ENERGY EFFICIENT LOAD BALANCED ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS (original) (raw)
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A Survey on an Energy-Efficient and Energy-Balanced Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Sensors
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) form an important part of industrial application. There has been growing interest in the potential use of WSNs in applications such as environment monitoring, disaster management, health care monitoring, intelligence surveillance and defence reconnaissance. In these applications, the sensor nodes (SNs) are envisaged to be deployed in sizeable numbers in an outlying area, and it is quite difficult to replace these SNs after complete deployment in many scenarios. Therefore, as SNs are predominantly battery powered devices, the energy consumption of the nodes must be properly managed in order to prolong the network lifetime and functionality to a rational time. Different energy-efficient and energy-balanced routing protocols have been proposed in literature over the years. The energy-efficient routing protocols strive to increase the network lifetime by minimizing the energy consumption in each SN. On the other hand, the energy-balanced routing protocols protract the network lifetime by uniformly balancing the energy consumption among the nodes in the network. There have been various survey papers put forward by researchers to review the performance and classify the different energy-efficient routing protocols for WSNs. However, there seems to be no clear survey emphasizing the importance, concepts, and principles of load-balanced energy routing protocols for WSNs. In this paper, we provide a clear picture of both the energy-efficient and energy-balanced routing protocols for WSNs. More importantly, this paper presents an extensive survey of the different state-of-the-art energy-efficient and energy-balanced routing protocols. A taxonomy is introduced in this paper to classify the surveyed energy-efficient and energy-balanced routing protocols based on their proposed mode of communication towards the base station (BS). In addition, we classified these routing protocols based on the solution types or algorithms, and the input decision variables defined in the routing algorithm. The strengths and weaknesses of the choice of the decision variables used in the design of these energy-efficient and energy-balanced routing protocols are emphasised. Finally, we suggest possible research directions in order to optimize the energy consumption in sensor networks.
A Review on Energy-Balanced Routing Method for Wireless Sensor Network
2015
Wireless sensor networks are an emerging technology for monitoring physical world. The energy constraint of Wireless sensor networks makes energy saving and Prolonging the network lifetime become the most important goals of various routing protocols. Clustering is a key technique used to extend the lifetime of a sensor network by reducing energy consumption. Also putting few nodes in wireless sensor network is an effective way to increase the network lifetime and stability. The energy saving schemes for homogeneous wireless sensor networks do not perform efficiently when applied to heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. Thus, Energy efficient clustering protocols should be designed for the characteristic of each wireless sensor networks. This paper surveys different energy efficient clustering protocols for wireless sensor networks.
The quick growths in the network multimedia equipment have allowed real-time digital services such as video conferencing, games and distance education to grow on the conventional internet tasks. The Wireless Senor Network (WSN) has become a major area of research in the computational theory due to its wide range of applications. WSN is an emerging technology which is made up of thousands of low cost and low battery powered sensor nodes which are highly distributed with sensing, processing and communication characteristics. The sensor nodes have a limited battery power, and the battery replacement is not easy for WSN with thousands of nodes which makes the lifetime of WSN crucial. Protocols such as LEACH, HEED, PEGASIS, TBC and PEDAP are proposed in order to overcome the problems faced by the WSN networks. The GSTEB protocol improves the lifetime by 100% as compared with HEED. In this research work, a novel tree based routing protocol is proposed which constructs a routing tree using a process for each round, Base Station BS selects a root node and informs this selection to remaining sensor nodes in its vicinity. Subsequently, each node selects its parents by considering information of itself and its neighbor's information, thus making a dynamic protocol.
A Survey on Power Aware Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless sensor networks have various applications in both military areas and resident. It recently received great attention from both industry and academic world. In particular, sensor nodes in the sensor network are usually battery-powered and very energy-constrained. So the main challenge of this sensor network is energy efficiency. Sensor networks are deployed in cruel physical environments where it is very difficult to replace the individual nodes or their batteries. Therefore, the maintenance of the consumed energy plays an important role in the design of a new routing protocol in order to increase the durability of the network. Thus energy-saving power aware routing protocol in wireless sensor networks is necessary for growing the network lifetime. In this paper, analysis of different power aware routing algorithms has been added.
Design and Performance Analysis of Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are communication networks, which integrate sensor techniques, embedded techniques and distributed information processing techniques. One of the issues in smart sensor networks is achieving energy efficient operation because of the limited available power. In many biomedical applications, the locations of sensor nodes are fixed and the placement can be predetermined. In this paper, the Directional Source Aware Protocol (DSAP) is described along with the principle and a new Energy Efficient DSAP is proposed to minimize the usage of available energy or power in sensor nodes. A few extra bits are transmitted in the header to inform all the neighbors about next immediate receiver, which is the future source for the next transmission. Energy efficiency is achieved by keeping the neighbors of transmitting node in sleep mode and the intended receiver on.In this work different routes and topologies are considered. The energy consumed by the nodes and the lifetime of the network are analyzed.
Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks [J]
2008
Sensors are regarded as significant components of electronic devices. In most applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), important and critical information must be delivered to the sink in a multi-hop and energy-efficient manner. Inasmuch as the energy of sensor nodes is limited, prolonging network lifetime in WSNs is considered to be a critical issue. In order to extend the network lifetime, researchers should consider energy consumption in routing protocols of WSNs. In this paper, a new energy-efficient routing protocol (EERP) has been proposed for WSNs using A-star algorithm. The proposed routing scheme improves the network lifetime by forwarding data packets via the optimal shortest path. The optimal path can be discovered with regard to the maximum residual energy of the next hop sensor node, high link quality, buffer occupancy and minimum hop counts. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme improves network lifetime in comparison with A-star and fuzzy logic(A&F) protocol.
Energy aware routing for wireless sensor networks
… 2005. Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium …, 2005
Self organizing, wireless sensors networks are an emergent and challenging technology that is attracting large attention in the sensing and monitoring community. Impressive progress has been done in recent years even if we need to assume that an optimal protocol for every kind of sensor network applications cannot exist. The energy constraint sensor nodes in sensors networks operate on limited batteries, so it is a very important issue to use energy efficiently and reduce power consumption. Many routing protocols have been proposed among these protocols, the adaptive routing protocols are very attractive because they have low routing overhead. As a result, the routes tend to have the shortest hop count and contain weak links, which usually provide low performance and are susceptible to breaks. In this paper we introduce an adaptive routing protocol called energy aware routing that is intended to provide a reliable transmission environment with low energy consumption. This protocol efficiently utilizes the energy availability and the received signal strength of the nodes to identify the best possible route to the destination. Simulation results show that the energy aware routing scheme achieves much higher performance than the classical routing protocols, even in the presence of high node density and overcomes simultaneous packet forwarding.
MAP : A Balanced Energy Consumption Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Journal of Information Processing Systems, 2010
Network lifetime is a critical issue in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In which, a large number of sensor nodes communicate together to perform a predetermined sensing task. In such networks, the network life time depends mainly on the lifetime of the sensor nodes constituting the network. Therefore, it is essential to balance the energy consumption among all sensor nodes to ensure the network connectivity. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient data routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. Contrary to the protocol proposed in [6], that always selects the path with minimum hop count to the base station, our proposed routing protocol may choose a longer path that will provide better distribution of the energy consumption among the sensor nodes. Simulation results indicate clearly that compared to the routing protocol proposed in [6], our proposed protocol evenly distributes the energy consumption among the network nodes thus maximizing the network life time.
Address-light and energy aware routing protocol for wireless sensor network
TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control, 2019
In recent years, sensor networks applications were used in many criteria. Because of its vast applications, so many researchers studied these networks. Wireless sensor networks contain significant number of sensor nodes; they are suitable medium for collecting and sending data or informing the sink about an event. This study presents a new integrated method for routing in sensor networks which is based on remaining energy of the nodes and existing space between each node and the sink. This method is more suitable for large and medium volume of data. Lifetime enhancement of the network is the main purpose of this method which is obtained by fair division of nodes roles in transmission of data to the sink. In ALERP algorithm (Address Light, Label-Based and Energy-Aware Routing Protocol), in order to reduce network overload and energy consuming as well as enhancement of network lifetime, we used predetermined routes as well as routing based on packet labels. Energy consumption in the entire network is another advantage of this method. The existence of various parameters on this algorithm will lead to more flexibility of it. Generally, conducted simulations indicate higher uniformity in energy consumption of nodes.