Protest and Policing in China (original) (raw)

Abstract

The Olympic torch relay and the surrounding controversy have given Beijing a taste of what is to come with the Olympics. The real challenges still looming ahead for the Chinese government range from terrorist attacks, disruptions to the Games caused by security breakdowns, to a showdown between peaceful protestors and Chinese police.

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References (26)

  1. The term "mass protest" (quntixing shijian) includes demonstrations, protests, marches, sit-ins, strikes, group petitions, rallies, seizures or assaults against government and party agencies or important buildings, traffic-blocking, mobbing, riots, vandalizing and inter-ethnic strife because of unemployment, unfair treat- ment of farmers, resettlement, human rights, government corruptions, organized crimes and rumors.
  2. Yu Jianrong, "Social Conflict in Rural China", China Security, Vol. 3 No. 2, Spring 2007.
  3. Wang Xinxian, Center for China Studies, National Chengchi University, see http://ics.nccu.edu.tw/docu- ment/newsletter/13_03.pdf.
  4. In the Hanyuan Incident of October 2004, which took place in Sichuan Province, an alleged 100,000 -150,000 Hanyuan residents, displaced because of the construction of power stations and not properly compensated by a corrupt local government, initiated mass protests to seek redress.
  5. Yu Debao, "Characteristics and Causes of Current Mass Protests," China Party and Government Officials Forum, June 2006.
  6. Ibid.
  7. Zhang Yi, "Understanding Confidence Crisis in Rural Mass Protests," China Rural Studies, see http://www. sannong.gov.cn/njlt/gnwz/200503300577.htm
  8. Ibid.
  9. 9 Zheng Dabin, Feng Haidong and Feng Feihu, "Characteristics of Internet Mass Protests and Countermea- sures Government Shall Take," Internet Construction, Mar. 6, 2007.
  10. Adam Hwang, "China Mobile Phone User Base Tops 574 million in March 2008," DigiTimes, May 5, 2008, http://www.intomobile.com/2008/05/05/china-mobile-phone-user-base-hits-574-million-in-march-2008\. html.
  11. Jamil Anderlini, "Losing the Countryside: a Restive Peasantry calls on Beijing for Land Rights," Financial Times, Feb. 19, 2008. 12 Personal interview with anonymous contact from Ministry of Public Security.
  12. Li Suming, "Flash Mob Action and Mass Incidents", Study of Public Security, Issue No. 6, 2005.
  13. 14 Zhang Yuejin, "Legal Management of Illegal Gathering, Protest and Demonstration Activities," Journal of Jiangsu Police Officer College, Vol. 17, No. 1, September 2003; Wang Gengen and Zhao Ning, "Concepts and Progress of Handling Mass Protests in Major Cities by Law," Journal of Shanghai Police College, Vol. 16, No. 5, October 2006. 15 During the Hunan Daolin Incident, an ambulance wasn't deployed when the police fired tear gas. How- ever, one tear gas explosion was delayed because of a quality problem, resulting in one severe injury and later death from massive blood loss. Yang Hongguang, "Handling of Mass Security Incidents," Journal of Hunan Public Security Advanced College, Vol. 1, No. 9, 2002.
  14. Wan Chuan, "A Review of the Study of Mass Events and a Look to the Future," Journal of Beijing People's Police College, Issue 2, March 2005.
  15. Wang Junsheng, "Correctly Understand 'Three Restraints' To Handle Mass Protests Wisely," Study of Public Security, Issue 3, 2005.
  16. Edward Cody, "Chinese Police Kill Villagers During Two-Day Land Protest," Washington Post, Dec. 9, 2005. 19 Website of Ministry of Public Security, Feb 23, 2006, http://www.tibet.net/en/diir/pubs/wp/hod01/ content.html.
  17. Ibid.
  18. Jiang Lishan, "Conflicts Rising," China Elections Website, see http://www.chinaelections.com/News- Info.asp?NewsID-95319.
  19. Wei Xinwen and Gao Feng, "Dilemma and Solution of Handling Mass Protests," Central Party School News, Issue 1, 2007.
  20. Zhao Dingxin, "Populism, New Direction of China's Confrontational Politics," Leaders, Issue 2, 2007.
  21. 24 For example, college graduates occupy 89 percent of Taizhou policemen and university graduates 34 per- cent, while the figure was only 56 percent and 10 pecent five years ago. Shao Xianfu, "Proposals for Building New-Type Police PR Relationship," Taizhou Social Science, Issue 1, 2007.
  22. Ding Zhaowei, "How many monitoring cameras does a city need?" China Public Security, Issue 9, 2007.
  23. 26 Internet policemen in Beijing received 10,893 cases in four months, among which 5,311 cases were il- legal messages, 4,647 Internet frauds, 400 pornographies, 221 virus attacks, and 291 harmful messages. Chen Yali China Security Vol. 4 No. 2 Spring 2008 "Chinese Internet Police on High Alert," Outlook News Weekly, Feb 22, 2008. 27 "Chinese Worker's Union Seeking Changes,",Outlook Oriental Weekly, Sept. 6, 2006. 28 Personal interviews with college students.
  24. 29 Mary Hennock and Melinda Liu, "This Watch Won't End," Newsweek, Feb. 18, 2008.
  25. "China acknowledges tightened visa procedures ahead of Olympics," Associated Press, May 6, 2008.
  26. Jonathan Watts, "China takes tough line on Olympics protests," The Guardian, Nov. 2, 2007; Shi Shan, "Protests and Demonstrations Need to Be Approved in Advance," RFA, Mar. 14, 2008.