Mass Market Credit in Seven Leading Latin American Cities (original) (raw)
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Access to and use of financial services in Latin America.pdf
This paper aims to carry out a theoretical and methodological analysis on the access to and use of financial services, recognizing that it is a vital issue especially for the productive sector of a country. It begins by reviewing the concept of banking, and then through a descriptive analysis to present the most relevant aspects of access to financial services in Brazil, Colombia, Peru and finally Ecuador. Based on these results, reference points are made for the evaluation of Ecuador, where there is a rapid expansion of the banking sector to previously unknown areas.
Financial Issues in Latin America
Systemic financial problems, from hyperinflation to fiscal, banking and currency crises, have loomed large in the economic history of Latin America. Indeed, it seems that every year some Latin American country or other manages to get itself into serious financial trouble. What explains the prevalence of macroeconomic instability in Latin America? The course attempts to answer this question by analyzing both fundamental and precipitating causes of Latin America's recent financial crises, focusing on economic policy and institutional shortcomings (in the fiscal, monetary, banking and exchange-rate areas), as well as on other domestic and external forces that have combined to generate instability in the region's economies and financial markets. We then use specific case studies to go more in depth into particular situations encountered in recent years. By the end of the course, having read and discussed more than 20 articles and 3 books, students gain an in-depth understanding of the financial problems that are being overcome and those that are more structural in nature-and of the major policy implications that follow.
2016
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Financial exclusion in Latin America -- or the social costs of not banking the urban poor
Environment and Urbanization, 2008
This paper summarizes the fi ndings of research in Bogotá, Colombia and Mexico City on the use of fi nancial services by the urban population. The focus is on the majority of persons who have no relation whatever with a formal bank, cooperative or credit union. The paper identifi es the characteristics of those who are "unbanked" and the range of reasons for their exclusion. It also discusses the multiple and considerable costs that this exclusion imposes on the unbanked population, as well as the loss in income that results for formal sector fi nancial institutions. The paper concludes by describing some measures taken to extend fi nancial services to the low-income population, and proposes the importance of linking "fi nancial inclusion" to programmes of urban development and upgrading focused on the poor in developing countries.
II . Banks and the changing nature of risks in Latin America and the Caribbean
2007
The Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region has been more prone to financial crises than other regions of the world (IADB (2004)). This is illustrated by the number of financial crises per country between 1973 and 2004, and the high recurrence of banking crises per country (see Table 2.1). Although banking crises are the ultimate manifestation of a financial system’s vulnerability, they have also revealed themselves in the region through limited, costly and volatile credit to the private sector. This vulnerability results from changes in the banking environment due in large measure to financial innovation and liberalisation. As a result, banking sectors in the region have faced a wide and complex range of new risks.