Review of Burtea, Zwei äthiopische Zauberrollen (original) (raw)
Relating linguistic reconstructions of plant names in Berber to the archaeobotany of North Africa
The archaeobotany, and in particular the chronology of the introduction and spread of agriculture in North Africa is slowly become better known. Nonetheless, there are many controversies, in particular the extent to which finds of cultivated crops are imports as opposed to indicative of true agriculture. It would therefore be helpful to establish the extent to which the evidence from linguistics reflects the archaeobotany of the region. The principle language of North Africa today is Arabic, interleaved with Berber, especially in Morocco and Algeria. This is obviously a recent phenomenon, and present-day languages are palimpsests, with traces of earlier languages such as Phoenician and Latin marking the introduction of new crops and agricultural techniques. Berber poses a particular problem, as despite its broad geographical range, the languages are all extremely close to one another, suggesting a recent spread, and thus the presence of numerous substrate languages which have now disappeared. The paper reviews the linguistic evidence for the main crops grown in North Africa during the period since the introduction of agriculture and the potential link with the archaeobotany of the region. Kossmann (2013) has collated the Berber terms, but makes no mention of the archaeobotany. Terms for the following crops appear to be reconstructible to proto-Berber; Cereals barley, wheat, millet, cereal (general term) Pulses fava bean, lentil, Lathyrus Vegetables onion, carrot Fruits date, grape, olive fig This is quite a small tally considering the wide range of crops grown in the region in historic times, and the paper considers the construction of the North African cultigen repertoire from the viewpoint of borrowings from Punic, Latin, Ancient Egyptian, West African languages and Arabic (Behnstedt & Woidich 2011). References Behnstedt, P. & Woidich, M. 2011. Wortatlas der arabischen Dialekte, vol. I, Mensch, Natur, Fauna, Flora. Leiden-Boston: Brill. Kossmann, Maarten 2013. The Arabic Influence on Northern Berber. Leiden: Brill.
2016 - UID - Il Disegno come strumento di rappresentazione dell’architettura berbera in Marocco.pdf
LA RICERCA ANALIZZA LE STRUTTURE INSEDIATIVE DELLE VALLI PRESAHARIANE DEL MAROCCO ATTRAVERSO TECNICHE DI RAPPRESENTAZIONE VOLTE AD INDIVIDUARE LE VARIANTI TIPOLOGICHE E MORFOLOGICHE NELL’ OASI DI SKOURA. IL PROCESSO DI ANALISI HA PREVISTO L’UTILIZZO DI METODI DI RILEVAMENTO E DI MODELLAZIONE CAD PER LA RICOSTRUZIONE TRIDIMENSIONALE DELLE ARCHITETTURE INDAGATE. L’OUTPUT FINALE, ALL’ INTERNO DEL QUALE CONFLUIRANNO I RISULTATI DELLA RICERCA, SARÀ UN SISTEMA INTEGRATO PER LA SALVAGUARDIA E LA VALORIZZAZIONE DEL PATRIMONIO ARCHITETTONICO DEL SUD MAROCCHINO.
T.F. Mitchell (1919 – 2007) and his Zuara Berber materials
Études et Documents Berbères, 2008
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Berber_PhoenicianFO51_2014.pdf
In the article the question of traces of Phoenician/Punic influence in lexicon of Berber languages is solved in perspective of chronology of disintegration of the Berber dialect continuum. It is possible to conclude that the oldest layer of Canaanite loans is also attested in the West Berber branch. It means the beginning of this influence preceded the disintegration of the attested Berber languages.
Berber *b-< AA *b-122. SBrb.: Hgr. té-hît, pl. té-hât-în [h < *b?] «nom d'une petite guêpe (à corps rayé brun et jaune)» [Fed. 1951/52: 501] ||| LECu.: Arbore bâtante 'beehive' [Hayward?] ||| NOm.: Janjero bot-ô 'bee' [Cri.] = bot-ô 'bee ', bot-o 'Bienenkorb' [Lmb. 1993: 334] = bôt-ôô 'beehive' [Aklilu n.d.; Aklilu-Siebert 1993: 19] | (?) Hozo bat-i [un less < *mat-i] 'honeybee ' [Sbr.-Wdk. 1994: 13], bhd [late var. < *bht?] (fire det.) '1. Duft einatmen, Wohlgeruch reichen, 2. durchräuchern, beräuchern' (XXII., Wb 1467, 12 to 468, 1-4) ||| ECh.: Migama bóttó «enfumer» [JA 1992, 71], Bidiya böt «enfumer trou pour déloger un gibier (écureuil)» [AJ 1989, 60]. From AA *b-h-t 'to smoke' [GT]. 124. SBrb.: EWlm. & Ayr a-haz [h < *b] «se hâter, se presser, se dépêcher», caus. zo-haz «hâter, presser, activer» [PAM 140] ||| Sem. *b^ (?) [GT]: Geez bo^a 'i.a.: 3. to be swift' [LsL] ||| NEg. bs (GW) [irreg. - § < *-c] 'rapid (of water)' (NE, DLE I 147) = 'Stromschnellen' (GHWb 262) HI WCh.: Goemay bes [b < *b?-?] '1. quickness, 2. (adv.) quickly' [Srl. 1937, 13] = bes 'to be easy, quick, inexpensive' [HIw. 2000: 1], From AA *b-?-c 'quick' [GT], ' NB: Any connection to Akk. (nA) bäsi 'bald nach, alsbald' [AHW 110]? 125. SBrb.: EWlm. & Ayr huk-at [h ~ h < *b] «1. se lever et s'en aller, 2. (Ayr) se cambrer (cheval)» [PAM 133] ||| PCu. *bVk-'to rise, be high' [GT]: NAgaw: Hamir bek y 'hinaufsteigen, -klettern' [Rn. 1884: 346], Qemant bïk y «s'élever, apparaître en s'élevant», bïkïtâ
Berbers-Tuaregs-Canarians1.pdf
Berbers-Tuaregs-Canarians
There are a few striking lexical parallels between the extinct languages of the Canary Islands aborigines and one of the Saharan Tuareg languages belonging to the Tamâhaq dialect cluster (Ahaggar, Taitoq and some others). Apart from the fact that all these Canarian idioms belong to the Berber-Canarian linguistic family (whose position within the Afrasian/Afroasiatic macrofamily/phylum and reconstructed prehistory are presented in the author’s interpretation), and, hence, have an inherited common lexicon, the Canary-Tamâhaq parallels feature common phonetic developments which are so nontrivial and unique that the only explanation for them is ethno-cultural contacts, namely, lexical borrowing from Tamâhaq in Canarian. A series of such loan-words quoted and analyzed below gives ground to the hypothesis of a Tamâhaq speaking Tuaregs’ migration to the Canary Islands, roughly datable between the 7th and 14th centuries CE. Basing his ideas on this hypothesis, the author endeavors to decipher some inscriptions in the Island of Ferro (Hierro) written in tifinaɣ, the only one extant of the Libyan script varieties, with the help of the Ahaggar dictionary demonstrating that they were composed in Tamâhaq Tuareg. Aside from that, reconstruction is attempted of the linguistic and ethno-cultural prehistory and history of the Berber, Tuareg and Canarian speakers.
واللغات الترجمة جلة م On Lexical Obsolescence in Tacawit: The Case of Six Berber Fauna Terms
The present paper gives an account of a cross-regional study of lexical obsolescence in Tacawit. It aims to compare the rates of lexical erosion across three regions: the Aurès Massif, Occidental Aurès and Oriental Aurès. The data of the study were collected as part of a doctoral research project on contact-induced lexical erosion in Tacawit. For purposes of brevity, however, this paper is confined to the analysis of the data obtained from one semantic domain, namely animal lexicon. Six basic concepts denoting six species were examined. The study revealed significant differences in the rates of lexical erosion between the three regions. The Massif retained most of the Berber variants, and, to a lesser degree, Occidental Aurès. In Oriental Aurès, however, there was a general tendency towards lexical replacement. This regional variation in lexical maintenance reflects different social tendencies within Aurès towards the effects of contact between Berber and Arabic.
On Lexical Obsolescence in Tacawit: The Case of Six Berber Fauna Terms
Revue de Traduction & Langues https://www.asjp.cerist.dz/en/article/80268, 2018
The present paper gives an account of a cross-regional study of lexical obsolescence in Tacawit. It aims to compare the rates of lexical erosion across three regions: the Aurès Massif, Occidental Aurès and Oriental Aurès. The data of the study were collected as part of a doctoral research project on contact-induced lexical erosion in Tacawit. For purposes of brevity, however, this paper is confined to the analysis of the data obtained from one semantic domain, namely animal lexicon. Six basic concepts denoting six species were examined. The study revealed significant differences in the rates of lexical erosion between the three regions. The Massif retained most of the Berber variants, and, to a lesser degree, Occidental Aurès. In Oriental Aurès, however, there was a general tendency towards lexical replacement. This regional variation in lexical maintenance reflects different social tendencies within Aurès towards the effects of contact between Berber and Arabic.
Scientia Marina, 2007
Palabras clave: Cerastoderma edule, berberechos, impactos de la pesca, rastro de mano, cuchillo de marisqueo, Ría Formosa. SCI. MAR., 71(4), December 2007, 723-733. ISSN: 0214-8358 EFFECTS OF COCKLE HARVESTING ON MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES • 725 FIG. 2. -Photographs of the hand dredge used in the cockle fishery (A), the way the gear is operated (B) and underwater photograph of the hand dredge during harvesting (C). scale bar = 50 cm. FIG. 3. -Map showing the geographical location of the Ria Formosa lagoon and the sampling site (dotted ellipse).