Transfer of 137Cs from soil to vegetative crops (original) (raw)
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Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
The aim of this study was to determine the activity concentrations of naturally occurring radioisotopes 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in 14 soil samples collected in the Skopje city surrounding, and to calculate the corresponding absorbed gamma dose rates. The radionuclides were measured applying a high purity Ge detector gamma-ray spectrometer with relative efficiency of 30 % at 1.33 MeV. The activity concentrations found in 14 soil samples varied in the range 24.1-41.9 Bq kg-1for 226Ra, 38.5-52.2 Bq kg-1 for 232Th, and 502-707 Bq kg-1 for40K. The mean radium equivalent (Raeq), for the area under investigation, was 143±16 Bq kg-1, while the outdoor radiation hazard index (Hex) was 0.39. The total absorbed dose rate due to three primordial radionuclides investigated lay in the range 55.3 - 79.0 nGy h-1 with mean value of 68.1±7.7 nGy h-1, yielding a total annual effective dose of (83.5±9.5) µSv y-1. The assessed radiological factors were lower than the recommended values, indicating low radi...
Journal of environmental radioactivity, 2016
Transfer factors of natural radionuclides and (137)Cs from soil to plants used in traditional medicine were determined. The transfer factors (TF) were calculated as Bq kg(-1) of dry plant per Bq kg(-1) of dry soil. Mass activity concentrations of (226)Ra, (232)Th, (40)K and (137)Cs in soil and plant samples were measured with high purity germanium detector (HPGe). The concentrations of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined, as well as the cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the content of exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na). Wide ranges of values were obtained for all the metals, especially for Cr and Ni. The Absalom model was used for determination of the amount of (137)Cs transferred from soil to plant based on soil characteristics such as pH, exchangeable potassium, humus and clay contents. The estimated transfer factors were in the range from 0.011 to 0.307 with an arithmetic mean of 0.071, median of 0.050, geometric mean of 0.053 and geometric standard deviation (GS...
2020
Assurance of naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in soil and vegetable samples were determined from tests gathered from Zuway (Batu) area, Ethiopia. The territory where the agriculture industry discharges synthetic to the lake and this water can be utilized by farmers for water system reason and the means to investigate the degree of natural radioactivity in soil and vegetables and its transfer from soil to vegetables by using a sodium iodide NaI(TI) detectors. The activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in soil tests were 109.06±0.027 to 157.88±0.025Bq kg/1 (normal =131.64Bkg/1), 9.03±0.009 to 14.49±0.006 Bqkg/1 (normal =10.4 Bqkg/1) and 14.55±0.004 to 34.98±0.017Bq kg/1 (normal =26.44Bqkg/1), individually. In vegetable samples (onion and cabbage) from similar areas, the radioactivity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were 76.7±0.025 to 183.45±0.025Bq kg–1 (normal =143.39Bq kg–1), 17.7±0.008 to 33.95±0.006 Bq kg–1 (normal = 24.58Bq kg–1) and 18.66±0.0...
This work aims to determine the transfer factors (TFs) of 40K, 226Ra and 232Th from soil to vegetables, because there are few surveys of them in Iraq. The samples were taken from three important agricultural areas supplying the vegetable products needed by the Iraqi population. Using NaI(Tl) technique, the average values of TFs of the above radioactive isotopes were found to be 0.60, 0.41, 0.59 and 0.05, 0.03, 0.05 from soil to dry and fresh samples, respectively. The radiation hazard indices and the total annual dose were found to be within the range of the world values.
Mechanical Engieneering-Scientific Journal, 2020
Concentration of natural radionuclides in soil and plants are crucial parameters for defining the level of contamination of the environment. The samples for analysis were collected from the 14 localities of the surrounding of Skopje, of cultivated and uncultivated soil. The specific activity of radionuclides 232 Th, 226 Ra and 40 K are determined by gamma spectrometry. The analysis results show that the mean value of 232 Th specific activity in cultivated soil was 43.74 ± 4.99 Bq•kg-1 , while in uncultivated soil it was 35.70 ± 5.65 Bq•kg-1. The 226 Ra specific activity had a mean value of 34.09 ± 6.53 Bq•kg-1 and 28.30 ± 5.54 Bq•kg-1 in cultivated and uncultivated soil, respectively. The specific activity of 40 К from all localities was higher than the one of 232 Th and 226 Ra, and in cultivated soil the mean value was 608.12 ± 70.43 Bq•kg-1 , while in uncultivated soil it was 506.54 ± 59.96 Bq•kg-1. From the same locations corn samples were also collected for analysis. Concentration of natural radionuclides in corn is lower then referent values. From the results ttransfer factor (TF) of natural radionuclides from soil to corn was calculated.
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2011
The analysis of gamma emitters natural radionuclides, i.e., 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K, has been carried out in soil, vegetation, vegetable, and water samples collected from some Northern area of Pakistan, using gamma-ray spectrometry. The γ-ray spectrometry was carried out using high-purity Germanium detector coupled with a computer-based high-resolution multi-channel analyzer. The activity concentrations in soil ranges from 24.7 to 78.5 Bq kg −1 , 21.7 to 75.3 Bqkg −1 , and 298.5 to 570.8 Bq kg −1 for 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K with the mean value of 42.1, 43.3, 9.5, and 418.3 Bqkg −1 , respectively. In the present analysis, 40 K was the major radionuclide present in soil, vegetation, fruit, and vegetable samples. The concentration of 40 K in vegetation sample varied from 646.6 to 869.6 Bqkg −1 on dry weight basis. However, the concentration of 40 K in fruit and vegetable samples varied from 34.0 to 123.3 Bqkg −1 on fresh weight basis. In vegetation samples, along with 40 K, 226 Ra, and 232 Th were also present in small amount. The transfer factors of these radionuclides from soil to vegetation, fruit, and vegetable were also studied. The transfer factors were found in the order: 40 K> 232 Th≈ 226 Ra. The analysis of water samples showed activity concentrations values for all radionuclides below detection limit. The internal and external hazard indices were measured and found less than the safe limit of unity. The mean value of outdoor and indoor absorbed dose rate in air was found 64.61 and 77.54 nGyh −1 , respectively. The activity concentrations of radionuclides found in all samples during the current investigation were nominal. Therefore, they are not associated with any potential source of health hazard to the general public.
Risk assessment resulting from radionuclides in soils of the Republic of Macedonia
2019
In the last decade, many studies have been made for measuring natural radioactivity in regions of the Republic of Macedonia. However, the information on terrestrial radiation exposure, and, consequently, risk assessment were not available. In this study, a risk assessment was done considering a specific activity concentration of 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 K and 137 Cs in the topsoil. The results indicate that the external gamma doses due to natural radionuclides in soils are higher than those of 137 Cs. The absorbed dose rate in air varies in intervals: from 4.3 to 57 nGy/h (due to 226 Ra); from 3.9 to 88 nGy/h (due to 232 Th); from 3.3 to 58 nGy/h (due to 40 K); and from 0.01 to 5.3 nGy/h (due to 137 Cs). In addition, the mean annual effective doses due to natural radionuclides and 137 Cs in the soils of the Republic of Macedonia are estimated to be 78 μSv and 1.01 μSv, respectively. As well as, the values of external hazard index Hex indicate in general low gamma radiation risk for populations living in the Republic of Macedonia.
Radiological hazards of 137Cs in cultivated and undisturbed areas
Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection, 2011
The exposure of human beings to ionizing radiation from 137Cs is a continuing and inescapable feature of life on Earth. Artificial radio nuclides are widely distributed in various geological formations and ecosystems such as rock, soil, groundwater, and foodstuffs. In the presents study, the distribution of 137Cs was measured in soil samples collected from different lithological units of the Rudovci, Lazarevac, Serbia. Analysis of the vertical soil profiles indicated that the activity of 137Cs was not extremely changed with depth. The activity concentrations of the 137Cs in measured soil samples ranged from below minimal detectable concentrations up to 38.1 Bq/kg. In order to evaluate the radiological hazards due to 137Cs in the samples, the absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose were calculated in accordance with recommendations given in the UNSCEAR 2000 report. The distribution of radionuclides depends upon the rock composition, chemical and physical properties of the so...
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2018
Selected natural radionuclides from the uranium decay chain were determined in radish, savoy and rocket grown in uranium mill tailing contaminated growth substrates. The data obtained were used in calculation of dose assessment. Based on the results obtained for activity concentrations of four radionuclides (238 U, 230 Th, 226 Ra and 210 Pb) in vegetables, cultivated in contaminated soil, the committed effective doses, along with the maximum values for adults, were estimated. Statistical analyses of linear correlation among calculated annual effective ingestion dose and uranium mill tailings showed to be highly significant.