Eliciting Managers' Personal Values: An Adaptation of the Laddering Interview Method (original) (raw)

Digging Deeper: the Laddering Interview, a Tool for Surfacing Values

Journal of Management Education, 2007

Personally held values play a fundamental role in business. As such, it is critical that students understand the nature of values pertaining to the workplace. Using an innovative classroom exercise, laddering, business students interview individuals to identify values that influence choices. Objectives are to help students understand the role of personal values in decision making, develop the ability to respond effectively to workplace demands, respect diverse perspectives, and achieve a better understanding of their own values. Measures used to assess these learning objectives revealed that many students gained valuable insights. After participating in the exercise, students wrote passages in which they articulated how their values affected their decision-making behavior, described in detail how the exercise improved their improvisational skills, and helped them gain respect for others' viewpoints. Furthermore, a quantitative survey provided evidence that students may have experienced a greater understanding of their own values after participating in the exercise.

Individual values in organizations: Concepts, controversies, and research

Journal of Management, 1998

The values of managers and employees in organizations are phenomena that have captured the interest of researchers, practitioners, social critics, and the public at large. Despite this attention, there continues to be a conspicuous lack of agreement on what values are and how they influence individuals. In this article we discuss how values have been defined and conceptualized. Focusing on values as desirable modes of behavior, we describe how they affect individuals in organizations and discuss some of the salient controversies that characterize contemporary research on values. Finally, we report on a comprehensive review of the most recent literature in this area. Direct all correspondence to: Bruce M. Meglino, The Darla Moore

Personal values at work

Journal of General Management

The purpose of this behavioural strategy study is to investigate how seasoned executives enact their personal values in real-life organizational decision-making. The significance of this article is linking the personal values of executives with actual leadership decisions they made. In focus groups, strategic leaders with an Outer Directed (OD) or Inner Directed (ID) values orientation were prompted to reflect on their decisions at work. Analysis of the coded transcripts revealed the four independent raters, reliably categorized coding events, according to a Maslovian coding framework, r = 0.81 for ID transcripts and r = 0.76 for OD transcripts. Further statistical analysis found significant differences between executives’ values orientation (ID or OD) and values decisions (ID or OD), demonstrating a consistent pattern of ID and OD decision-making. Qualitative analyses revealed that ID participants’ decisions were based on innovation, intrinsic value and interdependency, while OD pa...

Value of Values for Practicing Managers and Leaders

Sydney Business School Papers, 2011

The aim of this article is to increase the awareness of and practical knowledge about values and their impact on management practices and behavioral and performance outcomes in organizations. It explores the meaning of values by using "preferences and priorities" and by differentiating values from other closely related concepts such as ethics, attitudes,needs, and morals. It also highlights some important evolving value patterns pertaining to customers, organizations,and employees belongs to three generations: Boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y. Another interesting aspect of the article is the exploration of evidence with regard to impact of values as an independent, moderator, and dependent variable on management practices and employee's behavior and performance. This review is supported by the fact that how the knowledge about degree of intensity and relative importance of value orientations can be used by managers and decision-makers. The discussion of implications of values for practicing managers is also supplemented by the arguments that "values can be modified" and "values should not always be in mesh in organizations". The article concludes by presenting numbers of sayings made by leaders and managers highlighting value of values in their personal and work life.

ENACTING CORPORATE VALUES: THE ROLE OF SENIOR MANAGERS' PERSONAL VALUE PRIORITIES

2000

This paper takes values and organizational identity as a basis for investigating the relationship between senior managers' personal values and their interpretation of their organization's corporate values, from which we develop propositions concerning the relationship between individual and corporate values at senior management level. Twenty-two senior managers from two large organizations were interviewed in order to elicit their personal values and explore their interpretations of corporate values.

Understanding Research on Values in BusinessA Level of Analysis Framework

Business & Society, 1999

Researchers in all management specialties have discussed and investigated the important role values play in personal and organizational phenomena. However, because research on values has been performed in a wide range of social science disciplines and at different levels of analysis, much of this work has been uninformed by other work and is neither well integrated nor systematized, resulting in a great deal of confusion concerning the topic. This article attempts to add order and clarity to this area of research by proposing a framework of values research based on level of analysis and by cataloguing and reviewing the vast theoretical and empirical research in light of this framework. It concludes with a critique of the extant literature and recommendations for further research. 326

Setting the Foundations for Theoretical Progress toward Understanding the Role of Values in Organisational Behaviour: Commentary on “Values at Work: The Impact of Personal Values in Organisations” by Arieli, Sagiv, and Roccas

Applied Psychology, 2019

Arieli, Sagiv, and Roccas's lead article provides a timely and important review of the role of individual values and their role in organizations. At the same time as identifying several key areas of progress, the review identifies significant gaps. In this commentary, we focus on additional gaps that merit attention. In particular, we highlight a need for greater theoretical clarity in the literature about the concrete ways in which values are instantiated in different organizational contexts, roles, and cultural settings. We argue that the growing importance of values in studies of organizational

Researching Values in Organisations and Leadership

Researching Values, 2022

Values are essential to understand but difficult to define. As any set of acts in everyday work is value-driven (Askeland et al., 2020), values can be understood as ‘that which is worth having, doing, and being (i.e., normative goods or “ends”)’ (Selznick, 1992, p. 60). However, if you ask organisational members to define their values or elaborate on their organisation’s values, they often have problems answering. If you ask them to define the values that are important to them on a personal level, their answers will most likely be quite divergent and not necessarily reflect their employer’s official core values.

Values at Work: The Impact of Personal Values in Organisations

Applied Psychology, 2018

This paper reviews and integrates past research on personal values in work organizations, seeking to portray the role personal values play in shaping the choices and behavior of individuals in work settings. We start by addressing the role of values in the occupational choice people make. We then review research on the relationships of personal values to a variety of behaviors at work. We continue with discussing the multiple paths through which managers' values affect the organizations and its members. In the last section, we address the interplay between organizational levels, and discuss the congruency between personal and organizational values and its implications for organizations and their employees. Together, the research reviewed indicates how the broadness and stability of values make them an important predictor of behavior at various levels of the organization. We end by discussing directions for future research on values in organizations.

VALUES AT ORGANIZATION

;-People's personal values in organizations are phenomenon that have captured the interest of academic researchers in organizational and business studies, psychologists, practitioners, and social scientist. Despite of many research and considerations there are many still different opinion on what values are, how values are perceived at workplace, and more importantly what actual roles of people's personal values are in the ways they think, feel, and act in the work place. The main objective of this study is to conduct a study for the topic-VALUES