Is household food insecurity associated with overweight/obesity in women? (original) (raw)
Related papers
Journal of health, population and nutrition, 2024
Background Food insecurity affects diet and nutrition intakes. We explored the relationship between food insecurity and dietary intakes in a group of Iranian women. Methods The cross-sectional study was performed on 190 healthy females aged 20-55 years attending primary healthcare centers in Shiraz. Food insecurity was evaluated by Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, which is a validated tool for assessing food insecurity in developing countries. Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. The association of dietary patterns and food insecurity was assessed by linear regression. Results Assessment of dietary intakes revealed that consumption of red meat, poultry, fish, dairy, fruits, non-starchy vegetables, and nuts decreased whereas that of grains, processed meats, potato, and sugary foods increased with increasing food insecurity. Among nutrients, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, folic acid, potassium, calcium, and magnesium decreased while fat and sodium increased as food insecurity increased. Three major dietary patterns were detected. Healthy dietary patterns showed inverse associations with food insecurity in the crude (β =-0.422 and − 0.435, P < 0.001) and adjusted (adjusted for age, marital status, and educational level) (β =-0.475 and − 0.341, P < 0.001) models of regression analysis but unhealthy pattern did not show an association with food insecurity. Compared to food secure participants, a higher percentage of food insecure individuals indicated unhealthy eating habits, such as skipping breakfast, lower snack ingestion, more fast and fried food consumption, and using unhealthy cooking methods. Conclusion Overall, this study showed that food insecurity was associated with less healthy diet and unhealthy cooking and eating habits.
Food insecurity is positively related to overweight in women
Journal of Nutrition
Although individuals with poor food security might be expected to have reduced food intake, and thus reduced body fat and less likelihood of being overweight, these associations have not been adequately studied. The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between food insecurity and overweight as measured by body mass index (BMI) using data from the nationally representative 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII). Overweight was defined as BMI >27.3 kg/m(2) for women and 27.8 kg/m(2) for men. Food insecurity was related to overweight status for women (n = 4509, P < 0.0001), but not for men (n = 4970, P = 0.44). Excluding the 11 severely insecure women, the prevalence of overweight among women increased as food insecurity increased, from 34% for those who were food secure (n = 3447), to 41% for those who were mildly food insecure (n = 966) and to 52% for those who were moderately food insecure (n = 86). Food insecurity remained a...
Food insecurity, socio-economic factors and weight status in two Iranian ethnic groups
Ethnicity and Health
To study the association of weight status with food insecurity (FI) and socio-economic status (SES) in Azeri and Kurd ethnic groups living in Urmia city, North-Western Iran. In this cross-sectional study, 723 participants (427 women and 296 men) aged 20-64 years old, from two ethnic groups (445 Azeri and 278 Kurd), were selected through a combination of cluster, random and systematic sampling methods. Demographic and socio-economic characteristics were assessed by a valid questionnaire, and household food security status was analyzed using an adapted household food insecurity access scale through face-to-face interviews at homes. General and central obesities were measured and evaluated using standard methods. Based on the findings, moderate-to-severe FI, as well as low SES, was more dominant in Kurds, compared to Azeris. After adjusting for confounders, being female(OR = 4.33, CI 95%: 2.35-7.97) and moderate-to-severe FI (OR = 2.00, CI 95%: 1.01-3.97) in Azeris and being female (OR...
Obesity and household food insecurity: evidence from a sample of rural households in Malaysia
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2005
Objective: The study examined nutritional outcomes related to body fat accumulation of food insecurity among women from selected rural communities in Malaysia. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Rural communities (seven villages and two palm plantations) in a district with high percentage of welfare recipients. Subjects and Measurements: Malay (n ¼ 140) and Indian (n ¼ 60) women were interviewed and measured for demographic, socioeconomic, anthropometric, dietary and physical activity information. The women were measured for their body mass index and waist circumference (WC). Energy and nutrient intakes, food group intake and food variety score were analyzed from 24 h dietary recalls and food-frequency questionnaire. Daily physical activity of the women was examined as the number of hours spent in economic, domestic, leisure and sport activities. Results: Using the Radimer/Cornell Hunger and Food Insecurity Instrument, 58% of the women reported some degree of food insecurity (household insecure 14%, adult insecure 9.5% and child hunger 34.5%). In general, food-insecure women had lower years of education, household income and income per capita, more children and mothers as housewives. More than 50% of food-insecure women were overweight and obese than women from food-secure households (38%). Similarly, more foodinsecure women (32-47%) had at-risk WC (Z88 cm) than food-secure women (29%). Food-insecure women spent significantly more time in domestic and leisure activities than food-secure women. Overweight and abdominal adiposity among the women were associated with a number of independent variables, such as women as housewives, women with more children, larger household size, food insecurity, shorter time spent in economic activities, longer time spent in leisure activities and lower food variety score. After adjusting for factors that are related to both adiposity and food insecurity, women from food-insecure households were significantly more likely to have at-risk WC, but not obese. Conclusion: Among this sample of rural women, the relationship between food insecurity and obesity is a complex one, which involves the interaction with other factors. Nevertheless, given that obesity and food insecurity are of public health concerns in the developing nations, the association between the two should be further investigated.
Journal of Health Population and Nutrition, 2022
Background: Investigations on food insecurity have shown that food insecurity is inversely associated with health. We examined the association of food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors in women living in Shiraz, Iran. Methods: The cross-sectional study was performed on 190 females. Food insecurity was assessed by Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Cardiometabolic risk factors including anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, and serum glucose and lipids were measured. Metabolic syndrome score was calculated according to the criteria described for Iranian adults. The association of food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors was assessed by linear regression. Results: The prevalence of food security, and mild, moderate, and severe food insecurity was 42.6%, 40.5%, 15.8%, and 1.1%, respectively. Cardiometabolic risk factors worsened with increasing severity of food insecurity. Among the risk factors, body mass index (BMI) had the strongest association with food insecurity. After controlling demographic factors and BMI, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total, LDL, and HDL cholesterols, and metabolic syndrome score still showed significant associations with food insecurity (P < 0.01) but systolic and diastolic blood pressure were no longer associated with food insecurity after adjustment for BMI. Conclusion: Overall, although BMI was strongly associated with food insecurity, cardiometabolic risk factors including blood glucose, triglycerides, total, HDL, and LDL cholesterols, and metabolic syndrome score were associated with food insecurity independent of BMI, suggesting that other factors such as lifestyle and diet may have contributed to the exacerbated cardiometabolic risk in food insecure participants of this study. Future studies need to clarify underlying factors in the association of food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
AIMS Medical Science, 8(3): 175–188, 2021
Background: Food insecurity (FI) has received much attention in the last decades due to its strong association with obesity. Indeed, it has begun to be a serious concern, especially in developing countries undergoing a nutritional transition. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between FI, food intake and the risk of obesity in an agricultural community of women from El Jadida Province in Morocco. Materials and methods: The survey included a sample of 214 women. Weight and height were measured, and the body mass index was calculated. FI was measured using a household FI access scale. Food intake was evaluated using two 24-hour dietary recalls. Variance tests and Chi-square tests are applied for means ± standard deviations comparisons and proportions with percentages of continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Results: The female population surveyed had an average age of 44 ± 13 years, 42% were obese, 36% were overweight, and 86% were centrally ...
Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods, 2015
Food insecurity defined as limited access to enough food in a socially acceptable way, is associated with physical, social and psychological problems. In the present study we assess food insecurity status and related socioeconomic and nutritional factors in a sample of urban population in Tabriz, Iran. This cross-sectional study on 300 households (99 men and 201 women) was conducted among subjects in Qumtepe region in Tabriz. General and socioeconomic factors have been obtained from participants. Food security status and dietary intake were assessed by a 6-item short questionnaire and a 32-item food frequency questionnaire respectively. SPSS 11.5 was used for statistical analysis. The prevalence of food insecurity in the current study was 36%. Mean family size in food insecure group was significantly higher and body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower compared with food secure group. Subjects in food insecure group consumed lower amounts of dairy products (P<0.05). In the multinomial logistic regression model, being male subject, having lower income and lower BMI were potent predictors of food insecurity (P<0.05). In conclusion, food insecurity was prevalent in our study and was associated with BMI and several socioeconomic factors. Prospective studies are needed to further elucidate the causal relationship between variables.
Association of Food Insecurity and Weight Status of Women in Tuba Island, Malaysia
Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal, 2021
Global concern is food insecurity and low weight status, contributing to poor health outcomes. Food deficiency happens when people can't get enough food much of the time; on the other hand, low weight status occurs when people eat more or less than they need. Women are a potentially vulnerable group of people facing weight and food insecurity. Therefore, this research was intended to establish the connection between the status of food insecurity and the weight status of women on Tuba Island. This is a cross-sectional study design, and about 114 women aged 18-45 years have participated in Tuba Island. The Radimer/Cornell hunger and food insecurity questionnaire and anthropometric measurements are the study's measurement methods. Via a face-to-face interview, this research was carried out. With 64.9 percent and 35.1 percent, respectively, the incidence of food insecurity was higher than food security. The prevalence of low weight status (underweight, overweight and obese) was ...
2021
Background: Investigations on food insecurity have shown that food insecurity is negatively associated with health. We examined the association of food insecurity, cardiometabolic risk factors, and dietary patterns in women. Methods: The cross-sectional study was performed on 190 females referred to primary health care centers in Shiraz, Iran. Food insecurity was assessed by Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Cardiometabolic risk factors including anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, and serum glucose and lipids were measured. Diet was assessed with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Results: Cardiometabolic risk factors increased across food insecurity levels (P<0.001 to 0.009). Two healthy and 1 unhealthy dietary patterns were extracted. Food insecure participants consumed less meats, dairy, fruit, and vegetables but more processed meats (P<0.001). Intake of fat, cholesterol, and sodium increased and that of fiber, vitamins A and C, folic acid,...
Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2017
There is mixed evidence about food insecurity and overweight/obesity coexisting, however it is unclear about association between food insecurity and weight status in people with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between food insecurity and weight status in individuals with type 2 diabetes in rural areas in Iran. 1847 patients with type 2 diabetes who were residence in rural areas completed Household Food Security Scale (six-item short questionnaire). Logistic regression model was applied to assess the independent effect of food insecurity on weight status. Mean age of the study population was 62.6±11.8 years, and the majority of them were female (70.4%). Most of the study population (70.4%) had unhealthy weight status. Food insecurity affected more than 46% (n=852) of the households of the study population. According to weight status, more than 40% (n=565) of overweight and obese subjects and 60% (n=18) of underweight subjects lived i...