Variance component analysis of plant architectural traits and fruit yield in melon (Cucumis melo L.) (original) (raw)
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Generation means analysis of plant architectural traits and fruit yield in melon
Unique architectural phenotypes have the potential for increasing yield in commercial melon (Cucumis melo L.). Therefore, a generation means analysis was conducted to investigate the inheritance of architectural traits (days to anthesis, primary branch number, fruit number and weight, and average weight per fruit). Progeny () from a cross between US Department of Agriculture (USDA) line, USDA 846-1 (P 1 ) and ÔTopMarkÕ (P 2 ) were evaluated at Arlington (AR) and Hancock (HCK), Wisconsin in 2001. Significant (P £ 0.05) environment effects and genotype · environment interactions (G · E) analyses necessitated analysis by location. Significant differences (P £ 0.05) among parents and generations were observed for all traits, and the two parental lines differed significantly for primary branch number, fruit number and average weight per fruit. Additive gene effects were most important in governing primary branch number and fruit number per plant, while dominance and epistatic genetic effects mainly controlled days to anthesis, fruit weight per plant and average weight per fruit. Narrowsense heritabilities were 0.62 (AR) for days to anthesis, 0.71 (AR) and 0.76 (HCK) for primary branch number, 0.68 (AR) and 0.70 (HCK) for fruit weight per plant, 0.33 (AR) and 0.45 (HCK) for fruit weight per plant, and 0.06 (AR) and 0.79 (HCK) for average weight per fruit. Estimations of the least number of effective factors for primary branch number were relatively consistent at both AR (approx. 4) and HCK (approx. 2). Results suggest that introgression of yield-related genes from highly branched melon types (e.g. USDA 846-1) into US Western Shipping germplasm may aid in the development of high-yielding cultivars with concentrated fruit set suitable for machine and/or handharvesting operations.
Diallel cross analysis for maturity and yield-related traits in melon ( Cucumis melo L
Euphytica, 2009
A complete diallel cross study of six local populations of Iranian melon (Eyvanaki, Abasali, Tashkandi, Hose-sorkh, Mashhadi and Nahavand) and one foreign cultivar (Ananasi) was carried out. We investigated maturity, average weight per fruit, yield and acceptable yield in the pruning conditions over a period of two planting seasons. The analysis of variance for all of the characteristics indicated highly significant differences among genotypes. Additive gene effects were most important with respect to average weight per fruit and yield, while genetic dominance effects mainly controlled fruit maturity and acceptable yield. The reciprocal effects were significant for yield, acceptable yield and fruit maturity. Nahavand and Tashkandi had significant positive general combining ability effects for yield and acceptable yield. Favourable heterosis over the better parent was found for average weight per fruit, yield and acceptable yield. Thus, there is the potential to generate superior cultivars in segregant generation and hybrid production.
A B S T R A C T Canonical correlation analysis (CCA), factor analysis and simple correlation analysis were used to estimate relationships between plant characters [X set-days number for flowering, fruit formation, fruit maturity, harvesting, number of seeds per fruit, thousand seeds weight, seed length, seed width, plant length], and yield components [Y set-fruit weight (F.WE), fruit length(F.L), fruit width (F.WI) and number of fruits per plant (N.F.P)] of 41 native melons (Ghandak) collected from the Sistan region in the south eastern of Iran. The results of the canonical analysis showed that a high canonical correlation is observed between yield components and plant characters in first pairs of canonical variables (0.78). The findings obtained from the CCA indicate that fruit width (F.WI) had the largest contribution for the explanatory capacity of canonical variables estimated from yield components of the melon population. Thousand seeds weight and number of days to fruit formation had the largest contribution to explain the canonical variables estimated from X-set when compared to other characters. The correlation coefficient analysis indicated that number of days to fruit ripening had the most significant positive effect on fruit length. Factor analysis results revealed that six factors could explain approximately 77% of total variation; those factors were strongly influenced by number of seed per fruit, thousands seed weight, fruit width, number of days to flowering, fruit length, number of days to fruit ripening and seed width.
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 1999
Cucumis melo L. (melon) genotypes differ widely in morphological and biochemical traits. Intra-specific classification of such variability has been difficult, and most taxonomists still rely on the work of NAUDIN (1859). A collection of 54 accessions representing diverse genotypes from 23 countries was surveyed. Morphological traits related to the vegetative and flowering stages and mature fruit morphology and quality parameters, e.g., taste, aroma, sugar composition and pH, were scored. These were used to construct a "botanical-morphological" dendrogram that generally reflected the classification of Cucumis melo into several horticultural varieties. DNA polymorphism among the accessions was assessed using the Inter-SSR-PCR and RAPD techniques that detected abundant DNA polymorphism among melon genotypes. Cluster analysis indicated that the largest divergence was between North American and European cantalupensis and inodorus cultivars as one group, and the more "exotic" varieties: conomon, chito, dudaim, agrestis and momordica, as a second group. The molecular phylogeny agreed, broadly, with the classification of melon into two subspecies, and did not contradict the division into "horticultural varieties". It was apparent, however, that the infra-specific division is rather loose, molecular variation being distributed continuously between and within cultivar groups. We suggest that despite the morphological diversity, separation between varietal-groups may be based on a too small number of genes to enable unambiguous infra-specific classification based on DNA diversity.
This study examined 36 accessions of melon grown originally in dry and warm zones managed in the gene bank in the Institute of Seed and Plant Improvement, Karaj. To characterize and compare results of the field experiment statistical procedures, hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and multiple linear regressions were applied. The results indicated a high degree of variability for single plant yield, fruit weight, fruit length, and cavity diameter. In addition, the variables of fruit size displayed a high differentiating power. Positive and negative correlation coefficients were identified among the studied traits as well. The highest significant positive correlation was found between the plant yield and fruit weight (0.88). Also, the highest significant negative correlation was observed between relative water content and canopy temperature (−0.58). Melon accessions were classified into three main clusters, indicating that the characterized melon collection has a high potential for particular breeding goals. The usefulness of the identified correlations among traits is valuable for the potential use in breeding projects directed for fruit size and yielding in dry condition. Multiple linear regressions were done and R 2 (Coefficient of determination) and RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error) were 0.97 and 229, respectively.
Integrated Selection Criteria in Melon Breeding
Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) yield could likely be improved through genetic manipulation. Estimating genetic diversity and determining relationships among germplasm enhances efficiency of germplasm collection management and genetic improvement. Experiments were conducted with muskmelon from Mar. to June 2012–2013 and 2013–2014 to determine trait selection, which contributes to high yield. For all traits degree of genetic variation was determined to account for genetic and environment effects. Minimum genetic variance (9.66), along with high genetic interaction with the environment (19.33), led to low heritability (0.24) for yield. Broad sense heritability of traits included in the differentiating model was higher than in production. Number of fruit, fruit weight, fruit width, flesh diameter, and plant yield can differentiate genotypes with high or low production. Discriminant function of these traits, particularly fruit weight, for current outputs was used as an all-inclusive parameter for determining landraces with the highest yield. About three quarters of variation in yield can be explained with discriminant function, and weight is substantially related to total production (r = 0.72**), which can be beneficial in breeding. Variable importance in partial least squares analysis demonstrated that fruit number, fruit width, and fruit weight had the highest significance and can be used for predicting ultimate production. Selection using genetic variability can enhance genetic achievement of improved production.
Effects of Training Methods on Four Melon Cultivars
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2022
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is one of the important crops and is widely produced in the world. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of two training methods (one or two stems) on four melon cultivars (HV1: Zagrit, HV2: Maziane, HV3: Kirkagac, and HV4: Ananas). The field experiment has been accomplished during the 2016-2017 season at the Tripoli Agricultural Technology Center in Libya. Morphological, phenological and fruit traits were observed or measured. The experiment was conducted in a split-plot randomized block design with four replicates. Least significant differences (LSD) were determined at the significance level of 0.05. There were significant differences among most of the studied traits based on the training methods and melon cultivars. The growing method had a significant effect the number of fruit; two-stem plants reached to 4.78 fruit per plant while the one-stem plants produced 3.31 fruit per plant. Moreover, growing method had a significant effect on the weight of the fruit. The plants with two stems scored the highest weight of the fruit reaching 910 g per fruit, while the plants with one stem gave the fruit weight of amounting to 820 g per fruit.
Indian journal of agricultural research, 2020
Diversity of 9 local Iranian genotypes of melon was studied based on 28 quantitative and qualitative agro-morphological traits, using multivariate statistical methods. Analysis of variance showed significant differences between genotypes for all quantitative traits. However, the studied melon genotypes were previously clustered in two main groups of inodorous and cantalopensis, cluster analysis classified them in four different groups based on all traits, in particular outlaying Shadegani genotype from Inodorous group. Clustering was also supported by principal components analysis (PCA). The first two PCs contributed 60% of the total variability and demonstrated variations mainly on the basis of yield related traits including fruit number, day to flower, day to harvest, fruit weight, fruit length and other distinctive traits such as rind pattern, peduncle attachment strength, fruit firmness and aroma. Accordingly, agro-morphological traits could be used for variation studies in melons and results might be useful for improving breeding programs.
GENERATION MEAN ANALYSIS OF HORTICULTURAL TRAITS IN MUSKMELON (CUCUMIS MELO L
A six generation mean analysis study was carried determine the types and magnitude of gene effects for earliness, vine architectural, yield and its components in four muskmelon crosses viz., Punjab Sunehri x IIHR 122, RM 43 x IIHR 121, IIHR 681 x IIHR 121 and IIHR 681 x IIHR 122. A simple additive/dominance model was adequate as determined from the non-significance of all the scales for days to anthesis in the cross RM 43 x IIHR 121, days to first fruit harvest in the cross Punjab Sunehri x IIHR 122 and number of fruits per vine in the cross IIHR 681 x IIHR 122. For vine length, number of fruits per vine and average fruit weight in all crosses significance of one or more scaling test implied the presence of non-allelic interactions. Some gene effects cancelled due to simultaneous presence of positive and negative components for most of the traits indicated that negative alleles dispersed in the parents of the crosses for the inheritance of the traits. Therefore, selection for such traits should be done in later generation such that the desired recombinants become available in the population. Simple biparental recurrent selection would prove useful in obtaining more unique and desirable alleles, since additive, non-additive and interaction effects could able to locate further variability and effective selection of lines is possible. KEYWORDS: Cucumis Melo – Generation Mean Analysis – Additive Effects – Dominance Effects – Epistasis
Advances in horticultural science, 2020
The variability affecting the main agronomic traits of 10 snake melon genotypes (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus L.) (three F1 hybrids, six breeding lines and the widely grown and consumed traditional cultivar Mornagui), grown under greenhouse conditions during 2014 and 2015 seasons, was examined and compared. Their resistance to powdery mildew was also checked. The main productiondriving agronomic traits varied significantly (P<0.05) depending on the genotype. The major skin colour determined visually was different among the considered genotypes. The hybrids (H5 and H12) and the breeding lines (L1, L2, L5, L6 and L9) had dark green skin. The fruits of the hybrid H7 were dark and light green and the breeding line L4 has intense and dark green fruits whereas cv. Mornagui was characterized by medium light green fruits. Regarding fruit shape, the hybrids H7 and H5 produced straight fruits whereas the hybrid H12 and the breeding lines; L2, L4, L5, and L9 and the cv. Mornagui had elongate fruits. However both breeding lines L1 and L6 were characterized by straight elongate fruits. The F1 hybrid H5 was the most productive (3.6 Kg/plant and ≈ 21 fruits/plant for total yield and number of fruit/plant respectively). These findings are useful for further breeding programs aiming to develop new pow dery mildew resistant snake melon cultivars with satisfying agronomic traits.