Psychometric properties of the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) in a French sample of adolescents (original) (raw)
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Trends in Lifetime Cannabis Use among Czech School-aged Children from 2002 to 2014
Central European journal of public health, 2017
The aim of the study was to examine trends in the prevalence of lifetime cannabis use among the Czech 15-year old students. Data from the nationally representative Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Survey, conducted in the Czech Republic in 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2014, were used. Trends in cannabis use among both boys and girls were modelled through binary logistic regression with period as a predictor of the lifetime cannabis use. The prevalence of lifetime cannabis use has significantly decreased among young Czechs, particularly among boys. Gender differences in cannabis use have been also gradually decreasing since 2002, with no significant differences between genders in recent period. Although there are positive changes in the prevalence of adolescent cannabis use, from the European perspective, Czech students still belong to those with significantly higher rates in this respect. Thus, alongside with the use of other substances, adolescent cannabis consumption remains an im...
Economic and cultural correlates of cannabis use among mid‐adolescents in 31 countries
Addiction, 2006
Aims To examine cannabis use among mid-adolescents in 31 countries and associations with per-capita personal consumer expenditure (PCE), unemployment, peer factors and national rates of cannabis use in 1999. Design, participants and measurement Nationally representative, self-report, classroom survey with 22 223 male and 24 900 female 15-year-olds. Country characteristics were derived from publicly available economic databases and previously conducted cross-national surveys on substance use. Findings Cannabis use appears to be normative among mid-adolescents in North America and several countries in Europe. The life-time prevalence of cannabis use was 26% among males and 15% among females and was lowest for males and females in the former Yugoslav Republic (TFYR) of Macedonia: 2.5% and to 2.5%, respectively; and highest for males in Switzerland (49.1%) and in Greenland for females (47.0%). The highest prevalence of frequent cannabis use (more than 40 times in life-time) was seen in Canada for males (14.2%) and in the United States for females (5.5%). Overall, life-time prevalence and frequent use are associated with PCE, perceived availability of cannabis (peer culture) and the presence of communities of older cannabis users (drug climate). Conclusions As PCE increases, cannabis use may be expected to increase and gender differences decease. Cross-national comparable policy measures should be developed and evaluated to examine which harm reduction strategies are most effective.
Alcoologie Et Addictologie, 2007
Dans les 32 pays occidentaux ayant participé à l'enquête Health behaviour in school-aged children (HBSC-2002), menée en milieu scolaire par autoquestionnaire anonyme auprès de 45 848 élèves, de l'ordre de 20 % des jeunes de 15 ans déclarent avoir déjà pris du cannabis, qui est ainsi le troisième psychotrope consommé derrière l'alcool et le tabac. Partout, les garçons consomment plus que les filles. La France se situe parmi les dix pays ayant les plus forts taux à 15 ans (29,8 %). La majorité des usagers enquêtés appartient aux groupes de l'usage expérimental (1-2 fois dans l'année précédente : 7,9 % des jeunes) ou moyen (3-39 fois: 7,3 %) ; ces groupes étant moins représentés en Europe de l'Est, du Nord et du Sud, au profit de la discontinuation (ont essayé, mais pas de consommation dans l'année précédente). L'usage fréquent est plus rare (2,7 %). Après ajustement sur le niveau économique et l'âge, être un garçon, fumer du tabac (surtout fréquemment), boire de l'alcool (surtout fréquemment) et avoir été ivre (surtout plus de deux fois) augmentent significativement et indépendamment la probabilité d'avoir fumé du cannabis au moins une fois dans la vie. Enfin, il existe un lien entre consommation quotidienne de tabac et d'alcool, ivresses fréquentes et passage d'un usage expérimental à un usage plus fréquent. Ainsi, chez les jeunes, les consommations de psychotropes sont rarement isolées, et il semble exister des sous-groupes plus particulièrement à risque qui méritent toute l'attention de la recherche et la prévention.
2007
Dans les 32 pays occidentaux ayant participé à l'enquête Health behaviour in school-aged children (HBSC-2002), menée en milieu scolaire par autoquestionnaire anonyme auprès de 45 848 élèves, de l'ordre de 20 % des jeunes de 15 ans déclarent avoir déjà pris du cannabis, qui est ainsi le troisième psychotrope consommé derrière l'alcool et le tabac. Partout, les garçons consomment plus que les filles. La France se situe parmi les dix pays ayant les plus forts taux à 15 ans (29,8 %). La majorité des usagers enquêtés appartient aux groupes de l'usage expérimental (1-2 fois dans l'année précédente : 7,9 % des jeunes) ou moyen (3-39 fois: 7,3 %) ; ces groupes étant moins représentés en Europe de l'Est, du Nord et du Sud, au profit de la discontinuation (ont essayé, mais pas de consommation dans l'année précédente). L'usage fréquent est plus rare (2,7 %). Après ajustement sur le niveau économique et l'âge, être un garçon, fumer du tabac (surtout fréquemment), boire de l'alcool (surtout fréquemment) et avoir été ivre (surtout plus de deux fois) augmentent significativement et indépendamment la probabilité d'avoir fumé du cannabis au moins une fois dans la vie. Enfin, il existe un lien entre consommation quotidienne de tabac et d'alcool, ivresses fréquentes et passage d'un usage expérimental à un usage plus fréquent. Ainsi, chez les jeunes, les consommations de psychotropes sont rarement isolées, et il semble exister des sous-groupes plus particulièrement à risque qui méritent toute l'attention de la recherche et la prévention.
Central European journal of public health, 2017
Cannabis control legislation ranks among key measures to prevent social-health impacts of its use. The article qualitatively analyses respective legislation in the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary (Visegrad Four, V4) considering level of decriminalisation of cannabis use in relation to current epidemiological situation. Qualitative analysis of the cannabis control legislation in V4 countries from 1995 to 2016 focusing on criminal liability, differentiation of cannabis from other illicit substances, definition of a small amount intended for personal use, sentences for possessing and dealership of the drug. Results: Slovakia, Hungary and Poland share similar restrictive legislative approach throughout the studied period. In the Czech Republic, the situation has been different and since 2010 cannabis has been further decriminalised: possession of defined small amount of drug not being under prosecution and milder sentences for cannabis than for other illicit psychoactive s...
A pattern of alcohol consumption among marijuana users in the adult population of the city of Gdańsk
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society, 2020
Alcohol and marijuana are the most commonly used psychoactive substances both in Europe and Poland. In the last four years the proportion of marijuana users in the adult population of Gdańsk has almost doubled: from 7.1% in 2015 to 14.1% in 2019. The surveys concerning the consumption of alcohol conducted every four years since 2007 indicate a significant fact: the proportion of people who drink is decreasing. However, this does not mean that they drink less or less often. A question elaborated in this article is whether marijuana users consume more or less alcohol than non-users. This article is based on the data collected in a questionnaire survey on alcohol and other psychoactive substance use conducted in Gdańsk in the autumn of 2019 on a representative sample of 1,004 adult residents of the city.
Cannabis Use among People Entering Drug Treatment in Europe: A Growing Phenomenon?
European Addiction Research
This paper explores European and national trends in specialised drug treatment entry for cannabis-related problems. The analysis is based on data for the years 2003-2014 from 22 European countries. Between 2003 and 2014, the overall number and proportion of primary cannabis-related firsttime entrants increased significantly. A joinpoint regression analysis indicates that the overall increase of cannabis treatment entries is continuous, although country-related differences are observed. Possible explanations for the increase and different time trends are discussed including an increase in cannabis prevalence and cannabis-related problems, changes in risk perception, increases in cannabis potency, changes in referral practices and increased availability and accessibility of treatment services.