Impact of Exercise in Community-Dwelling Older Adults (original) (raw)
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Physical activity and exercise: Strategies to manage frailty
Redox Biology, 2020
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Effect of Physical Activity on Frailty: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Annals of internal medicine, 2018
Limited evidence suggests that physical activity may prevent frailty and associated negative outcomes in older adults. Definitive data from large long-term randomized trials are lacking. To determine whether a long-term, structured, moderate-intensity physical activity program is associated with a lower risk for frailty and whether frailty status alters the effect of physical activity on the reduction in major mobility disability (MMD) risk. Multicenter, single-blind, randomized trial. 8 centers in the United States. 1635 community-dwelling adults, aged 70 to 89 years, with functional limitations. A structured, moderate-intensity physical activity program incorporating aerobic, resistance, and flexibility activities or a health education program consisting of workshops and stretching exercises. Frailty, as defined by the SOF (Study of Osteoporotic Fractures) index, at baseline and 6, 12, and 24 months, and MMD, defined as the inability to walk 400 m, for up to 3.5 years. Over 24 mon...
Physical Activity in Non-Frail and Frail Older Adults
PloS one, 2015
Physical activity (PA) is important for healthy ageing. Better insight into objectively measured PA levels in older adults is needed, since most previous studies employed self-report measures for PA assessment, which are associated with overestimation of PA. This study aimed to provide insight in objectively measured indoor and outdoor PA of older adults, and in PA differences by frailty levels. Data were collected among non-frail (N = 74) and frail (N = 10) subjects, aged 65 to 89 years. PA, measured for seven days with accelerometers and GPS-devices, was categorized into three levels of intensity (sedentary, light, and moderate-to-vigorous PA). Older adults spent most time in sedentary and light PA. Subjects spent 84.7%, 15.1% and 0.2% per day in sedentary, light and moderate-to-vigorous PA respectively. On average, older adults spent 9.8 (SD 23.7) minutes per week in moderate-to-vigorous activity, and 747.0 (SD 389.6) minutes per week in light activity. None of the subjects met t...
The Palgrave Handbook of Ageing and Physical Activity Promotion, 2018
Frailty and associated comorbidities compromise quality of life for older adults and contribute major societal costs, directly to people who live with frailty, to friends and family providing care and losing productivity, and to the health and social care services (Clegg et al. 2013; National Centre for Social Research 2010). In a US-wide sample, 15.3% of >65-year-olds were recognised as frail; however, a third of adults aged 85-89 years and 38% of people over the age of 90 were classified as frail (Bandeen-Roche et al. 2015). The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing observed a 14% prevalence of frailty (Gale et al. 2015). Adults aged over 75 years accounted for 60% of hospital admissions, despite representing only 43% of the over 65-year-old population. Worldwide, 11% of people over the age of 65 meet frailty criteria (Ward 2013), while 42% are estimated to have mild frailty or pre-frailty (Collard et al. 2012). The Cardiovascular Health Study-Frailty Phenotype proposes five criteria for defining frailty including unintentional weight loss, self-reported exhaustion, weakness (measured by grip strength), slow walking speed, or low physical activity (Fried et al. 2001). People are classified as non-frail if they meet no criteria, pre-frail if they meet one or two criteria, and frail if they meet three
JBI database of systematic reviews and implementation reports, 2016
The objectives of this umbrella review are to determine the effectiveness of exercise interventions, alone or in combination with other interventions, for improving physical function in community-dwelling older people who are identified as frail or at risk of frailty, and to identify if any particular intervention type or characteristic is the most effective.Specifically, the review question is: What is the effectiveness of exercise interventions, alone or in combination with other interventions, for improving physical function in community-dwelling older people identified as frail or at risk of frailty?
Age and Ageing, 2022
Background: physical activity reduces frailty in community-dwelling older adults. How exercise influences frailty in hospitalised older adults requires additional investigation. Objectives: (i) to examine the impact of an exercise intervention on frailty in older adults admitted to an acute care ward, and (ii) to determine the impact of baseline frailty on the effectiveness of this intervention. Setting/participants: this is a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled clinical trial that tested an intensive exercise intervention in ≥75-year-old adults admitted to an acute care ward. Methods: the intervention included two daily sessions of moderate-intensity exercises (control received usual care). A 63-item Frailty Index (FI) was constructed, and three groups were formed: <0.2, 0.2-0.29 and ≥0.3. Other outcomes included Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and Barthel Index (BI). Results: a total of 323 individuals were included. The mean age was 87.1 years (± 4.8 standard deviation [SD]) and 56.3% were females. The intervention group improved FI from 0.26 (± 0.10 SD) to 0.20 (± 0.10 SD), whereas the control group FI worsened from 0.25 (± 0.1 SD) to 0.27 (± 0.10 SD). After stratifying by baseline FI, SPPB and depression improved in the intervention group across all levels of frailty; FI, BI and quality of life only improved in individuals with a baseline FI ≥ 0.2. Conclusions: frailty improves with an intensive individualised exercise intervention, especially in those with high baseline levels of frailty. In addition, frailty is a useful outcome when examining the impact of an intervention of hospitalised older adults.
Impact of Physical Activities on Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Women
Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics, 2018
Aims: The aim of the study was to determine whether increased physical activities (PA) affect frailty for old women, 75 years and older (OO), compared to 60-74 years old (YO). Methods: This crosssectional study measured 19 frailty indicators (muscle strength and endurance, balance, gait characteristics, and function), using 46 community-dwelling women. PA were divided into three levels by caloric expenditure per week (<2,000 kcal/week, 2,000-3,999 kcal/week,>4,000 kcal/week). Results: As PA level increased, a gap (=difference) between OO and YO narrowed for step length and function, but for quadriceps strength and endurance, a gap widened. Conclusions: Frailty progresses with aging but older women who engage in a high level of physical activity (>4,000 kcal/week) can increase mobility and functional capacity, but not for muscle strength and endurance. Starting regular resistance training activities early in the aging process is critical to improve or maintain muscle quality to offset age-related frailty.