Longitudinal modeling of adolescents' activity involvement, problem peer associations, and youth smoking (original) (raw)
Related papers
American Journal of Community Psychology, 1996
Using a sample of 556 adolescents from a suburban community, patterns of various adolescent problem behaviors (e.g., delinquent behavior, smokin~ use of alcohol or drugs) and their links to self-efficacy, social competence, and life events were examined. Cluster analysis was conducted to identify four subgroups of adolescents who showed distinct patterns of problem behaviors. These clusters were compared on the measures of self-efficacy, social competence, and life events. Overall results suggest there are meaningful links between adolescents' problem behavior patterns and self-efficacy, the amount and quality of participation in various after school activities, and life events. For example, a subgroup of adolescents who showed uniformly low prevalence of all problem behaviors reported more positive academic self-efficacy, more active participation in sports and nonsports activities, more positive life events, and fewer negative events than adolescents who were involved in multiple problem behaviors. Implications for prevention and future research on adolescent problem behaviors are discussed.
Patterns of organized activity participation in urban, early adolescents
2009
This study examines patterns of organized activity and their concurrent asso-ciation with academic achievement, problem behavior, and perceived adult support in a sample of urban, early adolescent, middle school students (mean age = 13.01; N = 2,495). Cluster analyses yielded six activity profiles: an uninvolved group (n = 775, 31.1%), a multiply involved group (n = 247, 9.9%), a sports group (n = 469, 18.8%), a church group (n = 486, 19.5%), a school and community clubs group (n = 278, 11.1%), and a community clubs and sports group (n = 240, 9.6%). These profiles are differentially associated with academic achievement, problem behavior, and adult support. While some form of organized activity is generally associated with more positive outcomes, the school and community and community and sports profiles also report the highest levels of delinquency, drug use, and school suspensions. Results support the utility of using person-centered approaches to studying youth-organized activities.
2009
The purpose of this study was to fill gaps in previous literature on adolescent involvement in activities that are school-based in relation adolescent alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and illicit substance use, while taking into account important individual and sociodemographic variables. Research was conducted with 49 12th grade students in two public high school in North Central West Virginia. Data were collected using an internet questionnaire accessible to students on Survey Monkey. The questionnaire consisted of tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and illicit drug use questions that were derived directly from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) questions pertaining to students involvement in school-based activities during the past school year. The present study tested three separate hypotheses. The first hypothesis was that higher rates of involvement in extracurricular activities would be associated with lower levels of substance use. The present study found statistically significant negative relationships between involvement in school-based activities and tobacco and alcohol use. The second hypothesis was that males would report higher levels of substance use than females, especially males involved in sports activities. A hierarchical regression analyses showed that the addition of gender and sports involvement into the model did not explain a significant portion of the variance in tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drug use. Finally, the third hypothesis was that adolescents from the lower SES school would have higher rates of substance use than those adolescents from the higher SES school. Three separate meanlevel comparisons by school found that students from the lower SES school were not significantly more likely to use cigarettes, alcohol, or illicit drugs than students from the lower SES school. Result findings are discussed in relation to implications of the study, study limitations, and recommendations for future research.
Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 2009
The goal of this study was to examine initial levels and rates of change in the intensity and breadth of participation in organized activities during the adolescent years, and how these participation practices were related to youth outcomes in later adolescence. The main objectives were (a) to examine growth curves of intensity and breadth of participation from Grades 7 through 11 and their interrelations, and (b) to test the associations between these dimensions of participation and academic orientation, risky behaviors, internalizing problems, and civic development in Grade 11. A homogenous sample of 299 youth (mean age = 13.37, SD = .41; 62% girls) were surveyed annually using questionnaires and phone interviews. The main results revealed that (a) even though both intensity and breadth of participation decreased over time, intensity of participation showed steeper declines by later grades, and (b) initial levels of participation were better predictors of later outcomes than rates of change over time. Regardless of the levels of change taking place over time, results revealed that youth with high initial levels of participation (both intensity and breadth) were more committed to school and developed more positive values towards society by Grade 11 than those who participated less. This might suggest that a high level of participation during early-tomid-adolescence is particularly important when it comes to later outcomes.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2022
Background: Worldwide, Smoking is one of the most critical public health issues. On the other hand, different levels of family activity may explain adolescent smoking behaviors. Therefore, this longitudinal study examines the effect of family activities on adolescent Smoking in the United States. Methods: 4966 American adolescents aged 12-18 years are used for analysis between 1980 and 2015. Family process criteria (peer influence, control variables, and Smoking) are used to collect data. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and logistic regression are used to analyze the data. Results:The results showed that women are less likely to smoke than men. The same is true for blacks as compared to whites. Children separated from the family are 20 percent more likely to smoke, and adolescents with high physical activity levels are less likely to smoke before age 16. Moreover, moderate sport levels reduce the risk of smoking by 15%, so people who are more physically active are less likely to smoke during adolescence, but parental education was not related to smoking. Conclusion: Developing standard programs with adequate education and social reinforcement and the efforts of families and communities to engage in sports activities reduced adolescent smoking.
2000
Relations among academic achievement, school bonding, school misbehavior, and cigarette use from 8th to 12th grade were examined in two national panel samples of youth (n ϭ 3056). A series of competing conceptual models developed a priori was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings suggest that during middle adolescence the predominant direction of influence is from school experiences to cigarette use. School misbehavior and low academic achievement contribute to increased cigarette use over time both directly and indirectly. Two-group SEM analyses involving two cohorts-gender and ethnicityrevealed that our findings are robust. In addition, comparisons between high school dropouts and nondropouts and between eighth-grade cigarette use initiators and nonusers revealed few differences in direction or magnitude of effects. Results suggest that prevention programs that attempt to reduce school misbehavior and academic failure, as well as to help students who misbehave and have difficulty in school constructively avoid negative school-and healthrelated outcomes, are likely to be effective in reducing adolescent cigarette use.
Identifying and characterizing adolescent smoking trajectories
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2004
Our understanding of longitudinal patterns of adolescent smoking development and the determinants of these patterns is limited. The present study evaluated adolescent smoking trajectories and characterized these trajectories with social, psychological, and behavioral factors in a cohort of adolescents assessed annually from grades 9 to 12. Complete data (smoking practices, novelty seeking, academic performance, substance use, peer smoking, physical activity and sports participation, and tobacco ad receptivity) were available on 968 participants; data were analyzed using latent class growth modeling. Four adolescent smoking trajectories emerged: never smokers, experimenters, earlier/faster smoking adopters, and later/slower smoking adopters. Early adopters were characterized by their high novelty seeking personality, depressive symptoms, poorer academic performance, and receptivity to tobacco advertising, as well as their exposure to other smokers, and use of other substances. Later ...
Peer-group association and adolescent tobacco use
Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1990
Mosbach & Leventhal (1988) examined the relation of cigarette smoking to peer-group identification in rural Wisconsin adolescents. They found that among dirts (problem-prone youth), regulars (average youth), hot-shots (good social or academic performers), and jocks (athletes), youth most likely to smoke were dirts and hot-shots. We performed a replication with a Southern California cohort and also for use of smokeless tobacco. We hypothesized that jocks would be the main users of smokeless tobacco. We identified the same groups and an additional one, skaters (skateboarders or surfers). As Mosbach & Leventhal found, cigarettes were used most by dirts. Contrary to their results, but consistent with other research, we found that hot-shots were least likely to smoke. Contrary to our prediction, we found that skaters and dirts were more likely to use smokeless tobacco than were jocks. Our data show that both tobacco forms are used by problem-prone youth.