and methods: Serum Cyfra 21-1 concentration was obtained from 42 patients with EOC prior to treatment. Various prognostic aspects were examined using univariable and multivariable analyses. The standard serum marker cancer antigen 125 was measured simultaneously and compared in this analysis. Results: Serum levels of both Cyfra 21-1 and cancer antigen 125 were associated with positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes and platinum resistance; higher levels of Cyfra 21-1 (3.0 ng/mL as the cutoff) were associated with shorter disease-free survival (16 months vs. 28 months, p ¼ 0.001) and overall survival (29 months vs. 41 months, p ¼ 0.007) than lower levels. Further univariable analysis showed that Cyfra 21-1, poor differentiation, and retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis were related to platinum resistance and mortality. Multivariable analysis indicated retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis and serum Cyfra 21-1 were independent risk factors for both disease-free survival and overall survival. Conclusion: The pretreatment level of serum Cyfra 21-1 had remarkable prognostic significance for EOC, indicating poor survival when it was elevated above 3.0 ng/mL.
Expression of Cytokeratins 7 and 20 in Ovarian Neoplasia
American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 2002
To further delineate specific staining patterns and refine the differential usefulness of cytokeratin (CK) 7/20 staining, we studied multiple ovarian tumors and primary nongynecologic neoplasms likely to metastasize to the ovary. Immunohistochemical analysis with semiquantitative grading to give quartile scores (0-4) was performed on 127 cases. Subsequent analysis indicated that a more informative diagnostic segregation could be achieved with a biphasic grading system (>50% staining, positive; 50% or less, negative). Lower intestinal tumors were CK7-and usually CK20+, while upper gastrointestinal tumors, including those of pancreatobiliary origin, were mostly CK7+ and CK20-. Serous papillary ovarian tumors were all CK7+ and CK20-. Mucinous ovarian carcinomas were all CK7+ and slightly more often CK20-, whereas the small number of ovarian borderline mucinous tumors studied were the most problematic, with no clear pattern. Multiple different tumor types from all nonovarian gynecologic sites were fairly consistently CK7+ and almost always CK20-. Differential CK staining of mucinous tumors of the female genital tract using CK7 and CK20 is useful for predicting the site of origin, provided samples are adequate in size. The most specific usefulness is the identification of lower gastrointestinal vs "other" neoplasms. Ovarian carcinoma ranks high among causes of cancerrelated deaths among women in the United States. The overall long-term prognosis is usually poor, with limited chemotherapeutic options. Primary mucinous ovarian carcinomas constitute approximately 10% of all primary ovarian malignant neoplasms. 1 Mucinous carcinomas involving the ovary are, in fact, more likely to be secondary neoplasms, originating most commonly in the large intestine and appendix but also in the stomach, pancreas, gallbladder, kidneys, and breast, among other sites. 2 Metastatic clear cell carcinomas and tumors originating in other gynecologic sites can likewise pose diagnostic dilemmas with primary ovarian carcinomas. The issue of ovarian vs nonovarian primary site is reasonably common, as approximately 7% of malignant ovarian tumors found on exploration of an abdominal or pelvic mass are metastatic. 3 Despite the fact that metastatic ovarian tumors are described as bilateral in up to two thirds of cases and tend to have a multinodular pattern without peritoneal involvement, the gross features are sometimes misleading. For example, Daya et al 4 found that 75% of metastatic large intestinal adenocarcinomas to the ovary were unilateral. The microscopic features can be similarly misleading, with colorectal carcinoma classically mimicking endometrioid ovarian carcinoma but also primary ovarian mucinous carcinoma. Various authors have attempted to define microscopic criteria to distinguish these tumors, including a garland pattern and "dirty" necrosis in colorectal adenocarcinoma metastatic to the ovary. 3-6 Other authors have refuted the usefulness of the aforementioned microscopic features or at least cautioned against relying on their use. 7,8 Because metastatic large intestinal tumors portend a far worse prognosis than primary
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 serum levels in ovarian cancer patients
European Journal of Cancer, 1999
The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 is an important mediator of monocyte infiltration in various solid tumours of epithelial origin. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of MCP-1 in the natural history of ovarian cancer and to determine its value as differentiation marker and prognostic marker regarding disease free and overall survival. This retrospective study comprises 86 patients with ovarian cancer, 48 with primary ovarian cancer and 38 with recurrent ovarian cancer, 67 patients with benign ovarian cysts and 42 healthy women. Median serum levels in patients with primary ovarian cancer, recurrent ovarian cancer, benign ovarian cysts and in healthy women were 535.6 (range 129.6-1200) pg ml -1 , 427.3 (range 193.4-1101) pg ml -1 , 371.2 (range 222-986.8) pg ml -1 and 318.7 (range 241.3-681.4) pg ml -1 respectively (Mann-Whitney U-test, P < 0.001). Univariate logistic regression models revealed a significant influence of MCP-1 serum levels on the odds of presenting with primary ovarian cancer versus benign cysts and versus healthy women respectively (univariate logistic regression, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 respectively). In a multivariate logistic regression model considering MCP-1 and CA 125 serum levels simultaneously, both MCP-1 and CA 125 revealed statistical significance on the odds of presenting with primary ovarian cancer versus benign cysts (multivariate logistic regression, P = 0.05 and P < 0.001 respectively). In ovarian cancer patients, MCP-1 serum levels showed a statistically significant correlation with histological grade (Mann-Whitney U-test, P = 0.02) and age at the time of diagnosis (Mann-Whitney U-test, P = 0.03). Elevated MCP-1 serum levels prior to therapy were not associated with disease-free and overall survival (log-rank test, P = 0.2 and P = 0.7 respectively). In summary these data indicate that MCP-1 might play a functional role in the natural history of ovarian cancer and might serve as differentiation marker between benign ovarian cysts and ovarian cancer, providing additional information to the established tumour marker CA 125.
Observational study on serum markers and circulating tumor cells in ovarian cancer
IP Archives of Cytology and Histopathology Research
- To detect Cyclophilin, APC and SFRP5 genes associated with Epithelial ovarian cancer by PCR. 2) To study and compare the prognostic and diagnostic efficacy of serological markers like Ca 125 and HE4 and their correlation with epithelial/ non epithelial ovarian neoplasms.Comparative observational study, Prospective study 64 cases fulfilling the inclusion criteria and giving their consent for inclusion in the study were enrolled as subjects of the present study over a period of one year. After DNA extraction (Invitrogen mini kit, USA) conventional PCR to amplify the extracted DNA and further subjected them to agarose gel electrophoresis for the identification(expression) of 3 genes i.e Cyclophillin, APC and SFRP5, was done; However, none expressed.ELISA was used to assess CA125 and HE4 pre and post surgical intervention. The serum markers were raised more in malignant epithelial ovarian cancer cases and levels plummeted after surgical intervention, as compared to benign masses. We ...
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
22 (2), 315-323 ovarian cancer (EOC) include surgery and chemotherapy (Ledermann et al., 2013). However, the prognosis of patients who undergo those treatments are poor. The 5-year cause-specific survival of EOC for all stages is 47% (Torre et al., 2018). There are many factors affecting survival in EOC, for instance, cancer stage, age at diagnosis, histopathological type, pathological grade, surgical status, residual disease, performance status, and biological factors such as proteins and gene expressions (Onal et al., 2017). Prognostic factors may help clinicians in deciding on types of surgery and adjuvant therapies according to individual risks. The role of immunology in ovarian cancer has been
Cytokines and Prognostic Factors in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology, 2016
Introduction Ovarian cancer has a high mortality and delayed diagnosis. Inflammation is a risk factor for ovarian cancer, and the inflammatory response is involved in almost all stages of tumor development. Immunohistochemical staining in stroma and epithelium of a panel of cytokines in benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm was evaluated. In addition, immunostaining was related to prognostic factors in malignant tumors. Method The study group comprised 28 ovarian benign neoplasias and 28 ovarian malignant neoplasms. A panel of cytokines was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (Th1: IL-2 and IL-8; Th2: IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10; and TNFR1). Chi-square test with Yates’ correction was used, which was considered significant if less than 0.05. Results TNFR1, IL-5, and IL-10 had more frequent immunostaining 2/3 in benign neoplasms compared with malignant tumors. Malignant tumors had more frequent immunostaining 2/3 for IL-2 in relation to benign tumors. The immunostaining 0/1 of IL 8 was more f...
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 2013
Purpose This study was conducted to determine the clinical significance of serum M30 and M65 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods A total of 56 patients with EOC and 56 healthy women were included in the study. All of the patients received platinum-based chemotherapy. Pretreatment levels of M30 and M65 were measured using the quantitative ELISA method. Results The median M30 and M65 serum levels were significantly elevated in the EOC patients compared with the healthy controls (96.7 vs. 69.5, p = 0.028 and 436.4 versus 166.3, p \ 0.001, respectively). The cutoff value of 423.4 U/L for M65 determined with ROC analysis, predicted progression with 75.1 % sensitivity and 65.6 % specificity (AUC = 0.708, p = 0.008). Patients with higher M65 levels had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.021). Both M30 and M65 serum levels were significantly higher for serous-type histology (p = 0.001 and p \ 0.001, respectively). Increased M65 serum levels were associated with advanced disease (p = 0.005) and higher grade (p = 0.005). Moreover, M65 levels were higher for chemotherapy-resistant patients (p = 0.04). Multivariate analysis revealed that an elevated serum M65 level was the only significant independent prognostic factor (p = 0.039, HR 3.792). Conclusions These results indicated that serum M30 and M65 levels were significantly elevated in patients with EOC compared with healthy women. Particularly, high serum M65 levels were associated with poor prognosis and resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy.
Serum tumor markers in the management of ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2004
CA 125 is the most reliable serum marker for ovarian carcinoma. Whereas its role in the screening of the malignancy is controversial, serum CA 125 assay is very useful for both the differential diagnosis of ovarian masses, particularly in postmenopause, and the monitoring of the response to chemotherapy and follow-up of patients with histologically proven ovarian carcinoma. Tumor-associated antigens other than CA 125, such as CA 19.9, CA 15.3 and TAG.72, firstly identified in gastro-intestinal or breast malignancies, have been detected also in tissue and serum samples from patients with ovarian carcinoma. In particular CA19.9 offers the advantage of high sensitivity for mucinous histotype, which often fails to express CA 125. Serum CA 125 correlates with the clinical course of disease better than the other antigens, and in patients with positive CA 125 assay at diagnosis the concomitant evaluation of CA 19.9 or CA 72.4 or CA 15.3 does not offer any additional benefit for monitoring ovarian carcinoma. Conversely, the serial measurements of these other antigens may represent an interesting biochemical tool for the management of patients with negative CA 125 assay. Serum aFP and bHCG are very useful in the preoperative evaluation and management of nondysgerminomatous ovarian germ cell tumors, whereas elevated serum inhibin levels can be detected in patients with granulosa cell tumors of the ovary. As for endometrial carcinoma, preoperative serum CA 125 levels correlate with stage, depth of myometrial invasion, histologic grade, cervical invasion, peritoneal cytology, lymph node status and clinical outcome. Moreover, serial CA 125 assay is a good indicator of disease activity and a useful biochemical tool for post-treatment surveillance of patients with endometrial carcinoma. SCC is the most reliable serum marker for squamous cell cervical carcinoma, and in patients with this malignancy pretreatment SCC levels are related to tumor stage, tumor size, depth of cervical invasion, lymph-vascular space involvement, lymph node status and clinical outcome. Serial SCC measurements parallel the response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy as well as the clinical course of disease after the completion of treatment. Serum CYFRA 21.1 seems to be less sensitive than serum SCC for squamous cell cervical carcinoma. Elevated CA 125 levels can be often detected in patients with cervical adenocarcinoma. The future for tumor marker research is represented by the emerging technologies of transcriptional profiling and proteomics.
British journal of cancer, 1986
A new method with a low pH step to dissociate serum complexes has been developed to measure serum levels of antigens associated with ovarian cancer. The antigens are detected by monoclonal antibodies HMFG1 and HMFG2 and have been compared to an existing ovarian cancer associated antigen detected by the antibody CA125. Elevated HMFG1 was found in 56%, and elevated HMFG2 in 65% of 924 sera from 85 patients with ovarian cancer. CA125 was elevated in 85% of these sera. When the three markers were used in conjunction, 95% of sera from patients with ovarian cancer were positive--compared with 7% in sera from healthy control subjects. Therefore, the combination of HMFG1, HMFG2 and CA125 increases the diagnostic accuracy. If all three markers are normal in a patient previously treated for ovarian cancer then no further positive information regarding disease status can be obtained by ultrasound and CT scanning.