FDTD Algorithm for Microstrip Antennas with Lossy Substrates Using Higher Order Schemes (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2019
In this paper, we propose the simulation of 2-dimensional electromagnetic wave radiation using high-order discontinuous Galerkin time domain method to solve Maxwell's equations. The domains are discretized into unstructured straight-sided triangle elements that allow enhanced flexibility when dealing with complex geometries. The electric and magnetic fields are expanded into a high-order polynomial spectral approximation over each triangle element. The field conservation between the elements is enforced using central difference flux calculation at element interfaces. Perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary condition is used to absorb the waves that leave the domain. The comparison of numerical calculations is performed by the graphical displays and numerical data of radiation phenomenon and presented particularly with the results of the FDTD method. Finally, our simulations show that the proposed method can handle simulation of electromagnetic radiation with complex geometries easily. 1. INTRODUCTION To date, electromagnetic (EM) phenomena play a crucial role in any aspect of human life. The modern lifestyle has become a source of omnipresent electromagnetic since the used devices generate electromagnetic fields and produce electromagnetic radiation. Television and mobile phone are the good example devices used daily. Furthermore, there are many instances in the real word, which reflect the electromagnetic (EM) phenomena, such as the radiation of microwave [1], laser [2], lightning [3], etc. Shortly, we cannot leave the EM from our life; therefore, EM simulation has been developed by many scientists to figure out any real-world phenomena. Currently, many scholars have developed research on the numerical simulation of EM, due to the performance of the digital computer is increased significantly but the price is decreased. Thus, the numerical simulation of EM will be more attractive than both experimental and analytical methods since the cost is reduced. Furthermore, the research is aimed to improve the performance of the method concerning both efficiency problems, primarily when the method should deal with the complex problems [4]. It should also be noted that the numerical method is aimed to solve the problem of EM by using Maxwell's equations as the governing equations. In the beginning, the numerical simulation in EM is performed in the frequency domain [5], [6]. The equation, which is established in the frequency domain, is resulted from the transformation of the time domain equation. As a result, the method is simple however the solution is limited on calculation one frequency at a time. So, it can not be used for broadband frequency analysis. Regarding the limitation, Yee [7] proposed finite difference time domain method (FDTD) to solve Maxwell's equations in the time
2000 5th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation, and EM Theory. ISAPE 2000 (IEEE Cat. No.00EX417), 2000
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